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A Study on Country Cover Policy
Kyungchul Kim,Lee Yoon 한국무역금융보험학회(구 한국무역보험학회) 2021 무역보험연구 Vol.22 No.2
무보의 국별신용조사 체계는 신용조사, 등급평가, 인수제한조치 수립으로 구성되어 있다. 무보 는 무역 및 해외투자 대상국별 비상위험 정도에 따라 국별인수방침을 수립하여 제한조치를 실행한다. 본 연구는 무역보험공사의 국가리스크 조사 체계 중 하나인 국별인수방침 제도를 분석하고 개선방안을 제시하여 수출기업이 국가리스크 모니터링 체계 구축에 활용할 수 있도 록 제안한다. 국가리스크 관리체계는 무역리스크관리에 유용한 수단으로 활용될 수 있다. 수 출기업은 무역 및 해외투자 리스크 관리를 지원하는 정책기관인 무보의 신용조사 및 평가 기 능을 활용하여 자체 국가리스크 관리 역량을 보완할 수 있다. 무보는 국별신용조사 체계를 수 출기업에 공유․보급하여 공공재로서 활용할 필요가 있다. 무보가 기업의 국가리스크 모니터링 체계 구축을 지원하는 것은 무역리스크 예방적 관리수준 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. Purpose : This study analyzes the country cover policy of KSURE and suggests how to improve the policy. This study also propose that exporting companies could use the country cover policy to establish a country risk monitoring system. Research design, data, methodology : This study applies a qualitative comparative analysis on the country credit research system of KSURE. Results : The country credit research system of KSURE consists of three steps: credit search, credit rating, and country cover policy. KSURE establishes its country cover policy to impose underwriting restrictions on exports to certain countries according to the level of country risk. The country risk management system is considered as a useful tool for trade risk management. Exporters can supplement their country risk management capabilities by utilizing the credit research and evaluation functions of KSURE, a government agency that supports trade and overseas investment risk management. KSURE needs to share and distribute its country research system credit as public goods for exporting companies to benefit from. Conclusions : This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of preemptive trade risk management system at the national level by proposing KSURE’s initiative to nudge exporting firms to establish a country risk monitoring system.
Usefulness of Simple Rod Rotation to Correct Curve of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Kim, Ji Yong,Song, Kyungchul,Kim, Kyung Hyun,Rim, Dae Cheol,Yoon, Seung Hwan The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2015 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.58 No.6
Objective : To correct apical vertebral rotation for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), direct vertebral derotation (DVD) or simple rod rotation (SRR) might be considered. The aim of the present study is to introduce the surgical experiences of AIS by a Korean neurosurgeon and to evaluate the effectiveness of SRR for apical vertebral rotation. Methods : A total of 9 patients (1 male and 8 females) underwent scoliosis surgery by a neurosurgeon of our hospital. The Lenke classifications of the patients were 1 of 1B, 2 of 1C, 1 of 2A, 1 of 2C, 3 of 5C and 1 of 6C. Surgery was done by manner of simple rod rotation on the concave side and in situ coronal bending. Coronal Cobb's angles, vertebral rotation angles and SRS-22 were measured on a plain standing X-ray and CT before and after surgery. Results : The mean follow up period was 25.7 months (range : 5-52). The mean number of screw positioning level was nine (6-12). The mean age was 16.4 years (range : 13-25) at surgery. The mean Risser grade was $3.7{\pm}0.9$. The apical vertebral rotation measured from the CT scans was $25.8{\pm}8.5^{\circ}$ vs. $9.3{\pm}6.7^{\circ}$ (p<0.001) and the Coronal Cobb's angle was $53.7{\pm}10.4^{\circ}$ vs. $15.4{\pm}6.5^{\circ}$ (p<0.001) preoperatively and postoperative, respectively. The SRS-22 improved from 71.9 preoperatively to 90.3 postoperatively. There were no complications related with the operations. Conclusion : SRR with pedicle screw instrumentation could be corrected successfully by axial rotation without complications. SRR might serve as a good option to correct AIS deformed curves of AIS.
( Marco Sumo ),( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Kwang-woong Lee ),( Suk-won Suh ),( Nam-joon Yi ),( Hyeyoung Kim ),( Jaehong Jeong ),( Kyungchul Yoon ),( Hyo-sin Kim ),( Kyung-suk Suh ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Aims: Mycophenolate mofetil is the most common auxiliary immunosuppressant after liver transplantation to relieve calcineurin inhibitor related complications. There is one type of Cellcept® available, but Myrept® produced by Chong Kun Dang Company in Korea is available as 500 mg tablet as well as 250 mg capsule. However, there has been no clinical study to assess the feasibility of this generic product. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and convenience of Myrept® 500 mg tablet in recipients after liver transplantation. Methods: A 24 week, phase 4, single center, open-label, non-comparative study was employed. A total of 50 patients were recruited. Acute rejection, changes in blood chemistry, white blood cell count, renal function, adverse drug reaction and other characteristics of the patients were recorded for 24 weeks. All enrolled patients and their grafts were survived within 24 weeks. Results: There was no acute rejection. Mean GFR was 119.61 ± 76.52 ml/min at beginning of the study and reached 85.20 ± 23.70 ml/min after 24 weeks and showed a significant decrease overall (p < 0.001). Mean serum creatinine was 0.82 ± 0.27 mg/dL at beginning of the study and reached 1.01 ± 0.2 mg/dL after 24 weeks and showed significant increase overall (p < 0.001). However, there was no clinical significance. Nine patients (18.75%) had adverse drug reactions which had been commonly reported in other Mycophenolate mofetil generic products, and there was no serious one. These adverse reactions included gastrointestinal problems (nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort), laboratory abnormality (mild increase of aspartate or alanine aminotransferase). The size of Myrept® 500 mg tablet is smaller than Myrept® 250 mg capsule (17.1 x 7.1 x 6.5 mm vs. 19.18 x 7.23 x 6.40 mm). When comparing the same dose, the cost is less expensive (1,344 Korean won vs. 1,792 Korean won for 500 mg). Conclusions: Myrept® 500 mg tablet is feasible, cost-effective, and convenient in recipients after liver transplantation.