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Kyu Ri Hahn,Woosuk Kim,Hyo Young Jung,Hyun Jung Kwon,Sung Min Nam,Tae Hyeong Kim,Jong Whi Kim,Dae Young Yoo,Dae Won Kim,Jung Hoon Choi,Yeo Sung Yoon,In Koo Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
In the present study, we investigated the effects of cuprizone on cell death, glial activation, and neuronal plasticity induced by hypothermia after ischemia in gerbils. Food was supplemented with cuprizone at 0.2% ad libitum for eight weeks. At six weeks after diet feeing, gerbils received transient forebrain ischemia with or without hypothermic preconditioning. Cuprizone treatment for 8 weeks increased the number of astrocytes, microglia, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the hippocampus. In addition, cuprizone treatment significantly decreased the number of proliferating cells and neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus. Brain ischemia caused cell death, disruption of myelin basic proteins, and reactive gliosis in CA1. In addition, ischemia significantly increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and the number of proliferating cells and differentiating neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus. In contrast, hypothermic conditioning attenuated these changes in CA1 and the dentate gyrus. However, cuprizone treatment decreased cell survival induced by hypothermic preconditioning after ischemia and increased the number of reactive microglia and astrocytes in CA1 as well as of macrophages in the subcallosal zone. These changes occurred because the protective effect of hypothermia in ischemic damage was disrupted by cuprizone administration. Furthermore, cuprizone decreased ischemia-induced proliferating cells and neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus
Establishment of an animal model for demyelination: its relationship with hippocampal neurogenesis
Kyu Ri Hahn,Woosuk Kim,Hyo Young Jung,Hyun Jung Kwon,Sung Min Nam,Jong Whi Kim,Joon Ha Park,Dae Young Yoo,Dae Won Kim,Moo-Ho Won,In Koo Hwang,Yeo Sung Yoon 한국실험동물학회 2019 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.7
( Kyu Ri Lee ),( Sun Min Yang ),( Sung Min Cho ),( Myunghee Kim ),( Sung-yong Hong ),( Soo Hyun Chung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.1
Aflatoxins are classified as Group 1 (carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In this study, a total of 134 fungal strains were isolated from 65 meju samples, and two fungal isolates were selected as potential aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>)-biodetoxification fungi. These fungi were identified as Aspergillus oryzae MAO103 and A. oryzae MAO104 by sequencing the beta-tubulin gene. The two A. oryzae strains were able to degrade more than 90% of AFB1 (initial concentration: 40 μg/l) in a culture broth in 14 days. The mutagenic effects of AFB1 treated with A. oryzae MAO103 and MAO104 significantly decreased to 5.7% and 6.4%, respectively, in the frame-shift mutation of Ames tests using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. The base-substituting mutagenicity of AFB1 was also decreased by the two fungi. Moreover, AFB1 production by Aspergillus flavus was significantly decreased by the two A. oryzae strains on soybean-based agar plates. Our data suggest that the two AFB1- detoxifying A. oryzae strains have potential application to control AFB1 in foods and feeds.
Biodegradation of Ochratoxin A by Aspergillus tubingensis Isolated from Meju
( Sung Min Cho ),( Seong Eun Jeong ),( Kyu Ri Lee ),( Hemanth P K Sudhani ),( Myunghee Kim ),( Sung-yong Hong ),( Soo Hyun Chung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.10
Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin, contaminates agricultural products and poses a serious threat to public health worldwide. Microbiological methods are known to be a promising approach for OTA biodegradation because physical and chemical methods have practical limitations. In the present study, a total of 130 fungal isolates obtained from 65 traditional Korean meju (a fermented starter for fermentation of soybeans) samples were examined for OTA-biodegradation activity using thin-layer chromatography. Two fungal isolates were selected for OTA-biodegradation activity and were identified as Aspergillus tubingensis M036 and M074 through sequence analysis of the beta-tubulin gene. After culturing both A. tubingensis isolates in Soytone-Czapek medium containing OTA (40 ng/ml), OTAbiodegradation activity was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both A. tubingensis strains degraded OTA by more than 95.0% after 14 days, and the HPLC analysis showed that the OTA biodegradation by the A. tubingensis strains led to the production of ochratoxin α, which is much less toxic than OTA. Moreover, crude enzymes from the cultures of A. tubingensis M036 and M074 led to OTA biodegradation of 97.5% and 91.3% at pH 5, and 80.3% and 75.3% at pH 7, respectively, in a buffer solution containing OTA (40 ng/ml) after 24 h. In addition, the OTA-biodegrading fungi did not exhibit OTA production activity. Our data suggest that A. tubingensis isolates and their enzymes have the potential for practical application to reduce levels of OTA in food and feed.
Kyu-Ri Lee,Sang-Rae Moon,Jeong-Eun Lee,Gil-Hah Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05
Twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae was collected from the rose greenhouse in Gimhae, Gyeongnam province in Jan, 2001. Resistant strain was reared over nine years treated with Acequinocyl (over 400 times), and increased 614 folds as compared to susceptible strain (S). Cross resistance of acequinocylresistant strain adults to eight acaricide was showed high in Cyflumetofen (108 folds) and expressed low in Abamectin (16 folds), Tebufenpyrad (7.6 folds), Fenpyroximate (6.1 folds). Against Chlorfenapyr (0.5 folds), however, showed negatively correlated cross resistance. Synergistic effects with PBO (piperonyl butoxide), an oxygenase inhibitor, DEF (S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate), an esterase inhibitor, and DEM (diethymaleate), an inhibitor of glutathion S-transferase were also investigated. Synergistic effect showed low in DEM (4.2 folds) but showed high in PBO (12 folds) and DEF (23 folds).