중세 서유럽의 무슬림 인식 : 무관심과 적대감 , 그리고 이해와 공존 Hostility and Understanding - Co - existence

이종경 한국서양사학회 2001 西洋史論 Vol.70 No.1

The existence of Islam was the most far-reaching problem in medieval Christendom. During the centuries between about 650 and 1500 the medieval perceptions of Muslim and the Islamic world underwent the significant changes. This study aims to trace the changing views of Muslims and to find out the diverse relationships between western Christians and their Muslim counterparts. In the age before the millenium, which may be called 'the Age of Indifference and Ignorance' in the history of western views of Islam, Islam was hardly visible as an intellectually identifiable fact in Western minds. Westerners showed little interest in Muslim and their religion. They were fleeing from the problem of Islam, without knowing what it was they were fleeing from. The relationship between Christendom and Islam changed abruptly with a series of Crusade which lasted more than 200 years. Now that the existence of Muslims changed from "potential" enemies to the "hot" enemies to be defeated at the war fields, westerners could no longer ignore the existence of Muslims and evade the problem of Islam. Islam and their founder, Mahomet for the first time became familiar concepts in the West. From the wake of a series of the crusades two distinct attitudes toward Muslims and their religion emerged. On the one hand, westerners showed great hostility towards their religion and disparaged Muslims as idolaters. And when the crusades dragged on and the conditions got worse, they used war-time propaganda to legitimize the war, and to motivate westerners to participate in them. On the other hand, rational views of Islam began to emerge in the early twelfth century. And critical spirits of inquiry to find out the nature of Islam gained forces even during the crusades. For example, the abbot of Cluny, Peter the Venerable set out to obtain authoritative texts for getting proper understanding of Islam. With the translation of Korean and relevant materials, the West had for the first time an instrument for the serious study of Islam. There is no denying the fact that Islam was western Christendom's greatest problem during the Middle Ages. But the important thing we have to remember is that the West was engaged with the Muslim world in countless ways. The violent conflicts such as crusades and Reconquista were only part of the story. Even though they gave rise to the hostility towards Muslims, there was nearly always an undercurrent of conflicting viewpoints that helped to ameliorate the relationships between westerners and Muslim. In the real world where westerners lived side by side with Muslims, the main progress in comprehension was made. They came to realize that the enemies of God who had appeared to at first like devils were human beings like themselves. These kinds of experiences gave birth to the spirit of tolerance and understanding. (Ewha Womans University)

Consumer Hygiene Practices Regarding the Use of Home Refrigerators to Store Meat in the Capital Area of Korea

이종경,김은해,이민아 한국축산식품학회 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Food hygiene practices must be maintained from farm to table in order to prevent contamination by microorganisms. This study was conducted to investigate consumer hygiene practices related to the refrigerator storage of meat, including a micro-bial analysis, monitoring of refrigerator temperatures and consumer surveys of female homeowners in the capital area of Korea. Home refrigerator temperatures were maintained above 5o C in 26 (19.7%) of the 132 houses investigated. The per-centage of the refrigerators with a total microbial count over 102CFU/100 cm2was 14.4%. No E. coli, Salmonella spp. or Listeria monocytogenes microbes were detected. However, Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 14 houses (10.6%). The only statistically significant difference in hygiene practices between the non-contamination group and contamination group was in the last time of refrigerator cleaning (p<0.01), as determined by the consumer survey. To improve food hygiene when using a refrigerator, raw materials must be packaged, meat should be stored only on a designated shelf, and cooked foods must be contained to prevent cross-contamination. The refrigerator should be cleaned regularly, at least once a month, and refrigerator thermometers should be monitored below 5o C in order to keep food safe.

