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Chemical Properties and Nutrient Loadings of Rainwater during Farming Season
Min-Kyeong Kim,Seong-Chang Hong,Jong-Sik Lee,Goo-Buk Jung,Soon-Ik Kwon,Mi-Jin Chae,Sun-Gang Yun,Kyu-Ho So 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.5
Recently, special attention has been given to acid rain and its problem to environment such as acid precipitation and air pollution in East Asia. In the present study, rainwater samples were collected from Apr to Nov in 2012. The samples were chemically characterized for the assessment of emission sources. Suwon and Yeoju regions, typical agricultural areas in South Korea, were chosen for study sites. Ion composition and cation-affected neutralization were determined to evaluate the contribution of cations to the acidity of rainwater. Ion and electrical conductivity between the measured and the estimated showed high correlation. The cations observed in Suwon and Yeoju were Na<SUP>+</SUP> > NH4<SUP>+</SUP> > K<SUP>+</SUP> > Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> > Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> > H<SUP>+</SUP> and Na<SUP>+</SUP> > K<SUP>+</SUP> > NH4<SUP>+</SUP> > Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> > Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> = H<SUP>+</SUP>, respectively. The anions of all sites were SO4<SUP>2-</SUP> > NO3- > Cl<SUP>-</SUP>. While the amounts of sulfate, one of the major dissolved components of rainwater, were 77.6 and 75.6 ueq L<SUP>-1</SUP> in Suwon and Yeoju, the ones of NSS-SO4<SUP>2-</SUP> (Non-Sea Salt sulfate) were 83 and 82% in Suwon and Yeoju, respectively. The comparison of observed pH values (pHobs) with the theoretical pH values (pHthe) showed that the neutralization of rain water considerably went along during the study periods. The highest amounts of rainfall throughout the year in Suwon and Yeoju were 572.3 and 484.6 mm in July, and its corresponding nitrogen loadings in Suwon and Yeoju were 5.28 and 3.50 kg ha-1, respectively. The major ion contents for crop growth with SO4<SUP>2-</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, K<SUP>+</SUP> and Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> were 51.7, 5.2, 11.8 and 1.8 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> in Suwon and 34.2, 4.0, 4.2 and 1.1 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> in Yeoju.
고환자가검진에 대한 소그룹 교육이 남자 대학생의 지식, 자기효능감 및 수행의도에 미치는 효과
박소미(Park, So Mi),정재원(Chung, Chae Weon),박미정(Park, Mi Jeong) 한국간호교육학회 2010 한국간호교육학회지 Vol.16 No.2
Purpose: This study examined the effects of Testicular Self-Examination (TSE) small-group education on knowledge, self-efficacy, and performance intention in male college students. Method: A non-equivalent pre-post test of quasi-experimental design was used. Out of 74 male college students selected by convenient sampling, 37 students were assigned to the experimental group and were given TSE small-group education. A 60-minute program consisted of lecture, demonstration, practice, discussion, and Q&A. Result: With an initial homogeneity between the two group, scores of knowledge about testicular cancer (p<.001), self-efficacy for TSE (p<.001), and performance intention of TSE (p<.01) of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the intervention. Conclusion: Small group education for TSE was effective in improving knowledge about testicular cancer, self-efficacy for TSE, and intention to perform TSE. Thus, this education program is considered to be useful for testicular cancer prevention and reproductive health promotion in male college students.
Chemical Properties and Nutrient Loadings of Rainwater during Farming Season
Kim, Min-Kyeong,Hong, Seong-Chang,Lee, Jong-Sik,Jung, Goo-Buk,Kwon, Soon-Ik,Chae, Mi-Jin,Yun, Sun-Gang,So, Kyu-Ho 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.5
Recently, special attention has been given to acid rain and its problem to environment such as acid precipitation and air pollution in East Asia. In the present study, rainwater samples were collected from Apr to Nov in 2012. The samples were chemically characterized for the assessment of emission sources. Suwon and Yeoju regions, typical agricultural areas in South Korea, were chosen for study sites. Ion composition and cation-affected neutralization were determined to evaluate the contribution of cations to the acidity of rainwater. Ion and electrical conductivity between the measured and the estimated showed high correlation. The cations observed in Suwon and Yeoju were $Na^+$ > $NH_4{^+}$ > $K^+$ > $Ca^{2+}$ > $Mg^{2+}$ > $H^+$ and $Na^+$ > $K^+$ > $NH_4{^+}$ > $Ca^{2+}$ > $Mg^{2+}=H^+$, respectively. The anions of all sites were $SO{_4}^{2-}$ > $NO_3{^-}$ > $Cl^-$. While the amounts of sulfate, one of the major dissolved components of rainwater, were 77.6 and 75.6 ueq $L^{-1}$ in Suwon and Yeoju, the ones of NSS-$SO{_4}^{2-}$ (Non-Sea Salt sulfate) were 83 and 82% in Suwon and Yeoju, respectively. The comparison of observed pH values ($pH_{obs}$) with the theoretical pH values ($pH_{the}$) showed that the neutralization of rain water considerably went along during the study periods. The highest amounts of rainfall throughout the year in Suwon and Yeoju were 572.3 and 484.6 mm in July, and its corresponding nitrogen loadings in Suwon and Yeoju were 5.28 and 3.50 kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively. The major ion contents for crop growth with $SO{_4}^{2-}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $K^+$ and $Mg^{2+}$ were 51.7, 5.2, 11.8 and 1.8 kg $ha^{-1}$ in Suwon and 34.2, 4.0, 4.2 and 1.1 kg $ha^{-1}$ in Yeoju.