Chinese herbal injections for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A narrative review

Xiao-Bin Zhu,Meng Guo,Zhi-Hui Zhang,Li-Hua Sun,Lei Liu,Li-Juan Zhou,Chun-Lei Shan,Yi Yang,Lian-Di Kan,Liu-Cheng Li 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.4

Background The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 180 million infections and 3.9 million deaths. To date, emerging clinical evidence has shown the synergetic benefits of Chinese herbal injections in treating this contagious respiratory disease. This review aims to summarize and analyze the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal injections in the therapy of COVID-19. Methods The literature from 3 electronic databases, PubMed, CNKI, and Web of Science, were searched using the search terms “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “traditional Chinese medicine”, “herb”, “herbal”, and “injection”. Then the identified articles were comprehensively evaluated. Results Limited data demonstrated that Chinese herbal injections could significantly improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients, especially in combination with conventional treatment strategies. The benefits of which were mainly associated with the relief of symptoms, prevention of secondary infection, regulation of inflammation and immune function. There was also evidence showing the inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. Nevertheless, available real-world data suggested the increased risk of adverse event. Furthermore, the defects of existing researches and the insights for discovering novel antiviral drugs were prospectively discussed. Conclusion Evidence-based advances revealed that Chinese herbal injections such as XueBiJing injection and ShenMai injection, exerted potent effects against COVID-19. Further laboratory researches and clinical evaluation are needed to gather scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety.

First-Principles Study of the Elastic, Hardness and Electronic Properties of MoAlB under High Pressure

Xiao Ling Zhu,Wei Yang,Shan Shan Gao,Jin Ping Zhang 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.74 No.5

The structure, elastic and electronic properties of MoAlB have been studied under high pressure by using first principles. The optimized lattice parameters, elastic constants, bulk moduli, and shear moduli agree well with experimental and other theoretical values. The relationships of the lattice constants with pressure indicated an anisotropic behavior. The calculated elastic constants satisfy the mechanical stability conditions. Our calculated Vickers hardness of MoAlB is 11.56~GPa, which agrees with the experimental data and confirms its having a relatively softer nature than the other borides. The Cauchy pressure, the Poisson's ratio and the $G/B$ value suggest that MoAlB is a brittle solid under ambient conditions, but the brittleness decreases with increasing pressure. The band structure and the density of states reveal the metallic feature of MoAlB, and the energy levels shift toward both sides of the Fermi level with increasing pressure. The Mulliken population and density of states suggest a mixture bonding nature of covalence and metallicity in MoAlB.

Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis in Identification of Endometrial Cancer Prognosis Markers

Zhu, Xiao-Lu,Ai, Zhi-Hong,Wang, Juan,Xu, Yan-Li,Teng, Yin-Cheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy. Identification of potential biomarkers of EC would be helpful for the detection and monitoring of malignancy, improving clinical outcomes. Methods: The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis method was used to identify prognostic markers for EC in this study. Moreover, underlying molecular mechanisms were characterized by KEGG pathway enrichment and transcriptional regulation analyses. Results: Seven gene co-expression modules were obtained, but only the turquoise module was positively related with EC stage. Among the genes in the turquoise module, COL5A2 (collagen, type V, alpha 2) could be regulated by PBX (pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 1)1/2 and HOXB1(homeobox B1) transcription factors to be involved in the focal adhesion pathway; CENP-E (centromere protein E, 312kDa) by E2F4 (E2F transcription factor 4, p107/p130-binding); MYCN (v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived [avian]) by PAX5 (paired box 5); and BCL-2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) and IGFBP-6 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6) by GLI1. They were predicted to be associated with EC progression via Hedgehog signaling and other cancer related-pathways. Conclusions: These data on transcriptional regulation may provide a better understanding of molecular mechanisms and clues to potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of EC.

Reliability assessment method based on the meta-action unit for complex mechanical system

Xiao Zhu,Yan Ran,Xinglong Li 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3

In this paper, a functionality unit named as meta-action unit (MAU) is proposed to correlate the system function with the part actions and assess reliability of mechanical system. Firstly, the function of system is decomposed into multiple MAUs by function-movementaction (FMA). Then, the lifetime of MAU is fitted by Weibull distribution, and its parameters are estimated by support vector regression (SVR). In addition, taking the distributions of MAU as marginal distributions, the lifetime distribution of mechanical system is constructed by copula function to assess system reliability, and its parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). Further, the reliability assessment accuracy based on MAU is compared with that from traditional method based on mechanical part failure modes. Finally, the reliability assessment of the indexing turntable (IT) is performed as an example to illustrate the feasibility and reasonability of the proposed method.

