한국의 유럽정책 방향

이상균 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략연구 Vol.5 No.3

Korea and the European Union(EU) have been trading partners for a few decades since 1960s. Nevertheless, only very recently has bilateral cooperation risen high on the agenda of Korea-EU trade diplomacy. It is still true for both that economic relations with the U.S. and Japan are more important than with each other. Fortunately, recent circumstances have favored the promotion of Korea-ED cooperation. It seems timely that the EU Council of Ministers for the first time approved, on June 8 1993, a communication on ''Relations between the ED and Korea: Towards a Growing Partnership". In this report, the Council recognized that the level of exchanges with Korea should be further be developed in order to reflect the importance of both sides in new world order. The Council also expressed that cooperation between the ED and Korea should go hand in hand with the overall development of bilateral trade and economic relations. Since 1990s, in terms of trade and investment, the ED has been more successful in penetrating the Korean market than the U.S. and Japan. This reflects its comparative advantage and benefits from the progressive opening of the Korean market. In particular, the ED has dynamically increased its exports to Korea in passenger cars, machinery and textile products. On the other hand, Korea enjoyed its performance in the EU market until 1988, after which Korean competitiveness suddenly dropped, with the exeption of some products such as motor vehicles, semi-conductors, and general machinery. This means that Korea is in process of restructuring of its exports toward heavy and chemical industry goods. However, the environment for Korea-EU economic cooperation has recently become favorable due to the fact that both Korea and the EU recognize the need for the expansion of economic cooperation while the necessary cooperative framework is being established. Moreover, with the first summit of the Asia-Eurpe Meeting(ASEM) in Bangkok in March of 1996, a new equal partnership between Asia and Europe has begun. Leaders of Asia and Europe met in Bangkok and London in 1998 to improve the understanding between the two regions and accelerate the already expanding economic and political cooperation of two continents. Korea's hosting of the third ASEM summit meeting in Seoul in 2000 will provide a unique opportunity for Korea to foster better relations with EU. As a part of Korea's unique leadership, Korea has also proposed the idea of the Asia-Europe Vision Group which will chart the future course of ASEM. Korea's unique position arises from the fact that Korean economy is undergoing transformation from developing to a developed economy. ASEM approaches the problem of bridging the weak economic link between Asia and Europe by enhancing shared understanding of each other. There is still a long way to go before ASEM could become a locomotive of trade and investment liberalization. However, ASEM could still provide forums for mutual networking between various facets of society in Asia and Europe and provide forums for bringing consensus on contentious issues between Asia and Europe. Korea's contribution to the growth of ASEM process will facilitate better relations between Korea and ED. Cultural misconceptions in Europe about Korea and those in Korea about Europe all undermine development of good relationship between two sides. Korea can play an effective role of moderator in difficult discussions which will be brought at ASEM. In the process, Korea's cooperation with EU will be enhanced.

Thermal desorption spectroscopy study on Si(100) during chemical treatments

이상균,이규장,홍승수,신용현,정광화 한국진공학회 1997 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

중세 유럽의 T-O 지도 유형과 아르메니아 T-O 지도의 특징

이상균,남영우 한국지도학회 2017 한국지도학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Medieval world map, called conventionally as T-O Map or O-T map, is less a map than an image of Christian world view in Medieval Europe. In this article, we explore some cartographic characters of T-O Map by looking at the origin and pattern in the making of T-O Map. Special focus is not only on who produced non-Armenian T-O Map in what manner and when it was produced in Armenian language, but also how to categorize the Armenian T-O Map in the typology of cartographic products. As a conclusion, it can be said that T in T-O Map was derived from Tau Cross and the Armenian T-O Map was made by an Armenian from Kāfā(Caffa) in late fourteenth century. And, this research also finds that the Armenian T-O Map had still more detailed and realistic, far from abstract or ideational, descriptions of Jerusalem than the typical Western T-O Map produced by Mappa Mundi. T-O 지도 혹은 O-T 지도라 불리는 중세의 세계지도는 지도라기보다는 중세유럽의 기독교도들이 인식하고 있던 세계관의이미지 그 자체였다. 본 연구는 T-O 지도의 유래와 유형화를 시도하고, 어떻게 非아르메니아 풍의 지도가 누구에 의해 제작되었으며, 언제 T-O형 지도가 아르메니아어로 제작되어 아르메니아에 존재했는지 규명함과 동시에 어떤 유형의 T-O 지도로 자리매김할수 있는지 지도학적 특징을 고찰하는 데 목적이 있다. 그 결과, T-O 지도의 T는 아시아를 동쪽 상단에 배치하기 위해 고안되었거나타우(Tau) 십자가에서 기원한 것으로 추정되며, 아르메니아 T-O 지도는 14세기 후반 카파 출신의 아르메니아 인에 의해 제작된지도임이 밝혀졌다. 또한 이 지도는 서구의 마파 문디의 T-O 지도와 달리 예루살렘이 상세히 묘사되어 있고 비교적 사실에 가깝게제작된 지도임이 규명되었다.

