대기오염과 천식증상에 의한 응급실내원과의 연관성에 관한 환자교차연구

임형준,이상윤,윤기정,주영수,강대희,조수현 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : This study, using case-crossover design, search a relationship between changing levels of air pollutants and asthma attack in asthma patients. Methods : We searched the daily total number of asthmatic patients at hospital's emergency room in Seoul, Korea by investigating total 49 general hospital's emergency room records. Otherwise, We investigated medical records of asthmatic patients at one of the 49 hospitals we have searched. We investigated addresses that they are living, diagnosis, smoking history, whether respiratory infection or not, medications. We analyzed the data by 1:m conditional logistic regression used when matched case-control study is analyzed. Control periods were chosen by bidirectional paired matching technique 7, 14 days before and after case periods. Results : the relative risk of asthmatic attack by 100 ppm ozone increase between June and September were 1.348(95 % CI = 1.010∼1.619). Between November and February, the relative risk by 100 ㎍/㎥ TSP increase, 100ppb sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide were respectively 1,278(1.010∼1.619), 1.237(1.019∼1.502), 1.285(1.006∼1.640). In stratified analysis, the relative risk were significant when the asthmatic patients were children aged 15 years or below, when there were respiratory infection, and when the patients took medications irregularly Conclusions : There was statistically significant association between ambient levels of air pollutants and asthmatic attack. So, we have to exert our efforts to minimize the air pollution effectively, to protect public health from air pollution.

Classical Swine Fever (Hog cholera) Virus 약독순화주 (Suri 주)의 gp55 Gene 염기서열 분석

김귀현,장경수,강경임,이병형,박종현,안수환,전무형 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

An attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Suri strain, is a variant derived from a vaccine virus, LOM strain. This study was performed to elucidate the molecular biologcal properties of CSFV Suri strain, and to obtain the basic data for molecular epidemiological approaches for the disease. The truncated form of gp55 gene without the C-terminal trasmembrane domain, in size of 1,023bp, was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced by dye terminator cyclic sequencing method, and inserted into BamHI site of pAcGP67B baculovirus vector, establishing a cloned pAcHEG plasmid. By the nucleotide sequences determined, 341 amino acid sequences were predicted. As compard the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of gp55 of Suri with the various CSFV, Suri strain showed the high homology over 99.1% with ALD and LOM strains, but comparably the lower homology with Alfort and Brescia. In comparison of amino acid sequence in variable domain of gp55 protein, the similar tendency of homology was observed. In hydrophobicity analysis, all of four CSFV strains revealed the analogous patterns of hydrophobicity. The numbers and locations of N-glycosylation site and cysteine residuse in gp55 were analyzed, those of Suri strain being coincident with ALD and LOM strains. The results suggest that gp55 in Suri strain has the high similarity to those in ALD and LOM strains in terms of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences and the functional properties of gp55 protein.

