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홍인권,이재동,김원일,Kim, Hyung Jin,이승문 한국공업화학회 2001 응용화학 Vol.5 No.2
The commercial applications of the aerogel are such as catalysts, thermal insulation, particle detectors. In addition to growing commercial application of aerogel, there are also scientific and technical applications. In this study, wet gels were prepared by a sol-gel process using titanium(IV) chloride (TiCI₄) and the resulting aerogels were obtained by supercritical drying process of wet gels. The resulting gels were converted to xerogels, aerogel and sonogel by atmospheric drying, supercritical drying and ultrasonic extraction, respectively. The amount of solvent and propylene oxide were varied in the range of 67 to 1600 ㏖ and 16 to 239.7 ㏖ in the resulting gels. The gel time increased as amount of solvent but decreased as amount of propylene oxide.
열분석법을 이용한 사용후 타이어의 열적 특성과 포텐셜 에너지의 회수
김원일(Won Il Kim),김형진(Hyung Jin Kim),홍인권(In Kwon Hong) 한국고무학회 1999 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.34 No.2
N/A The thermal degradation kinetics of SBR and tire were studied using a conventional thermogravimetric analysis in the stream nitrogen at a heating rate of 5, 10, 15, 20℃/min, respectively. Thermogravimetric curves and their derivatives were analyzed using various analytical methods to determine the kinetic parameters. The degradation of the SBR and tire was found to be a complex process which has multi-stages. The Friedman method gave average activation energies for the SBR and tire of 247.53kJ/㏖and 230.00kJ/㏖, respectively. Meanwhile, the Ozawa method gave 254.80kJ/㏖ and 215.76kJ/㏖. It would appear that either. Friedman`s differential method or Ozawa`s integral method provided satisfactory mathematical approaches to determine the kinetic parameters for the degradation of the SBR and tire. Approximately 86% and 55% of oil products were obtained at a final temperature of 700℃ and a heating rate of 20℃/min for the SBR and tire respectively.
초음파 에너지를 이용한 Polystyrene Latex 의 중합 특성
김형진,김원일,이승범,홍인권 ( Hyung Jin Kim,Won Il Kim,Seung Bum Lee,In Kwon Hong ) 한국공업화학회 1997 공업화학 Vol.8 No.6
Polystyrene latex를 제조하는 여러방법중에서 상업적으로는 유화중합기술이 가장 많이 사용되고 있다. 유화중합에서 사용되는 화학 개시제가 환경오염 유발의 원인이 될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 고분자 중합 방법도 전통적 기술을 벗어나는 다양한 공정의 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 화학 개시제를 초음파 에너지 효과로 대체하여 초음파 조사시에 나타나는 공동현상에 의한 자유 라디칼(free radical)을 생성시켜 polystyrene latex를 제조하였다. 제조된 polystyrene latex를 GPC로 분석한 결과 초음파 조사시간이 증가할수록 평균분자량은 증가하였으며 분산도는 감소하였다. 또한 계면활성제로 사용된 sodium dodeccl sulfate(SDS)의 농도가 증가할수록 중합도는 증가하였으며, SDS의 농도가 전체의 2wt.%이고 반응온도가 40℃ 일때 중합도는 2.43×10⁴으로 최대값을 나타내었다. 중합이 진행되는 동안 해중합이 동시에 발생 하므로 평균분자량은 증가와 감소를 반복하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 초음파 조사시간과 계면활성제의 농도를 조절하므로써 분자량이 조절된 좁은 분자량 분포의 polystyrene latex를 제조할 수 있었다. There are many methods to synthesize polystyrene latex. Emulsion polymerization technique is commonly used commercially, but it requires a new technology to replace a traditional polymerization method because of the disadvantage of chemical initiator for environmental pollution. Since free radicals can be produced by ultrasound energy effect, polystyrene latex was synthesized using ultrasound energy instead of chemical initiator. As the ultrasonic irradiation time was increased, average molecular weight was increased and polydispersity was decreased. The degree of polymerization was increased with the concentration of SDS and maximum degree of polymerization was shown at 2 wt.% SDS concentration and the reaction temperature of 40℃. During the course of polymerization, molecular weight was repeatedly fluctuated because of occurrence of depolymerization. Narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene latex having controlled molecular weight was synthesized by controlling ultrasonic irradiation time and the concentration of SDS.