Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer

변상준(Sang Jun Byun),김진희(Jin Hee Kim),김옥배(Ok Bae Kim),송홍석(Hong Suk Song) 대한방사선종양학회 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.1

목 적: 국소적으로 진행된 식도암에서 동시항암화학요법 후 국소제어, 생존율, 예후인자 및 실패양상에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 6월부터 2008년 8월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원에서 국소적으로 진행된 식도암으로 진단받은 후, 근치적 목적의 동시항암화학방사선치료를 시행 받은 50명 중 추적검사가 이루어지지 않은 2명과 적절한 추적검사가 이루어지지 않아 치료의 효과를 판정할 수 없는 5명은 제외한 43명을 대상으로 하였다. 성별 구성은 남성 39명, 여성 4명이었고 연령분포는 43세에서 78세(중앙값, 63세), TNM 병기는 IIA기 7명(16.3%), III기 36명(83.7%) 이었다. 방사선치료는 1.8 Gy씩 1일 1회, 주 5회로 방사선을 46∼63 Gy (평균, 54 Gy)의 외부방사선을 조사하였다. 선행항암화학요법을 시행 받은 환자는 8명이었고 동시항암화학치료는 주로 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin을 3회 사용하였다. 추적관찰 기간은 2개월에서 82개월로 중앙값이 15.5개월이었다. 결 과: 전체환자 43명 중에서 완전 관해는 9명(20.9%), 부분 관해는 23명(53.5%), 무반응 9명(20.9%), 진행이 2명 (4.7%)이었다. 전체 환자의 중앙생존기간은 15개월이었고, 2년 및 5년 전체생존율은 36.5%, 17.3%이었으며, 2년 및 5년 무병생존율은 각각 32.4%, 16%였다. 43명의 환자 중에서 22명(51.2%)에서 치료 실패를 보였고, 치료 실패 양상으로는 국소 재발 및 진행이 18명(41.9%), 원격전이가 4명(9.3%)이었다. 전체생존율 및 무병생존율에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대한 단변량분석상 항암화학방사선치료 시의 혈색소 수치(≥12 vs. <12, p=0.02/p=0.1)와 치료에 대한 반응 여부(완전관해 및 부분관해 vs. 무반응 및 병의 진행, p=0.002/p<0.0001)가 통계적으로 유의한 인자였다. 다변량분석에서는 치료에 대한 반응 여부만이 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 환자의 나이, 성별, 병기, 흡연의 과거력, 식도 내 종양의 위치 및 선행항암화학요법의 유무에 따른 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론: 국소적으로 진행된 식도암의 동시 항암화학방사선치료 후 생존율은 다른 연구들과 유사한 수준이며 주된 재발 양상은 국소 재발이었다. 그러므로, 국소제어율을 향상시키기 위한 추가적인 연구가 향후 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the results of local control, survival rate, prognostic factors, and failure pattern in locally advanced esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied 50 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center from June of 1999 to August of 2008. Seven patients with inappropriate data were excluded, and 43 patients were analyzed. There were 39 males and four female patients ranging in age from 43 to 78 years (median, 63 years). There were seven patients with stage IIA and 36 with stage III. Irradiation from 46 Gy to 63 Gy (median, 54 Gy) was carried out 5 days per week, 1.8 Gy once a day. There were eight patients with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, and we mostly used 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin with 3 cycles for concurrent chemotherapy. The range of follow up periods was from 2 to 82 months (median, 15.5). Results: There were nine patients that exhibited a complete response, 23 that exhibited a partial response, 9 that exhibited no response, and 2 that exhibited disease progression. The median survival time was 15 months. Two-year and 5-year survival rates were 36.5% and 17.3%, respectively. Two-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 32.4% and 16%, respectively. Treatment failure occurred in 22 patients (51.2%). Patterns of failure were categorized as local failure in 18 patients and distant metastasis in four patients. In a univariate analysis for prognostic factors related to overall survival and disease-free survival, the hemoglobin levels during chemoradiotherapy (≥12 vs. <12, p=0.02/p=0.1) and the response to the treatments (CR/PR vs. NR/PD, p=0.002/p<0.0001) were statistically significant. In a multivariate analysis, only response to the treatments was revealed to be statistically significant. There was no statistical significance associated with patient age, gender, disease stage, T-stage, smoking history, tumor location, or neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: Our survival rate was similar to those of other institutions. Local recurrence was the main reason for failure. It is suggested that further prospective studies should be performed to improve local control.