작업장 누적소음 노출과 혈압과의 관련성

이상윤, 김재용*, 임형준, 윤기정, 최홍렬*, 고상백**, 강대희, 조수헌 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적 : 작업장에서의 누적소음노출값과 혈압의 변화 사이의 관계를 관찰하기 위한 단면 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 소음발생 제조업체의 남성근로자 중 건강진단 자료, 설문지 자료, 인사기록이 모두 갖추어진 852명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 작업장 소음측정값은 34개 지점에서 측정된 작업환경 측정 보고서 값을 사용하였고, 혈압은 건강진단시 측정한 수축기 혈압과 이완기 혈압 각각의 평균을 이용하였다. 가능한 교란변수들을 건강진단시 설문조사를 통하여 조사하였다. 근로자의 근무기간과 근무했던 작업부서의 소음노출값을 이용하여 누적소음노출값을 추정하였고, 이에 따라 전체 연구대상 근로자를 저소음노출군, 중등도소음노출군, 고소음노출군, 과다소음노출군으로 구분하였다. 누적소음노출값으로 구분한 소음노출군 사이에 평균 수축기 혈압 및 이완기 혈압의 차이가 있는 지를 나이, 비만도지수, 혈중 콜레스테롤값, 고혈압의 가족력, 흡연력, 음주력 등의 가능한 교란변수들의 영향을 통제한 상태에서 비교하였다. 결과 : 가능한 교란변수들을 보정한 상태에서 저소음노출군에서 과다소음노출군으로 갈수록 수축기 혈압 및 이완기 혈압의 증가가 있는지를 관찰하기 위해 일반선형모델을 이용하여 분석하였을 때, 수축기 혈압 및 이완기 혈압 모두 소음노출군이 혈압 변화의 유의한 설명변수였고, 수축기 혈압 및 이완기 혈압 모두 저소음노출군에 비해 과다소음노출군이 각각 2.1 mmHg, 2.7 mmHg 만큼 높았다. 결론 : 이는 만성적으로 누적된 고소음에의 노출로 인하여 혈압 상승의 가능성이 있음을 시사한다. Objectives : The association of workplace cumulative noise exposure and blood pressure was investigated in this study using cross-sectional design. Methods : The study population comprised 852 manufacturing male workers of whom occupational health examination data, questionnaire and personnel records were available. Workplace ambient noise monitoring data was used for calculating individual cumulative noise exposure level. Mean of each systolic and diastolic blood pressure of occupational health examination data was used for individual systolic and diastolic blood pressure level. Possible confounding variables including family history of hypertension, smoking habit, alcohol drinking habit were collected by questionnaire. On the basis of job location and duration of work at the location, a cumulatlve time-weighted average noise level was calculated for each workers. According to this cumulative noise exposure level, each study subject was categorized as low noise exposure group, moderate noise exposure group, high noise exposure group, very high noise exposure group. Among noise exposure groups, mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was compared after adjusting possible confounding variables such as age, body mass index, serum cholesterol level, family history of hypertension, smoking history, alcohol drinking habit. Results : After adjusting possible confounding variables, noise exposure group was signnificant explanatory variables for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and mean of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of very high exposure group was higher than that of low exposure group. Conclusions : These findings suggested that the high cumulative noise exposure might elevate the blood pressure.

제조업 근로자에서 직무 스트레스가 자율 신경계 활성도에 미치는 영향

윤기정,하미나,김재용,이상윤,임형준,신애선,황승식,김정수,강대희,조수헌 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.3

목적 : 자율신경계 활성도와 직무 스트레스와의 연관성을 구명하기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 직무 스트레스에 의한 심혈관계 질환 발생의 주요 기전으로 자율 신경계 활성도, 특히 교감신경계의 활성화가 기존의 연구에서 제시되고 이는 바, 이러한 자율신경계 활성도를 생리학적 지표(심박수 변동성; Heart rate variability, HRV) 및 생체시료(요중 카테콜아민)를 이용하여 정량적으로 평가하고 이들의 수준과 직무 스트레스와의 연관성을 구명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 방법 : 천안시 소재 제조업체의 생산직 남성 근로자 145명을 대상으로 하여 단면연구를 실시하였다. 연구 대상자들은 동일한 근무조건(4조 3교대)로 한정하였다. 직무스트레스는 '직무 만족도 설문조사(Karasek's Job Conten Questionnaire, JCQ)'를 이용하여 평가하였고, 자율신경계 기능은 심박수 변동성과 요중 카테콜아민(에피네프린, 노에피네프린, 도파민)을로 평가하였다. 시료 수집 및 심박수 변동성 측정은 자율신경계의 일주기 리듬을 고려하여 각 연구 대상자들에게 각 교대근무대별로 각각 3회 반복 측정하였다. 직무 만족도 설문조사(49문항)와 함께 인구학적 사항, 직업력, 과거병력, 흡연, 음주력 등에 대한 자기 기입식 설문조사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 직무 만족도 설문조사에 의해 평가된 직무 스트레스 수준을 직무긴장모형(job strain model)에 의한 4개 집단으로 나누었을 때 연구 대상자들은 저긴장 집단(low strain) 24명, 고긴장 집단(high strain) 32명, 수동적 집단 65명, 능동적 집단 20명으로 분포하였다. 직무긴장모형 4개 집단간의 심박수 변동성 및 요중 카테콜아민의 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 심박수 변동성중 특히 심혈관계 질환의 주요 기전으로 제시되는 교감신경계의 활성을 나타내는 저주파 변동성도 4개 집단간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p-value=0.71). 하지만, 직무기간을 사분위수로 나눈 후 직무 기간이 가장 짧은 군(직무기간<48.5개월, N=28)을 대상으로, 직무긴장모형의 4개 집단간의 저주파 변동성(교감신경 활성도 지시) 차이 비교를 위해 일원분산분석을 시행한 결과 집단-간(between group) 동질성검정이 p-값 0.092의 유의확률을 나타내었다. 결론 : 자율신경계 활성도, 특히 심박수 변동성을 이용한 정량적 평가를 통해 직무 스트레스와의 연관성을 평가한 연구라는 점에서 의의를 지닌다. 제한적이긴 하지만, 근무기간이 짧은 군에서 저긴장 집단과 고긴장 집단간의 저주파 변동성의 차이를 보여 심박수 변동성이 잠재적인 생리적 지표가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. Objective: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationships between autonomic nerve activity (i.e., heart rate variability and urinary catecholamines) and job stress. Methods: The study was conducted on 134 workers from a company producing consumer goods (i.e., diaper, paper towel) located in Cheonan, Korea. Job stress was assessed by Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), Autonomic function was assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) and urinary catecholamines (eponephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Urine samplings, and measurings of HRV, were repeated three times for each shift. Information on demographic characteristics, previous job histories, past medical history, smoking and drinking were also collected. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in ant HRV and urinary catecholamines among the four groups, which were categorized by the Job Strain Model. When data were stratified by work duration, low field HRV was borderline sigificantly higher in the high strain group in individuals with a sgorter work duration (<48.5 months, N=28, p-value of 0.92 by analysis of variance). Conclusions: Neither HRV nor urinary catecholamines are significantly associated with job stress, as assessed by the Karasek's JCQ. However, HRV seems to be a potential physiological incicator of jov stress only in the workers with a shorter work duration.

