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The elbow is the load-bearing joint during arm swing
Bokku Kang,Gu-Hee Jung,Erica Kholinne,In-Ho Jeon,Jae-Man Kwak 대한견주관절의학회 2023 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.26 No.2
Background: Arm swing plays a role in gait by accommodating forward movement through trunk balance. This study evaluates the biomechanical characteristics of arm swing during gait. Methods: The study performed computational musculoskeletal modeling based on motion tracking in 15 participants without musculoskeletal or gait disorder. A three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking system using three Azure Kinect (Microsoft) modules was used to obtain information in the 3D location of shoulder and elbow joints. Computational modeling using AnyBody Modeling System was performed to calculate the joint moment and range of motion (ROM) during arm swing. Results: Mean ROM of the dominant elbow was 29.7°±10.2° and 14.2°±3.2° in flexion–extension and pronation–supination, respectively. Mean joint moment of the dominant elbow was 56.4±12.7 Nm, 25.6±5.2 Nm, and 19.8±4.6 Nm in flexion–extension, rotation, and abduction–adduction, respectively. Conclusions: The elbow bears the load created by gravity and muscle contracture in dynamic arm swing movement.
An Exploratory Study of Smart Sportswear Segments for Motion Sensors-Focusing on Rowing Motions
( Seonhyung Park ),( Bo Ram Han ),( Bokku Kang ),( Hae Dong Lee ),( Han Sung Kim ),( Joohyeon Lee ) 한국감성과학회 2015 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.-
Lots of interdisciplinary studies for fusion of high technologes and the other areas of research had tried in these days. In sports training area, high technologies like a vital sign sensor or an accelerometer were adopted as training tools to improve the performance of the sports players. The purpose of this study is finding the proper locations on the human body for attaching the motion sensors in order to develop a smart sportswear which could be helpful in training players. The rowing was selected as a subject sport as lots of movements of the joint on human body could be seen in rowing motions. The players of rowing could be devide into two weight divisions, the lightweight and the heavyweight. In this study, the rates of changes on human skin as the players moved were took on the back, the elbow, the hip and the knee area on human body by 3D motion capturing system. The distances between markers and he differences between the lightweight and heavyweight were analyzed. Finally, the guide lines for designing a mtion sensing smart sportswear.
동작에 따른 피부변화 분석을 통한 동작센서 부착의 최적위치 탐색: 조정 동작을 중심으로
한보람 ( Bo-ram Han ),박선형 ( Seonhyung Park ),조현승 ( Hyun-seung Cho ),강복구 ( Bokku Kang ),김진선 ( Jin-sun Kim ),이주현 ( Joohyeon Lee ),김한성 ( Han Sung Kim ),이해동 ( Hae-dong Lee ) 한국감성과학회 2017 감성과학 Vol.20 No.1
하이테크놀로지를 여러 가지 다른 영역과 융합하고자 하는 노력이 다양한 연구 분야에서 시도되고 있으며, 스포츠웨어를 개발함에 있어 운동선수의 운동능력을 향상시키기 위한 분야에 이러한 첨단 기술들이 도입되고 있다. 본 연구는 스포츠 훈련에 도움이 되는 동작 센싱 스마트 스포츠웨어를 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로서, 조정 동작 시 관절의 움직임을 측정할 수 있는 동작 센서를 부착하기 위한 인체상의 최적 위치를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에서는 일관된 동작을 반복적으로 수행할때 관절의 변화가 큰 조정을 대상 스포츠로 선정하였으며, 조정 선수의 대표 체급인 중량급과 경량급의 피험자를 선정하여 동작에 따른 피부의 변화율을 측정하여 체급별 차이를 분석하였다. 먼저, 3차원 모션캡처 시스템을 이용하여 조정 동작 시 등, 팔꿈치, 엉덩이, 무릎 부위의 피부 변화를 촬영하고, 각 마커 간 거리의 변화율을 분석함으로써 체급에 따른 차이를 보이지 않으면서 동작에 따라 피부의 변화가 큰 부분을 인체 상에 도시하였다. 이를 바탕으로 동작 센싱용 스마트 스포츠웨어를 위한 센서 부착의 가이드라인을 제시하였다. Lots of interdisciplinary studies for fusion of high technologes and the other areas of research had been tried in these days. In sports training area, high technologies like a vital sign sensor or an accelerometer were adopted as training tools to improve the performance of the sports players. The purpose of this study is finding the proper locations on the human body for attaching the motion sensors in order to develop a smart sportswear which could be helpful in training players. The rowing was selected as a subject sport as lots of movements of the joint on human body could be seen in rowing motions. The players of rowing could be devided into two weight divisions, the lightweight and the heavyweight. In this study, the change rates of distance between markers on human skin as the players moved were took on the back, the elbow, the hip and the knee area on human body by 3D motion capturing system. The distances between markers and the differences between the lightweight and heavyweight were analyzed. Finally, this study provided the guide lines for designing a motion sensing smart sportswear.
Biomechanical Study on the Type of Clothes Dryer opening for Preventing Musculoskeletal Disorder
Dong Hyun Kim,Sang Hun Bae,Seo Hyun Kim,Young Jin Jung,Han A Lee,Dong Hyun Hwang,Bokku Kang,Kyung Chun Kim,Han Sung Kim 대한인간공학회 2018 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.5
Objective: The aim of this study is to prevent musculoskeletal disorder when people using clothes dryer depending on type of dryer door opening. Background: Recently, household appliance designs have been emphasizing ergonomics and reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders for users. When laundry is taken out of a washing machine and put into a clothes dryer with the inlet in the front, a great deal of force is applied to users’ shoulders, waist, and knees. This study proposes to predict possibility revelation of Musculoskeletal disorder according to clothes dryer opening type that can be used more safely. Method: The 4 female subjects (Average age: 20.25±0.5, Average height: 164.68±3.32cm, Average weight: 51.58±5.94) were with average height (50th percentile: 162.8 cm; Anthropometric Database, US Army). The clothes dryer door’s opening direction is mostly to the left (side swinging), and the other type of clothes dryers have doors that open 90 degrees downward (drop-down opening). The motions of each joint were measured using a three-dimensional motion analysis system to evaluate the operations performed while using a clothes dryer. Results: In 90-degree opening compared to side opening, it showed increasing biomechanical loads. However, when participants moving laundry top load from washing machine into clothes dryer, 90-degree opening compared to side opening, it showed decreasing biomechanical loads. Conclusion: These results show that we predicted the loads generated in the joints and muscles through the three-dimensional virtual human model and suggested ergonomic design for clothes dryer. Application: This results suggests that a new type of clothes dryer opening and moving line of washing.