Metachronous Lynch Syndrome I

이상인(Sang In Lee),문성수(Sung Soo Moon),변상준(Sang Jun Byun),배무현(Mu Hyun Bae),김종훈(Jong Hun Kim),정미혜(Mi Hae Jung),나산균(San Kyun Nah),조성락(Sung Lak Cho) 대한소화기학회 1993 대한소화기학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Lynch syndrome I is rare hereditary disease characterized by appearance, early in life, of multiple and primary cancer in the colon and rectum. This syndnome appears to be inherited in autosomal dominant f ashion with lack of antecedent polyposis. Individual with Lynch syndrome .I has a high risk of second carcinoma either synchronous or metachronous. So, it is noted that careful follow up as well as early diagnosis and managernnit is very important. We reported a case of metachronous Lynch Syndrome I with review of the literatures.

Long-term Results of Breast-conserving Surgery and Radiation Therapy in Early Breast Cancer

Jin Hee Kim(김진희),Sang Jun Byun(변상준) 대한방사선종양학회 2009 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.27 No.3

목 적: 초기 유방암에서 유방 보존 수술과 방사선치료 후 실패양상과 생존율 및 미용효과를 알아보고자 하였다.대상 및 방법: 1992년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원에서 유방보존수술과 방사선치료를 받은 초기 유방암환자 154명을 대상으로 하였다. TNM 병기는 1기 90명, IIa기 50명, IIb기 11명이었다. 모든 환자는 유방의 부분절제술과 동측 액와림프절 곽청술을 시행하고 방사선치료를 하였다. 유방의 방사선치료는 동측 전체 유방에 6 MV 광자선으로 50∼54 Gy를 5주에서 6주간에 조사하였고 원발병소에 추가 방사선은 전자선으로 10∼16 Gy를 조사하였다. 항암화학요법은 75명에서 방사선치료 전후에 시행하였고 호르몬치료는 92명에서 Tamoxifen을 사용하였다. 추적관찰기간은 13개월에서 179개월로 중앙값이 92.5개월이었다. 결 과: 전체환자의 5년, 10년 생존율은 97.3%, 94.5%이었다. 5년, 10년 무병생존율은 92.5%, 88.9%이었고 구제치료후 5년, 10년 무병생존율은 93.9%, 90.2%이었다. 다변량 분석상 수술 후 방사선치료까지의 기간이(≤6 weeks vs. >6 weeks, p=0.017) 무병생존율에 있어서 통계적으로 유의한 예후 인자였다. 주된 실패양상은 원격전이였고 다발성으로 치료 후 중앙값 55.5개월에 전이를 하였다. 원격전이의 호발부위는 폐였다. 미용결과는 80.7% 에서 좋음에서 매우 좋음으로 나타났다. 결 론: 초기 유방암에서 유방보존수술과 방사선치료는 우수한 생존율과 미용결과를 보인다고 생각된다. 또한 유방 보존수술 후 방사선치료는 가능한 한 빨리, 6주 이내에 시행되는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate the long-term results after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy in early breast cancer in terms of failure, survival, and cosmesis. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty-four patients with stage I and II breast cancer were treated with conservative surgery plus radiotherapy between January 1992 and December 2002 at the Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center. According to TNM stage, 93 patients were stage I, 50 were IIa, and 11 were IIb. Theaffected breasts were irradiated with 6 MV photons to 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions over 5.5 weeks with a boost irradiation dose of 10∼16 Gy to the excision site. Chemotherapy was administered in 75 patients and hormonal therapy in 92 patients with tamoxifen. Follow-up periods were 13∼179 months, with a median of 92.5 months.Results: The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 97.3% and 94.5%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year disease-free survival (5YDFS and 10YDFS, respectively) rates were 92.5% and 88.9%, respectively; the ultimate 5YDFS and 10YDFS rates after salvage treatment were 93.9% and 90.2%, respectively. Based on multivariate analysis, only the interval between surgery and radiation therapy (≤6 weeks vs. >6 weeks, p=0.017) was a statistically significant prognostic factor for DFS. The major type of treatment failure was distant failure (78.5%) and the most common distant metastatic site was the lungs. The cosmetic results were good-to-excellent in 96 patients (80.7%). Conclusion: Conservative surgery and radiation for early stage invasive breast cancer yielded excellent survival and cosmetic results. Radiation therapy should be started as soon as possible after breast-conserving surgery in patients with early breast cancer, ideally within 6 weeks.