사회환경교육의 교육과정 표준화 모형 및 통합프로그램 개발연구

박석순,최돈형,성효현,허명,강명희,이숙임,남상준 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 이화환경연구 Vol.2 No.-

This paper presents the development of standardized modules and an integrated program which will be used for social environmental education. The study objectives are to develop modules which are based on various environmental topics, to relate the regional environmental topics to the educational modules and program, and to include the demand of students in the modules and program. Literature and questionary surveys, as well as, module development method were utilized as research tools. The titles of developed modules are "The Green Plant Earth," "Unexpected Resources: Save Resources and Recycle", "Water as the Mother of All Lives", "The Blue Sky with Clean Air", and "Soil as the Home of All Living and Non-living Things". It is hoped that the developed modules and program are utilized as course materials and curriculum for social environmental education in various educational institutes. The study results will be materialized as multimedia in near futher.

하청 근로자들의 건강수준 평가

최홍열,고상백,장세진,차봉석,임형준,이상윤,김재용,강동묵,조수헌 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

목 적 : 하청노동을 이용한 노동 유연화 전략은 근로자들의 고용을 불안정시키고, 근로자들의 삶에 부정적 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 하청업체 근로자들의 고용현황을 조사하고, 기존의 업체중심의 건강평가의 문제점을 지적하고자 하였다. 또한 하청업체 근로자들의 건강평가의 현재적 의미와 사회적 배제의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 모기업과 하청업체 근로자들의 건강수준을 비교하기 위하여, 정기건강진단(일반, 특수)과 채용건강진단 자료를 이용하고자 하였다. 건강진단에서 누락된 비정규직을 포괄하기 위하여 SF-36을 이용하여 건강설문조사를 시행하였다.결 과 : 조선업 하청업체 근로자들의 고용기간은 짧고, 빈번한 노동이동 현상을 보였다. 3년간 건강진단 수검 현황을 통해 살펴볼 때, 1998년 수검자중 2000년까지 연속해서 검진 받은 수검자는 40.3%였다. 건강진단 결과 유소견자 규모를 통해 모기업과 하청업체간의 건강수준을 비교해 보았다. 모기업은 일반질병 요관찰자와 질병자를 포함한 유소견자가 1,011명으로 약 10 %의 유소견율을 보이고 있고, 질병자의 경우 596명으로 유병률이 5 %를 상회하고 있다. 반면 하청업체의 경우 1,967명의 수검자중 유소견자가 115명으로 6 %의 유소견율을 보이고있고, 질병자는 82명으로 4 %의 유병률을 보이고있다 채용건강진단을 받은 수검자는 6,260명 이었으며, 이 중 유소견자 수는 2,373명으로 전체 수검자의 37.9 %를 차지하였다. 건강설문지의 경우는 전체 건강수준의 총합은 하청보다 원청 근로자가 높았고 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결 론' 정기건강검진 결과는 하청근로자들이 고용형태에 따라 검진을 받지 못한 경우가 많아, 건강 근로자 효과로 표현될 가능성이 있다. 따라서 채용건강진단 결과는 다른 측면에서 하청업체 근로자들의 건강수준의 현실적 반영이라고 할 수 있다. 향후 하청업체 근로자들의 건강문제를 감시하고 개선하려면 기존의 업체 중심의 접근으로는 하청 근로자의 건강문제를 제대로 다룰 수 없고, 업종과 지역을 동시에 고려하여 접근할 필요가 있다. 또한 단기 고용 근로자 및 비정규직 근로자를 사회보장의 확충과 모기업의 연대책임 강화 및 기업복지 차원에서 포괄하는 방안이 모색되어야 하겠다. Objectives : The strategy for the labor flexibility through subcontracted labor have brought a negative effect on the lives of the workers, such as the increase of the unstable employment. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the employment of subcontracted firms and the health status of them, and to find out some problems which have been caused in the process of health evaluation and the characteristics of social exclusion. Methods : We reviewed the periodical health examination and preemployment health examination in order to compare health status of the subcontracted workers with those of the parent firm workers. The SF-36 questionnaire was administered to assess the self-perceived health status. Results : The result shows that compared to the working duration of the parent firm workers, those of the subcontracted workers were shorter, and the job transfer rate was higher. In the periodical health examination, the prevalence of occupational and general disease was higher in the parent firm(10%) than in the subcontracted firms(6%). Preemployment health examination plays an important role in worker's health manage- ment. Among 6,260 workers who received preemployment