강릉 사마소의 운영과 관리주체의 변동

이상균(李相均) 한국국학진흥원 2019 국학연구 Vol.0 No.40

강릉에는 강원도 내에 유일하게 남아있는 사마소 유적이 있다. 강릉 사마소는 읍치인 옥천동玉川洞에 처음 설립되었다가 현 자리인 화부산花浮山 기슭으로 이설되고 흥폐를 거듭했다. 1810년 중수 후 당호를 ‘연행당讌杏堂’이라 했다. 1907년 후손들이 사마소 유지를 위해 중수하고 당호를 ‘계련당桂蓮堂’으로 변경했다. 사마소는 사마계에서 운영해 왔다. 과거제 폐지로 사마소 기능이 유명무실해진 이후에도 사마계원들은 사마소 재산의 기득권을 보장받고자 생전까지 계를 유지하려 했다. 그러나 사마계 후손들이 사마소 관리에 참여하여 그 후예임을 인정받고, 선조가 증식해 놓은 사마소 재산 유지와 관리 등을 위해 1906년 모선계를 결성한다. 이때 사마계원들은 사마소 재산의 처분을 시도했고, 모선계원들이 저지함으로써 양측의 분규가 일었다. 분규는 사마계원들에 의해 대부분의 사마소 재산이 처분되는 1930년경에 종식되며, 사마계원도 대부분 사망하여 사마계는 유야무야 되었다. 모선계에서는 사마소의 유지를 위해 사마계원들이 처분한 재산을 다시 사들였다. 이로써 사마소 관리주체가 모선계로 완전히 변동되어 지금에 이른다. There were Gyeryeonldang(桂蓮堂) of Samaso remains in the Gangneung. It is only samaso in the Gangwon-do. The period of making it was unknown but it was about 16C(Jung Jong (中宗) period) as finding sama-exam pass present condition. Originally it was established in a town of Okchen-dong and relocated Mt. Hwabu foot and was renovated. In 1766 Samadang was repaired and the name was Yeonhaengdang(讌杏堂) in 1810. Although past system was reformed in 1894(Kabo reform) descendant had a purpose of maintaining it and the name was Gyeryeonldang in 1907. Moseongye which was organized by descendant extensively repaired the Gyeryeondang from 1933 to 1935. Samaso in Gangneung was managed by Samagy. There were no Samagy documents but main members were region gentry from successful candidate of sama-exam and many successful candidates in another region also participated in Samaso. Although the function of Samaso was nominal after Kabo reform(1894) members tried to guarantee vasted rights of property of samaso. In 1930 Samagy was noncommittal because Samaso in Gangneung was managed by Samagy. There were no Samagy documents but main members were region gentry from successful candidate of sama-exam and many successful candidates in another region also participated in Samaso. Although the function of Samaso was nominal after Kabo reform(1894) members tried to guarantee vasted rights of property of samaso. In 1930 Samagy was noncommittal because most members were dead and the dispute of property in Samaso was ended. In order to maintaining the property in Samaso and recognizing as descendant, descendant organized Moseongye and participating in managing Samaso(region gentry association) in 1906. However, they did not participate in Samagy. In this situation, Samagy tried to sell property of coming down from Samaso and Moseongye opposed it. It was dispute about Samaso property between Samagy and Moseongye. Duspute continues until 1930, they had not been able to reach an agreement. As a result, most properties were sold by Samagy the dispute was ended. However, Moseongye increased property in order to maintain Samaso and bought the site of Gyeryeonldang. This means management authority of Samaso is Moseongye and their efforts made maintain historic meaning and status of remains of Samaso until now. However, the dispute between Samagy and Moseongye shows the severance of historic correlation between Samagy and Samaso.