제외국 식중독균 위해관리 정책 비교 연구

이종경,신성균,곽노성,조윤희,곽효선,박일규 한국식품위생안전성학회 2014 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.29 No.1

This study was performed to acquire the information on the foodborne pathogen risk managementprograms in a couple of developed countries by the expert meeting and searching the information on the web. Thebackgrounds, strategies and effects related to microbial hazards of the foodborne pathogen reduction programs infresh produce (US), Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef (US), Salmonella in chicken, pork and eggs (Denmark),and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood (Japan) were investigated for case study. A comparison among the pathogenreduction programs was conducted to find advantages and disadvantages and implications of the policies to bring outimplications of the programs. A model for foodborne pathogen reduction program was developed based on both theCODEX risk management scheme and the case studies as follows; 1) preliminary risk management activities, 2) planinga foodborne pathogen reduction program, 3) option identification and selection, 4) implementation (conductingthe each stake-holders role and applying the intervention methods), 5) monitoring activities, 6) interim review, 7) continuationor amendment of implementation method by the interim review before achieving the goal, and 8) finalreview and additional cost-benefit analysis if necessary. This proposed model according to the role of the stake-holderscan be used to conduct microbial risk management programs in Korea in the near future.

최근 학술 정보

이종경 한국식품위생안전성학회 2010 Safe Food Vol.5 No.1

최근학술정보 (제4권 제4호)

이종경 한국식품위생안전성학회 2009 Safe Food Vol.4 No.4

위암 수술 환자의 퇴원 간호요구

이종경,이미순 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the discharge nursing needs of patients who received gastrectomy. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 100 patients who had gastric surgery in 4 university hospitals in chungnam province. The instrument for this study was developed by the researcher based on literature through in-depth interviews. Data was collected from October 4 to October 30, 2000. Result: The results were as follows: Discharge nursing needs were classified in 8 main categories. The 8 categories were 'emotional and spiritual support', 'nutrition and diet control', 'medication', 'treatment planning and follow up care', 'activity level', 'symptom management' 'health seeking behavior' and 'social support'. The total mean score for nursing needs was 3.89. 'Nutrition and diet control' was the highest degree of nursing needs and 'activity level' was the lowest degree of nursing needs. There were significant differences in degrees of nursing needs between different ages(F=2.74, p=.048), level of education(F=2.91, p=.038) and period since diagnosis(F=4.46, p=.037). Conclusion: This study looked at 8 categories of discharge nursing needs. Patients identified 'nutrition and diet control' as the highest need and 'activity level' as the lowest need. Further research needs to be done to identify discharge educational needs for various age groups, educational level and for patients with varing lengths of diagnosis time to surgery.

Ka-대역 직교모드변환기 설계

이종경,채범용,박동희,안병철 한국전자파학회 2004 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.15 No.1

본 논문에서는 21/31 GHz 대역 직교모드변환기의 설계 기법을 제시하였다. 공용포트에는 8.38${\times}$8.38 mm의 정사각형 도파관을 사용하였으며 직선포트에는 WR-34표준 사각형 도파관을 사용하였다. 직선포트는 다단 λ/4 임피던스변환기로 공용포트에 연결하였다. 측면포트는 공용도파관 중심선 상의 슬롯에 의해 공용포트와 결합되며 슬롯과 측면포트의 WR-51 표준 사각형 도파관 사이에 임피던스 정합구조를 사용하였다. 위와 같은 구조의 직교모드변환기를 도파관 이론에 기초한 반복설계에 의해 최적화하였다. 설계된 직교모드변환기를 제작, 측정하여 설계기법의 타당성을 확인하였다. In this paper, a method is presented for the design of an orthomode transducer(OMT) operating at 21/31GHz frequency bands. A square waveguide is used in the common port while the WR-34 standard rectangular waveguide is used in the straight port. The straight port is connected to the common port via a multi-stage quarter-wave impedance transformer. The side port is coupled to the common port through a slot formed along the center line of the common square waveguide. An impedance transformer is employed to match the impedance of the coupling slot with that of the WR-51 waveguide at the output of the side port. Dimensions of the OMT are iteratively optimized employing the theory of waveguide. The validity of the proposed method is verified by fabricating and testing the designed orthomode transducer.

실업배구 프로화에 관한 조사연구

이종경 경기대학교연구교류처 1997 論文集 Vol.41 No.1-2

배구경기에서 승패에 영향을 미치는 기술적 요인 분석

이종경 경기대학교연구교류처 1997 論文集 Vol.39 No.1

최근 학술 정보

이종경 한국식품위생안전성학회 2010 Safe Food Vol.5 No.2