정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

혀세정기구의 형태에 따른 인공설태제거효과에 관한 비교실험연구

조자원,신승철,서현석 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

The author surveyed 80 patients who had tongue plaque through the oral examination and taking the clinical photograph as well as classifying the type of tongue plaque, and made the tongue-cleaning machine and tested by using the machine to investigate efficiency of tongue plaque removing by the type of tongue cleaner, its material, and application force. The following result were obtainde; 1. Most adults have O-type tongue plaque(76.25%), other habe I-type tongue plaque(11.25%), and T-type tongue plaque(10.00%). 2. The efficiency of tongue plaque removing increased as tongue cleaning force rise. 3. Removing efficiency of O-type and T-type tongue plaque was higher by using linear filament type tongue cleaner than other tongue cleaner. 4. Groove type and linear filament type tongue cleaner hed higher removing efficiency of I-type tongue plaque. 5. Proper type tongue cleaner is recommended to each patient for prevention and reduction fo oral malodor and efficient tongue plaque removing.

중소기업 전자상거래의 활성화전략에 관한 연구

조세형,김승철,정용균 한국중소기업학회 2004 中小企業硏究 Vol.26 No.2

전자상거래에 관한 대부분의 선행연구들은 기업의 전자상거래 채택 및 확산 요인에 초점을 두었으며, 대기업 중심의 자료를 바탕으로 연구가 수행되었다. 그러나, 기업에서의 전자 상거래 활용은 선택이 아닌 기정 사실화되었고 이제는 어떻게 활용하는가에 초점을 두어야할 때이다. 한편, 대기업을 대상으로 한 연구결과가 중소기업에 지침으로 제공되고 있으나, 중소기업이 단순히 대기업의 축소판이 아니며 많은 점에서 고유의 특성을 지니고 있기 때문에 중소기업 자체의 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 세 가지 측면에서 전자상거래에 환한 선행연구를 확장한다. 첫째는 많은 선행연구들이 주로 정보기술의 채택 및 확산이란 차원에서 전자상거래를 다루어 온 것에 비하여 본 연구에서는 전자상거래의 실행을 성과와 연관시켜 다룬다. 둘째는 국가경제에 커다란 비중을 차지하고 영향을 미치는 중소기업에 초점을 둔다. 끝으로, 중소기업에 적합한 전자상거래 활성화 전략을 제안하고자 한다. 연구결과 중소기업에 적합한 특유의 전자상거래 활용형태는 없으며, 기업상황에 적합한 활용형태를 찾는 것이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 한편, 정보시스템 성숙도 수준에 따라 IC실행형태가 성과에 미치는 영향에 차이가 있음을 발견하였다. 예를 들어, 비용우위 전략은 성숙도가 낮을수록 가치시스템형 IC는 성숙도가 높을수록 높은 성과를 나타냈다. Business firms are increasingly taking part in online business activities through internet as the size of the e-commerce market is rapidly growing in the recent years. Electronic commerce (EC) activities now become an essential part of the business strategy for survival as well as growth for both large enterprises and small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Previous studies on e-commerce mostly focused on the factors leading to adoption and diffusion of EC by business firms, and also have been carried out with the data from big enterprises. More often than not, the results obtained from the large business firms are used to provide the guidelines for SMEs. SMEs are, however, different from large business firms in many aspects, and need to be studied on their own. This paper extends the previous researches on EC in three aspects. Firstly, we study the e-commerce issues in the area of implementation in relation to EC performance, beyond the adoption and diffusion of IT technology which has been the research issues in many previous researches. Secondly, we focus on small and medium enterprises which comprise a large portion of national economy with significant influence. Finally, we propose desirable EC strategies for SMEs upon consideration of SMEs' characteristics.

Step test시 승강대 높이에 따른 타당도 연구

조현철,신승윤 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to verify validity of height of step test that is selected for estimation of endurance in college entrance examination. A total of 24 college male student subjects were performed two different bench heights(40cm, 50.8cm) in 30 stepping/min for 5minutes and measured heart rate during stepping and recovery and cadio-pulmonary endurance capacity using Bruce protocol. The results were obtained as follow : 1. It was showed generally lower correlation between heart rate and maximum oxygen consumption. 2. Both of 3minutes and 5minutes step test can be selected there higher correlations between recovery heart rate of in 40cm height and both of stepping time(3minutes and 5minutes). However, there were lower correlations between recovery heart rate of in 50cm height. 3. It was showed that 40cm step height was more effective then 50cm step height according to correlation between VO2max and step heights According to the results, it is considered that it is necessery to introduce new estimation method and the step height adjustment method for effective estimation of endurance capacity.

고온 리튬용융염에서 오스테나이크계 합금의 부식거동

조수행,홍순석,오승철,박성원 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1

In the development of the advanced spent fuel management process based on the molten salt technology, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handing molten salt. As a part of assessment and application of the structural material for the molten salt handing system, corrosion behavior of Fe-base and Ni-base alloys in the molten salts was investigated in the temperature range of 650~800℃. Ni-base alloys showed of FeCr₂O₄ and Cr₂O₃ were formed in the Fe-abse alloys, also, NiFe₂O₄ and Cr₂O₃ in the Ni-base alloys. Fe-base alloys showed uniform and intergranular corrosion behavior and Ni-base alloys showed uniform and localized corrosion behavior.

