Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

정상인에서 베타3-아드레날린 수용체 유전자의 변이가 복부 비만도 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향

김영선,윤석기,김철희,서교일,김학선,김극배,변동원,유명희 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.1

The β₃-adrenergic receptor is expressed in visceral adipose tissue in humans and is thought to contribute to the regulation of the resting metabolic rate and lipolysis. We studied the influence of a mutation in the β₃ -adrenergic receptor gene(Trp64Arg) on body fat distribution, central obesity, lipid metabolism in 65 healthy young male adults. One out of 65 subjects were homozygous (Arg/Arg) for the trp64Arg mutation, 17 subjects were heterozygous (Trp/Arg), and 47 lacked the mutation(Trp/Trp). The body weight, height, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio were similar between the subjects with- and without the mutation. Total body fat, abdominal fat amount, body fat distribution, serum total- and HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and insulin concentrations were also not different according to the presence or absence of the mutation. These results suggested that Trp64Arg mutation in β₃-adrenergic receptor gene is not a major contributing factor for central obesity or change in lipid metabolism in Korean young adults.

항갑상선제로 치료한 그레이브스병 환자의 관해예측인자

남일송,윤여일,김선규,김용현,이주영,목지오,윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: Most cases of Graves' disease have been treated by antithyroid drugs in Korea. The major drawbacks of antithyroid drugs are the relative high rate of relapse and the inconvinience of long term therapy. Measurement of TBII and TRH stimulation test have been considered as the most reliable tests predicting relapse, but the predictive power is not high enough to use in clinical situation. This study was performed to find good prognostic indicators in Graves' disease patients after the discontinuation of antithyroid drug therapy. Subjects and methods : We restrospectively evaluated 96 patients with Graves' disease who showed normal TRH test at the end of antithyroid drug therapy and were followed for more than one year. Serum T3, T4, T3/T4 ratio, TBII, Anti-TPO Ab and TGAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Two to three months after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, serum TSH and free T3 responses to TRH were examined. These parameters were compared between the relapse group and the remission group. Results : Among the 96 patients, 22 patients(22.9%) relapsed(Group Ⅱ) and 74 patients(77.1%) remained in remmision(Group Ⅰ). No significant difference was observed between the relapse and the remission group in clinical parameters, serum T3, T4, TSH, T3/T4 ratio, TBⅡ and Anti-TPO Ab determined before and after treatment. Serum TSH and free T3 levels measured after TRH stimulation were also similar in both groups. Serum TGAb levels determined at the end of treatment were significantly higher in the remission group(p<0.05). Relapse following the discontinuation of therapy occured within 24 months in 72.7% of the relapsed cases. After 24 months, relapse rate was reduced significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that high serum TGAb levels could be a favorable prognostic indicator for the long term remission of Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs, and may suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is combined with Graves' disease in those patients.

급성심근경색증에서 운동부하 심전도상 유발된 ST절 변화와 심근관류와의 관계

임도선,김영훈,김병회,김미양,김수미,황교승,안정천,송우혁,박창규,서홍석,심완주,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.5

급성심근경색증을 가진 한국인에 있어 Chlamydia Pneumoniae 감염의 영향에 대한 연구

이은미,오동주,황교승,안정천,송우혁,임도선,박창규,김영훈,서홍석,심완주,노영무,정희진,김우주,김종헌,송기준 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

공기압 실린더의 위치제어기 선정에 관한 연구

김일수,김기우,정영재,손준식,송창재,박주석 한국공작기계학회 1999 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.8 No.6

This paper concentrates on the position control of a pneumatic cylinder under parameter variation. A closed-loop control is proposed to design the different controllers(P, PI, PID, PD controller) in order to choose the best controller based on the fast and accurate control of the system. It is shown that the control algorithm is robust and effective in attaining the fast and accurate position control of system under time-dependent parameter variation. Experimental results showed that PD controller law is effective to obtain the fast response and to increase the stability of the system. The method is a useful control algorithm which always automatically adjusts the position control in accordance with the error, using carrier wave of triangle type regardless of changes on the operating condition and physical differences between components.

ESO 기법을 이용한 신뢰성 기반 최적설계

김상락,박재용,이원구,유진식,한석영 한국공작기계학회 2007 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

This paper presents a Reliability-Based Topology Optimization (RBTO) using Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO). An actual design involves uncertain conditions such as material property, operational load and dimensional variation. Deterministic Topology Optimization (DTO) is obtained without considering of uncertainties related to the uncertainty parameters. However, RBTO involves evaluation of probabilistic constraints, which can be done in two different ways, the reliability index approach (RIA) and the performance measure approach (PMA). Limit state function is approximated using Monte Carlo Simulation and Central Composite Design for reliability analysis. ESO, one of the topology optimization techniques, is adopted for topology optimization. Numerical examples are presented to compare the DTO with RBTO.