방사선치료를 시행한 전이성 안구암 1예

김옥배(Ok Bae Kim),변상준(Sang Jun Byun),김광수(Kwang Soo Kim),이호준(Ho Jun Lee),김진희(Jin Hee Kim) 대한방사선종양학회 2009 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.27 No.3

안구의 전이암은 안구의 악성 종양 중에서 가장 흔한 암이다. 많게는 암으로 인해 사망한 환자의 약 12%에서 안구의 전이가 보고되며, 암 환자의 생존 기간이 늘어남에 따라 안구로의 전이 가능성 또한 증가할 것으로 추정된다. 안구 전이는 실명과 같은 심각한 임상적 증상을 야기할 수 있으며, 조기 발견과 치료를 통해 시력을 보존하고 삶의질을 최대화 할 수 있으나, 암 환자에 있어 안구 전이의 중요성은 비교적 낮게 평가되고 있다. 안구 전이에 대한 방사선치료는 국소치료이므로 전신적인 부작용이 없으며, 치료에 대한 반응이 조기에 나타나므로 실명 위기에 있는 안구 전이 환자에게 효과적인 치료법이 될 수 있다. Intraocular metastasis is the most common malignancy of the eye. The frequency of intraocular metastasis in all the patients dying of cancer is about 12% and ocular metastases will be detected more frequently in the future because the patients with malignant tumor are now living longer. Intraocular metastasis can cause a serious clinical problem such as blindness. The early recognition and treatment of intraocular metastasis are very important clinical oncologic issues to maintain vision and to maximize the quality of life. However, significance of intraocular metastasis is still under-evaluated for practicing oncologists. External beam radiotherapy is a safe, effective palliative treatment in terms of preserving both the vision and the eye globe.

Keygas 진단 기준과 뉴로-퍼지모델을 이용한 유입변압기 상태 진단

임재윤(Jae-Yoon Lim),변상준(Sang-Jun Byun),정기철(Kee-Chull Chung),지평식(Pyeong-Shik Ji),주병수(Byoung-soo Joo) 대한전기학회 2016 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

초기 성문암의 방사선치료: 장기 추적결과

김진희(Jin Hee Kim),변상준(Sang Jun Byun) 대한방사선종양학회 2009 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.27 No.1