습지의 간척에 따른 환경·생태적 기능가치에 대한 비교

조한진,서종환,이철승,안철우,김수생 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2003 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.2

This study on the environmental-ecological functional value of reclaiming from wet land for a standard of refutation on development and preservation. Korean wet land gives us seafood, social and cultural service of human and livelihood to be self-supporting the foods, supports etc, but at the same time wet land has ecologically sensitive and irreversible features. So we need to have maintainable management strategies considered the safe minimum standards. But Korean wet land has been developed 30% since 1980, and other wet land remain undeveloped has been pressured to develop. Pre-studies have been careless about the negative functions about water quality of paddy. But by the results of this study, we can know that total economic values are negative effects. The negative effects of environment pollution are bigger than the affirmative. And we need to compare and analyze the economic value of wet land and reclaimed land in order to produce more exact cost-benefit analysis on the preservation and development. But when we consider economic value of the liquid-quality purification between wet land and reclaimed land, the value of wet land is greater than reclaimed land.

요로감염이 진단되었거나 의심되는 영아에서 방광요관역류를 예측할 수 있는 임상적, 실험실적 지표들에 대한 연구

조승만,홍성완,홍찬의,정철주,노영일 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.3

Background: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in infants may be the main cause of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal scarring. So the early diagnosis of VUR is helpful to prevent recurrence of UTI and to alleviate the grade of VUR. This study is to examine the predictability of clinical and laboratory variables for VUR in infants with confirmed or suspected UTI. Material and Methods: Data of infants younger than 12 months who underwent voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) between 2003 and 2006 were evaluated retrospectively. Among the infants with suspected UTI, infants with VUR (Group 1) vs no VUR (Group 2) were compared. And among the Infants with confirmed UTI, infants with VUR (Group 3) vs no VUR (Group 4) were compared, Variables selected in this study were age at onset, gender, fever, laboratory data and imaging (ultrasonography). Results: Among the variables, the mean of C-reactive protein (CRP) in Group 1 and Group 2 were 5.24±6.82 and 2.46±3.75, respectively, showing that Group 1 had a higher value than Group 2 (P=0.0104). And the number of patients with fever □38.5℃ in Group 1 was higher than in Group 2 (U=0.0004). The mean of C-reactive protein (CRP) in Group 3 and Group 4 were 8.95±6.1 and 5.39±6.0, respectively, showing that Group 3 had a higher value than Group 4 (P=0.0409). Conclusion: Fever≥38.5℃ and CRP≥0.6 ㎎/dL were closely associated with VUR in infants with suspected UTI. And CRP□3.4㎎/dL was closely associated with VUR in infants with confirmed UTI. However, further evaluations and studies for these variables will be needed to use them as predictors for VUR.

고온 리튬용융염계에서 오스테나이트 스테인레스강의 부식거동

조수행,홍순석,오승철,박성원 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

In the development of the advanced spent fuel management process based on the molten salt technology, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handling molten salt. As a part of assessment and application of the structural material for the molten salt handling system, corrosion behavior of 304, 304L and 316LN in the molten salts was investigated. Corrosion proceeded via three steps; the formation step on corrosion product in which rapid corrosion takes place until stable corrosion product is formed after the beginning of corrosion, the protection step against corrosion until breakaway occurs after the formation step of stable corrosion product and the advancing step of corrosion after the breakaway. In a molten salt of LiCl-8%Li₂O, the final oxide scales of Li₂Ni_(8)O_(10) were formed, and also Li₂Ni_(8)O_(10) in the molten salt of LiCl-8%Li₂O-1%Li_3N.

잠김 금속판을 이용한 대퇴골 전자하 골절의 치료 : 압박 고 나사와 비교

손현철, 김용민, 김동수, 최의성, 박경진, 조병기, 박지강, 배승환 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2011 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.21 No.2

-본문참고-

수종의 구강환경검사 결과와 현존 구강상태와의 상관관계에 관한 임상적 연구

조응휘,신승철 단국대학교 치의학연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study were intended to find out the best testing method for oral environmental tests performing the preventive dental care programme effiectively. In this study, 70 volunteers in the third decade experimented such as Cariostat examination. Cariescreen SM examination, oral microflora examination by using phase contrast microscopy and dental plaque index examination and compared to individual DFT rate, simplified oral hygiene index and clinical periodontal status by visual examinations. After performing each tests, the author evaluated the data in view of three factors, such as sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic power and compared to total diagnostic power of each testing methods. The results were as followings: 1. On caries prevalence testing methods, the total diagnostic power resulted from oral microflora examination by using phase contrast microscopy was the highest as 67.61% and similar results derived from the data in cariostat as 66.66%, simplified oral hygiene index as 66.66% and cariescreen SM as 66.19%, and plaque index represented some lower result as 63.33%. 2. On oral hygiene status testing methods, the total diagnostic power in oral microflora examination by using plase contrast microscopy was appared more higher as 81.42% and that of the result from the dental plaque index examination as 77.61%. 3. On periodontal status testing methods, the total diagnostic power was appeared as 88.10% in oral microflora examination by using phase contrast microscopy and 75.24% in simplified oral hygiene index examination and 60.00% in dental plaque index examination. 4. Oral microflora examination by using phase contrast microscopy was recommended for preventive dental care programme clinically because of it's high predictable level in total diagnostic power compared to other testing methods.