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리모델링의 특성을 반영한 철거공사의 공정계획 수립방안 - 벽식구조 노후 공동주택을 대상으로 -
강사일,황영규,김경래,Kang, Sa-Yil,Hwang, Young-Kyu,Kim, Kyung-Rai 한국건설관리학회 2008 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.9 No.5
현재 노후 공동주택의 노후화 된 성능을 개선하기 위해 재건축사업과 리모델링 사업을 시행하고 있다. 최근에는 재건축사업으로 인한 폐기물 발생, 자원낭비, 부동산투기 등의 문제점으로 인하여 리모델링사업이 부각되고 있다. 이에 따라 국내 노후 공동주택 리모델링사업이 점차 증가하는 추세이지만 사례를 살펴보면 공사 시 리모델링의 특성을 고려하지 않은 공정계획을 사용하여 일부 공종에서 공사기간이 지연되고 있다. 특히 철거공사의 경우 리모델링의 특성을 반영한 철거공사의 공정계획을 적용하지 못하여 철거공사기간이 지연되고 있다. 리모델링사업에서 철거공사는 다른 공정에 선행하기 때문에 철거공사기간이 지연될 경우 전체 공사기간이 지연되며, 계획공사기간을 맞추기 위해 돌관공사를 할 경우 리모델링사업비도 증가하게 된다. 더욱이 현재까지 완료된 노후 공동주택 리모델링사업은 라멘(보 기둥)조 공동주택을 대상으로 하였으나 향후 리모델링이 필요한 공동주택은 대부분 철거공사의 물량이 많은 벽식구조이므로 철거공사기간이 지연될 가능성이 크다. 이에 본 논문은 벽식구조 노후공동주택 리모델링 철거공사의 공기지연을 방지하기 위해서 리모델링의 특성을 반영한 철거공사의 공정계획을 수립하고자 한다. Currently, reconstruction and remodeling are conducted to improve the performance of aged housing. Recently reconstruction has caused many problems such as wastes generation, wasting resources and real estate speculation, remodeling is drawing attention. Accordingly, remodeling business for aged housings gradually increasing, but the use of scheduling method not considering characteristics of remodeling deters construction in some construction types. Especially, in case of dismantling construction, the dismantling is delayed since the scheduling method not considering characteristics of remodeling is used. In case of remodeling, dismantling construction is ahead of other processes, if the dismantling construction is delayed, whole construction will be delayed and if speedy construction is conducted, the costs for remodeling will increase. Furthermore, existing remodeling for aged housing has been for rahmen(crossbeam and pillar) structure apartments, but since most apartments to be remodeled are wall-slab structure where dismantling takes a lot of weight, it is highly possible the dismantling construction is delayed. Thus, this paper is to establish scheduling method for the dismantling construction reflecting characteristic of remodeling to prevent delay of dismantling construction for remodeling of aged housing with wall-slab structure.
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강사문(Sa Moon Kim) 한국기독교학회 2002 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.26 No.-
The purpose of this paper is to examine the theory and practice of war and peace in the Bible and the Koran of Islam. According to the Biblical war texts, the wars in the history of Israel can be divided into three types: the war of kings, YHWH` s war and holy war. First, the war of kings mainly is the war which has been conducted by the kings of Judah and Israel after the united kingdom of David. In fact war is a practical necessity and a function for the birth, growth and survival of the kingdom. The war of kings is interpreted as the aggressive warfare which the kings ordered for the expansion of their territories or the benefits of their nations through the military power. Second, the war of YHWH was appeared in Numbers 21:14, 1 Sam 18:17; 25:28, was the War which took place during the last period of the judges and the following formative period of the Israelite kingdom as a nation by the help of YHWH. This YHWH` s war was understood as the divine war which has taken the victories only by YHWH` s intervention and guidance in the war fields. Third, Holy war is the war which was practiced in the cultic contexts by the worshippers with confidence in the help of YHWH that had included an actualization of YHWH` s historical rule. This holy war was formulated into a scheme with a recognized set of YHWH war` s experience by the Deuteronomistic historians in the late period of Israel. In the context of the war of YHWH, the wars are understood as an instrument of God`s judgment and salvation. The Jihad of Islam, the so-called `holy war,` was also appeared in the Koran. The Jihad literally means to strive in the way of God. But it does not mean only to wage war, because there are peaceful ways to follow the way of God besides the war among the four kinds of Jihad. However, the purpose of the Jihad is to strive for the way of Allah until "dar al harb" disappears on the earth. Actually, the Jihad had been the offensive wars for the expansion of the territory of Islam rather than defense wars which appeared in the early formative period of `dar all Islam.` In this respect, there are the fundamental differences between the holy war of the Bible and the Jihad of Islam. In the contexts of the war of Kings as well as holy wars, one of the debatable issues is the theory of just war. The theorists claim that their wars are `the just war` to fight for the world peace or to expel the evil doers. Although this war was categorized as jut war, practically their wars mainly were `the conquest wars` to expand their territories or to get much interests through this war. So, in fact, the theory of just war is evaluated as "a wolf in sheep` s clothing." One of the controversies in the war of YHWH is to understand the concept of YHWH as warrior. YHWH as warrior means that the God YHWH is the lord of history who controls war with sovereign power. YHWH is understood as God who uses violence and also accepts it like crucified God in the New Testament. Furthermore, in the concept of herem, the total destruction, the basic problem is killing and cruelty. Yet, Herem indicates that it belongs to God` portion and God` s justice. It means that all those who breathe alive should be dedicated to God like burnt offering, because of His portion. In spite of constant human being`s efforts for Peace, shalom has not yet been accomplished in this world. However, the Bible teaches that the shalom is not the production of human`s efforts, but the gift of YHWH. For there is a time for peace as there is a time for war(Eccl. 3:8b). And it is outside of humans control. Therefore we need to obey the will of God for the just peacemaking and to keep his commandments given to us for just peace.
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