Outgassing rate of TiN and BN thin film coating on stainless steel

이상균,신용현,임종연,홍승수,정광화,권오진,정재인 한국진공학회 1998 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

The Microstructure of h - BN thin film on Si(100) by IBAD

이상균,신용현,임종연,홍승수,정광화,정재인 한국진공학회 1999 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

프로젝트 기반 STEAM 프로그램 개발 및 적용 효과

이상균,이하룡 대한지구과학교육학회 2013 대한지구과학교육학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the Project based STEAM program on primary students' Problem solving process and creative personality. Based on the concept of project based learning and STEAM derived from a literature review, a learning program has been developed and applied to 28 elementary 4-6th students. Problem Solving Process and Creative personality tests were conducted before and after Project based STEAM program lessons. The results of this study are as follows. (1)Project-based STEAM was affected all components of problem solving process. (2) Project-based STEAM was affected all eight components of creative personality positively, (3) after using Project-based STEAM was good reaction by students. As a result, the elementary science class with Project-based STEAM had problem solving process for positive educational effect and creative personality. it means the science class with creative personality has potential possibilities and value to develop problem solving process and creative personality.

초등예비교사들의 실험설계활동에 나타난 특성 분석

이상균,김순식 대한지구과학교육학회 2014 대한지구과학교육학회지 Vol.7 No.3

The purpose of the research was to analyze the characteristics which appeared to the process of designing experiment for pre-service elementary teachers. This study were participated 26 pre-service elementary teachers. The findings indicated that first, the researcher figured out the process elements could constructed in 12 elements such as ‘states problem or question, predicts outcome or hypothesizes, lists materials needed, arranges steps in sequential order, lists more than 3 steps, Explore variables and select one or more variables, plans to control variables, plans to measure and observation, plans data collection, plans to repeat testing and tells reason, states plan for interpreting data, states plan for making conclusion based on data, states plan for making conclusion based on data’ but did not figure out 2 elements such as 'defines the terms of the experiment, practice safety'. second, the characteristics of pre-service elementary teachers in the process of designing experiment were as follows; pre-service elementary teachers designed experiments unstructured process listed types and showed the superficial level of the design experiment. The results show that the programs of designing experiment activity should be constructed with the process elements which were concentrated by pre-service elementary teachers, should provide feedbacks to design experiment more accurately.

유휴산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간의 지속운영 가능한 재생 방향 연구 -산업단지 및 폐산업시설 문화재생사업 대상지 중심으로-