A 10-Year Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Profi Les, Laboratory Characteristics and Management of Pyogenic Liver Abscesses in a Chinese Hospital

( Xiao Juan Zhu ),( Shao Hui Wang ),( Ravi Jacob ),( Zhi Ning Fan ),( Fa Ming Zhang ),( Guo Zhong Ji ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Gut and Liver Vol.5 No.2

Background/Aims: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a serious, life threatening condition with a high mortality rate that represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The aim of this study was to collect demographic data and clinical, laboratory and microbiological characteristics of PLA patients treated between 2000 and 2010. We also aimed to collect information regarding our management experience of these cases. Methods: As a retrospective review, 47 patients with PLA in a tertiary referral center were examined to determine their demographic characteristics, clinical features, and laboratory, imaging, and microbiologic findings as well as the treatment outcome. Results: Cryptogenic PLA was the most frequently identified type of PLA, while benign biliary tract disease was the most frequently identifi able cause of PLA (18/47 patients; 38.3%). Leukocytosis and elevated alanine transaminase were common laboratory findings and were observed in 35 (74.5%) and 22 (46.8%) patients, respectively. Increased fibrinogen was also detected in 11 of 15 investigated cases (73.3%). Notably, infection-induced thrombocytopenia occurred in 8 patients (17%). Diabetes mellitus was associated with the occurrence of infection induced shock when compared to the non-diabetic group (p<0.05). Patients with two or more comorbid diseases had longer hospitalizations when compared to patients with one comorbid disease or those without comorbidities (p<0.001). The number of days needed to establish diagnosis was correlated with the length of hospitalization (p<0.001). The overall hospital mortality rate was 2.1% (1/47). Conclusions: Characteristics of PLA patients from the past 10 years are presented. The number of days needed to establish a PLA diagnosis was correlated with the length of the hospital stay. The hospital stay of PLA patients can be further improved by early diagnosis and effective treatments during the early stages of PLA progression. (Gut Liver 2011;5:221-227)

Multilocus Sequence Typing and Virulence Factors Analysis of Escherichia coli O157 Strains in China

Xiao W. Ji,Ya L. Liao,Ye F. Zhu,Hai G. Wang,Ling Gu,Jiang Gu,Chen Dong,Hong L. Ding,Xu H. Mao,Feng C. Zhu,Quan M. Zou 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.6

Escherichia coli O157:H7, an important food-borne pathogen, has become a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiologic feature of E. coli O157:H7strains in China. 105 E. coli O157:H7 isolates were collected from various hosts and places over 9 years. A multilocus sequence typing scheme (MLST) was applied for bacteria genotyping and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for virulence factor identification. Seven new MLST sequence types (STs), namely ST836, ST837, ST838, ST839, ST840, ST841, and ST842 were identified, which grouped into two lineages. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the most two frequent STs in China, ST837 and ST836, may be the derivatives of E. coli O157:H7 Sakai or E. coli O157:H7 EDL933. Geographical diversity and host variety of E. coli O157:H7 were observed in China. In addition, the different distribution of tccp was detected. The data presented herein provide new insights into the molecular epidemiologic feature of E. coli O157:H7, and aid in the investigation of the transmission regularity and evolutionary mechanism of E. coli O157:H7.

Key Point Detection in 3D Reconstruction Based On Human-Computer Interaction

Zhu Shi Wei,Zhang Xiao Guo,Lv Jia Dong,Wang Qing 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.1

Aiming at solving problem of points’ redundancy caused by full automatically detecting points and the problem of large workload caused by picking all points manually, I advanced a new method of picking points which is based on Human-Computer Interaction in our 3D reconstruction platform after automatically detecting points. We first detected and matched points automatically and got the homograph matrix between two images, then projected points which were picked by hand on the one image to the other image, at last we would search the interesting feature points in the neighborhood of corresponding points in the two images. Experiments have shown that this method decreases the redundancy brought by large number of points and successfully finds the important feature points, so it lays a good foundation for 3D reconstruction.

Sex-related Differences in DNA Copy Number Alterations in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zhu, Zhong-Zheng,Wang, Dong,Cong, Wen-Ming,Jiang, Hongmei,Yu, Yue,Wen, Bing-Ji,Dong, Hui,Zhang, Xiao,Liu, Shu-Fang,Wang, Ai-Zhong,Zhu, Guanshan,Hou, Lifang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Background: Males have a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than females in general, but the reasons for the sex disparity are still obscure. DNA copy number alteration (CNA) is a major feature of solid tumors including HCC, but whether CNA plays a role in sex-related differences in HCC development has never been evaluated. Methods: High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to examine 17 female and 46 male HCC patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Shanghai, China. Two-tailed Fisher's exact or ${\chi}^2$ tests was used to compare CNAs between females and males. Results: The overall frequencies and patterns of CNAs in female and male cases were similar. However, female HCC tumors presented more copy number gains compared to those in males on 1q21.3-q22 (76.5% vs. 37.0%, P = 0.009), 11q11 (35.3% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.0002) and 19q13.31-q13.32 (23.5% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.004), and loss on 16p11.2 (35.3% vs. 6.5%, P = 0.009). Relative to females, male cases had greater copy number loss on 11q11 (63.0% vs. 17.6%, P = 0.002). Further analyses showed that 11q11 gain correlated with 19q13.31-q13.32 gain (P = 0.042), 11q11 loss (P = 0.011) and 16p11.2 loss (P = 0.033), while 1q21.3-q22 gain correlated with 19q13.31-q13.32 gain (P = 0.046). Conclusions: These findings suggest that CNAs may play a role in sex-related differences in HBVassociated HCC development.

Disorientation of and Return to Value Reason in Chinese E-Government -And the Hierarchical Model of Value Reason That Centers on "Taking People as the Foundation of the State"

( Xiao Ning Zhu ),( Dan Mao ) 한국행정학회 2005 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.14

Study on the Influence of Book Cover Design Elements on Parents" Choice of Children"s Picture Book

Zhu, Xiao Min(주소민),Cho, Dong Min(조동민) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2022 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.40 No.1