health examination, the prevalence of disease was 37.9%. Mean scores of health status measured by SF-36 were lower in the subcontracted firm than in the parent firm. Conclusions : Due to social exclusion of the subcontracted workers from the periodical health examination, there is a possibility that the periodical health examination have the healthy worker effect. These results suggests that the preemployment health examination could be a more appropriate indicator which is able to assess the health status of the subcontracted workers than the periodical health examination.

Growth of Budding Yeasts under Optical Trap

Im, Kang-Bin,Kim, Hyun-Ik,Kim, Soo-Ki,Kim, Chul-Geun,Oh, Cha-Hwan,Song, Seok-Ho,Kim, Pill-Soo The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2007 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.3 No.1

Optic tweezer is powerful tool to investigate biologic cells. Of eukaryotic cells, it was poorly documented regarding to optic trapping to manipulate yeasts. In preliminary experiment to explore yeast biology, interferometric optical tweezers was exploited to trap and manipulate budding yeasts. Successfully, several budding yeasts are trapped simultaneously. We found that the budding direction of the daughter cell was almost outward and the daughter cell surrounded by other yeasts grows slowly or fail to grow. Thus it was assumed that neighboring cells around budding yeast may be critical in budding and the growth of daughter cells. This is first report pertaining to the pattern of yeast budding under the optical trap when multiple yeasts were trapped.

Additive effect of probiotics (Mutaflor) on 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis

Soo-Kyung Park,Sang-Bum Kang,Sang Soo Kim,Tae Oh Kim,차재명,Jong Pil Im,Chang Hwan Choi,Eun Soo Kim,Geom Seog Seo,Chang Soo Eun,Dong Soo Han,Dong Il Park 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: In ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is equivalent to mesalazine for preventing disease relapse; however, evidence of the ability of EcN to increase health-related quality of life or induce remission remains scarce. We investigated the efficacy of EcN as an add-on therapy for UC. Methods: In this multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study, a total of 133 UC patients were randomly assigned to receive either EcN or placebo once daily for 8 weeks. Inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) scores (primary endpoint) and clinical remission and response rates (secondary endpoints) were compared (Clinical trial registration number: NCT04969679). Results: In total, 118 patients (EcN, 58; placebo, 60) completed the study. The number of patients reaching the primary endpoint did not differ between the EcN and placebo groups (30 [51.7%] vs. 31 [51.7%]; per-protocol analysis, p = 1.0; intention- to-treat analysis, p = 0.86). However, significantly fewer patients in the EcN group exhibited a decreased IBDQ score (1 [1.7%] vs. 8 [13.3%]; per-protocol analysis, p = 0.03; intention-to-treat analysis, p = 0.02). Moreover, a significantly higher number of patients in the EcN group displayed clinical response at 4 weeks (23 [39.7%] vs. 13 [21.7%], p = 0.04) and endoscopic remission at 8 weeks (26 [46.4%] vs. 16 [27.1%], p = 0.03). Conclusions: Although the number of patients reaching the primary endpoint did not differ between the EcN and placebo groups, EcN was found to be safe and effective in preventing the exacerbation of IBDQ scores and achieving clinical responses and endoscopic remission in patients with mild-to-moderate UC.