이상균,이금진 한국공간디자인학회 2019 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.7

(Background and Purpose) According to the paradigm shift in the industry existing industrial facilities are malfunctioning, and they are left idle industrial facilities emerged. The neglected idle industrial facilities have been reduced to local hate facilities that degrade the city's landscape and cause urban degradation. However, idle industrial facilities are of non-physical value, not only in physical form but also as assets that played an important role in the economic and sociocultural era of the industrial age. In addition, with the increasing interest in modern people's experiential art culture education and the utilization of idle industrial facilities, the 'The Culture Regeneration Business in Industrial Complex and Abandoned Industrial Facilities' is being promoted. The Cultural Regeneration Business aims to recreate the idle space as a place of social value through communication between culture, art, and community, and to expand cultural enjoyment to residents, workers and local artists and revitalize the region. However, there are cases in which regeneration cases with industrial asset value return to idle facilities due to lack of professionalism in operation, lack of will of the operator, and diversity of programs. In this study, we will explore ways to successfully build a social platform centered on a sustainable creative culture that utilizes idle industrial facilities. Investigate the propulsion system and current status of regeneration project sites to derive uniqueness of programs and spaces between each case, and comprehensively analyze and suggest the direction of regeneration that can be operated even after project support. (Method) Through prior research, the concept of a complex cultural space utilizing idle industrial facilities and the value of regeneration are synthesized. Analyze the spatial characteristics of prior research and cases to analyze the characteristics of programs and spaces that affect the sustainability of complex cultural spaces. Cases are classified and analyzed by programs affecting sustainability at ‘The Culture Regeneration Business in Industrial Complex and Abandoned Industrial Facilities.’ (Results) A total of 10 sites were classified into three program characteristics (resident artist support program, commercial facilities, exhibition and education) that affect the sustainability of the complex cultural space. Cases involving both resident and commercial facilities have become stable operations even after the project is completed. (Conclusions) It is important that the renovation process is carried out in stages from the pilot operation program in order to enable the continuous operation of the complex cultural space utilizing idle industrial facilities. After the opening, the residency program will provide professional experiences and educational opportunities, and it should be reborn as a complex cultural space with self-sustainability as a commercial facility. (연구배경 및 목적) 산업발전에 패러다임 변화에 따라 기존 산업시설들이 기능을 상실하고 방치되어 유휴산업시설들이 생겨났다. 방치된 유휴산업시설들은 도시의 경관을 저하하고, 도시쇠퇴를 유발하는 지역혐오시설로 전락하였다. 하지만 유휴산업시설은 물리적 형태뿐만 아니라 산업화시대의 경제적사회문화적으로 중요한 역할을 하던 자산으로 비물리적 가치가 있다. 이와 함께 현대인들의 체험형 예술문화교육과 유휴산업시설의 활용방안에 대한 관심의 증가로 지역 재활성화를 목표로 ‘산업단지 및 폐산업시설 문화재생 사업’이 진행되고 있다. 문화재생사업은 유휴공간을 문화와 예술, 지역사회의 소통을 통해 사회적 가치를 가진 공간으로 재창조하고 주민, 근로자, 지역 예술인에 문화향유 확대 및 지역활성화를 목적으로 한다. 하지만 산업자산의 가치를 갖는 재생사례들이 사업지원이 이후 운영의 전문성 결여, 운영주체의 의지 부족, 프로그램 다양성 등의 문제로 다시 유휴시설로 되돌아가는 사례들이 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유휴산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간이 지속운영 가능한 창의문화 중심의 사회적 플랫폼 구축의 성공적인 결과를 이끌어내기 위한 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 재생사업대상지들의 추진체계 및 현황을 조사하여 각 사례 간 프로그램 및 공간의 특이점을 도출하고 종합 분석하여 사업지원 이후에도 지속운영 가능한 재생의 방향성을 제안하도록 한다. (연구방법) 선행연구를 통해 유휴산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간의 개념과 재생가치를 종합한다. 선행연구 및 사례의 공간특성을 분석하여 복합문화공간의 지속운영 가능성에 영향을 미치는 프로그램과 공간의 특성을 분석한다. ‘산업단지 및 폐산업시설 문화재생사업’대상지를 지속가능성에 영향을 미치는 프로그램별로 사례를 분류하여 분석한다. (결과) 총 10곳의 대상지를 복합문화공간의 지속운영 가능성에 영향을 미치는 3가지 프로그램특성(입주작가 지원공간, 상업시설, 전시교육)으로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 입주작가 지원프로그램 및 상업시설을 겸비한 사례가 사업이 끝난 후에도 안정적 운영이 되고 있다. (결론) 유휴산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간이 지속운영 가능하기 위해서는 시범운영 프로그램부터 리노베이션 과정이 단계적으로 이루어지는 것이 중요하다. 개관 후에는 입주작가 프로그램으로 전문적인 체험교육의 기회를 제공하고 상업시설로 자생력을 갖춘 복합문화공간으로 거듭나야 할 것이다.

충남-산동 유교 문화교류의 실천방안 모색

이상균 충청남도역사문화연구원 2016 충청학과 충청문화 Vol.22 No.1