전립선대비증 평가에서 이행대 용적지수와 증상점수 및 요류속도와의 상관관계

김철성,전상준,정치영,소영석,노준,장대수 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.2

Purpose : otal prostate volume has been known to be poorly correlated with other parameters used to assess benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH), including international prostatic symptom score(IPSS), peak flow rate(Qmax). This study was aimed to investigate the possible correlation between transition zone index(TZI), IPSS and Qmax in patients with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Materials and methods : From September 1999 to December 2000, A total of 95patients with clinical BPH were evaluated total prostate volume(TV), transition zone volume(TZV), TZI, IPSS and Qmax. TZI was determined as the ratio between transition zone volume(TZV) and total prostate volume(TV). Results : The relationships between IPSS and TV, TZV, and TZI were not statistically significant. A statistically significant relationship was observed between TZV, TZI and Qmax and between TV, TZV, TZI and age. Conclusion : These results suggest that TZV, TZI may not be a useful method to assess symptom severity in BPH patients but may be limited clinical parameters.

공기 정압베어링을 이용한 유압 프레스 플런저의 유연 커플링 설계

김영석,임쌍근 서울産業大學校 産業大學院 1995 大學院論文集 Vol.3 No.-

유압 프레스를 이용한 성형공정에 있어서 하부금형(Bottom mold)과 램(Ram)에 부착된 상부금형(Plunger)의 정렬(Alignment)정도가 제품의 정밀도에 매우 큰 영향을 미친다. 본 논문에서는 브라운관의 성형공정의 경우에 대해 연구 되었는데, 브라운관의 전면 및 뒷면 유리의 성형공정을 보면, 하부금형은 인덱스 테이블(Index table)위에 등간격으로 11개가 고정되어 있고, 상부금형은 유압 프레스의 램에 부착되어 인덱스 테이블의 1 스탭(Step) 이송시 마다, 램이 하강 및 상승하여 제품을 연속적으로 생산하게 된다. 이때 11개의 하부금형을 인덱스 테이블에 등간격으로 정확히 고정해야만 정밀한 제품을 생산할 수 있는데 이는 매우 어렵고 또 많은 시간을 필요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 11개의 하부금형이 인덱스 테이블에 비교적 큰 오차 (±1.0㎜)를 가지고 고정되어 있더라도 상부금형과 11개의 각각의 하부금형이 정확하게 정렬이 될 수 있도록 하기 위해 램과 플런저 사이에 마찰이 거의 없는 공기 정압 베어링을 이용한 유연 커플링을 설계 및 제작하여 실제 생산설비에 적용 시켰다. 그 결과 기존의 방법보다 성형성이 좋고, 고정도의 제품을 생산할 수 있고 또 제품의 모델(Model)이 바뀔때 새로운 금형을 설치하는데 소요되는 시간을 줄일 수 있었다. The accuracy of products produced by a hydraulic press largely depends on the alignment accuracy between bottom dies and the plunger on the ram. In case of Brown tube forming process studied in this thesis, glass tubes are repeatly formed by upward and downward movement of the ram whenever the bottom die is moved to forming stage by large index table with 11 dies on it. In this process, It is very difficult and takes long time to set the bottom molds on the index table accurately to make the high quality Brown tubes, which is absolutely necessary for large screen TVs. In this study, although the bottom dies are fixed on the index table with relatively large errors of about ±1.0㎜, for the improvement of alignment accuracy of bottom dies to plunger, a new flexible coupling method using air bearing between ram and plunger is proposed. The flexible coupling was practically implemented to a real hydraulic press and it's performance was analyses. The experimental results show that high quality products can be obtained. Also, It makes possible to reduce initial alignment time to set a new mold when a production model is changed.

PECVD에 의해 제조된 Sb-doped SnO₂박막의 광학적성질

김근수,윤석영,김광호 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.58 No.-

플라즈마를 이용한 화학증착법 (PECVD)으로 Corning glass 1737 기판에 Sb-doped SnO2 박막을 증착하였다. 플라즈마 화학증착시 반응변수에 따른 박막의 결정상, 표면형상 및 광투과도를 XRD, SEM, AFM 과 그리고 UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer를 이용하여 분석하였다. Thermal CVD에 비해 PECVD법은 박막의 증착속도를 향상시켰고, 박막의 표면형상을 보다 균일하게 하였다. 반응온도 450℃, 유입가스비 R=1.12, RF power 30W에서 결정성과 광투과도가 비교적 뛰어난 Sb-doped tin oxide films을 얻을 수 있었다. Sb-doped tin oxide films were deposited on Coming glass 1737 substrate by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique. The films deposited at different reaction parameters were investigated by using XRD, SEM, AFM, and UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer. Compared to thermal CVD,PECVD effectively enhanced the deposition rate and smoothed the surface of tin oxide films. Sb-doped tin oxide films which have a relatively good crystallinity and photo-transmission were obtained at deposition temperature 450℃, input gas ratio R=1.12, and RF power 30W.