Zr-2.5Nb 압력관에서 Hydride 파괴해석

김강수(Kang Soo Kim),김영석(Young Suk Kim),정용무(Yong Moo Cheong),안상복(Sang Bok Ahn),임경수(Kyoung Soo Im) 대한기계학회 2005 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2005 No.8

The objective of this study is to suggest the new mechanism of DHC. At the stage Ⅰ of DHC, DHC velocity increase quickly and that is constant at the stage Ⅱ even if the stress intensity factor(K) increase. Also, the striation spacing on the fractured surface of DHC CT specimen is firstly wide and becomes gradually narrow according to increasing K value. Finally, that becomes constant at the stage Ⅱ. The new DHC model suggested can explain the above situation. To this end, CT specimen is modelled using FEM and the behavior of the elements near the crack tip is examined. Also, the direction of the principal stress, the maximum shear stress and the plastic zone size near the crack tip is calculated.

The Effect of Professional Awareness of Sports Leaders on Role Expectations and Service Satisfaction among Sports Participants to PROTECT the Sports Market

Hwansuk Choi,Junmuk Im J-INSTITUTE 2021 Protection Convergence Vol.6 No.2

Purpose: Sports leaders need systematic and professional knowledge acquisition, social approval of profes-sional authority and privileges, and social contribution services in order to receive trust and recognition from sports participants. Sports leaders should be recognized by sports participants through their efforts to cultivate professionalism. This is especially important for sports participants because it has a lot of influence on sports activities as a whole, such as continuous participation or suspension of exercise by sports leaders awareness of professionalism. Therefore, this study is meaningful in presenting data for the development of sports leaders qualifications and efficient operation of related institutions to provide excellent service in sports facilities through a study on the impact of professional awareness on sports leaders. Method: As of 2021, the purpose of the survey was explained to the users of 5 sports facilities in Daegu Met-ropolitan City by personally visiting the sports centers they are using. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the self-evaluation writing method of 350 people who agreed to write the questionnaire. Among the col-lected data, 319 questionnaires were taken as valid samples, excluding the data whose responses to the ques-tionnaire were not faithful or part of the survey contents were omitted. In this study, frequency analysis was performed to find out the general characteristics of survey participants using SPSS Pro-gram 25.0, and factor analysis and Cronbach s α coefficient were calculated to verify the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. In addition, correlation analysis was performed to find out the relationship between variables, and multiple regression analysis was performed to find out the influence of the variables. Results: As a result of factor analysis and reliability verification for professional recognition, the Eigen val-ueand Cronbach s α coefficient of the occupationally factor were 5.359(α=.927), and the ideological factor was 4.147(α=.859). As a result of factor analysis and reliability verification for Role Expectation, the Eigen value and Cronbach s α coefficient of the relationship factor were 5.824(α=.845), the expertise factor 5.124(α=.802), and the role factor 4.382(α=.837), and the outcome factor was 3.762(α=.765). As a result of factor analysis and reliability verification for service satisfaction, the Eigen value and Cronbach s α coefficient of the service satis-faction factor was 9.457(α=.945). As a result of performing correlation analysis using SPSS, the relationship between all constituent concepts It appears as a positive(+) correlation, and the direction of the relationship between the variables is consistent. In the effect of sports participants professional perception of sports lead-ers on Role Expectation and service satisfaction, professional perception affects Role Expectation and service satisfaction, and Role Expectation affects service satisfaction. Conclusion: Professional perception affects Role Expectations. Professional perception affects service satis-faction. Role Expectation affects service satisfaction. Therefore, in order for sports leaders to be recognized as professionals and provide quality services, they must first clearly recognize that they are professional, acquire professional knowledge for work and cultivate culture, mature personality and high responsibility, ethical awareness, and service. There is a need for continuous efforts that can be trusted by users of facilities and ser-vices.