목 적: 초기성문암에서 근치적 방사선치료는 성대를 보전하면서 완치할 수 있다. 저자들은 초기 성문암에서 방사선 치료 후 재발양상, 장기생존율 및 음성보존율을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1988년 2월부터 2003년 12월까지 계명대학교 방사선종양학과에서 초기(1, 2기) 성문부의 편평상피암으로 진단되어 방사선치료를 받은 환자 70명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자의 연령분포는 39세에서 79세로 중앙값 63세이며 병리학적으로 모두 편평상피암이었다. 병기로는 1기가 58명, 2기가 12명이었으며 남자가 67명으로 대부분을 차지하였다. 방사선치료선량은 하루 1.8∼2.2 Gy 분할선량으로 총방사선량은 54∼70.2 Gy로 병기 1기에는 중앙값 60 Gy, 2기에는 중앙값 66 Gy를 조사하였다. 추적관찰기간은 13개월에서 180개월로 중앙값이 77.5개월이었다. 생존율은 Kaplan Meier법을 사용하였으며 Log Rank법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 두 군 간의 비교는 Chi- square법을 이용하였다. 결 과: 전체 환자에서 방사선치료 후 국소제어는 69명(98.5%)에서 되었으며 5년 생존율은 93.9%, 5년 무병생존율이 84.1%이었고 구제수술 후 5년 무병생존율은 92.8%로 1기는 93.1%, 2기는 91.7%이었다. 13명(18.5%)에서 국소재발을 하였으며 이 중 9명은 구제수술로 치료되었으며 4명은 재발을 진단받고 추적관찰이 되지 않았다. 방사선 치료 후 국소재발까지의 평균기간은 24개월(3∼69개월)이었다. 성문암으로 사망한 사람은 2명으로 폐, 뼈, 간의 전신전이로 각각 33, 71개월 후 사망하였고 9명은 성문암의 재발이나 전이 없이 다른 질환으로 평균 73개월 후 사망하였다. 방사선치료 후 심각한 만성 부작용은 없었다. 전체적으로 62명(88.5%)에서 음성을 보존할 수 있었다. 결 론: 초기 성문암에서 방사선치료는 효과적인 치료법이며 우수한 장기생존율과 음성보존율을 얻을 수 있으므로 우선적으로 고려되어야 할 치료법이다. Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate long-term results in terms of failure, survival and voice preservation after radiation therapy for early glottic cancer. Materials and Methods: From February 1988 to December 2003, 70 patients with early glottic cancer were treated with radiation therapy at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center. Patient age distribution was from 39 to 79 years, with a median age of 62 years. All patients had squamous cell carcinoma. According to the TNM stage, 58 patients had stage I disease, 12 patients had stage II disease; 67 patients were male. The laryngeal area was irradiated with the use of bilateral opposing fields with/without a wedge filter with 6 MV photons at a total dose of 54∼70.2 Gy in 1.8∼2.2 Gy fractions over 6∼8 weeks. We delivered a median radiation dose of 60 Gy for stage I patients and a median radiation dose of 66 Gy for stage II patients. Salvage surgery was performed in patients with local recurrence. The voice preservation rate was analyzed after all treatments including salvage surgery. Follow-up periods were from 13 to 180 months, with a median follow-up period of 77.5 months. The survival rate was analyzed by the use of the Kaplan Meier method and log rank test. A comparison of two groups was performed with the use of the chi-squared test. Results: The local control rate was 98.5% (69/70). The five-year-overall survival rate was 93.9%. The five-year disease free survival rate (5YDFS) was 84.1% and the 5YDFS after radiation and salvage surgery was 92.8%. According to stage, the 5YDFS was 93.1% and 91.7% for stage I and stage II respectively. Thirteen patients (18.5%) had local failure with 24 months of median time to local failure and nine patients received salvage surgery; however, four patients were lost to follow-up after a diagnosis of recurrence. Only two patients died due to a distant metastasis at 33 months and 71 months after radiation therapy, respectively. Nine patients died due to other diseases with a median time of 73 months. There were no severe acute or chronic complications after radiation therapy. Voice preservation was ultimately achieved in 88.5% (62/70) of patients. Conclusion: We considered that radiation therapy was effective and we achieved excellent survival and voice preservation in early laryngeal cancer. The use of radiation therapy should be the first choice for the treatment of early glottic cancer.

Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis

박승규(Seung Gyu Park),김진희(Jin Hee Kim),변상준(Sang Jun Byun),김옥배(Ok Bae Kim),황재석(Jae Seok Hwang),오영기(Young Kee Oh),최태진(Tae Jin Choi) 대한방사선종양학회 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.1

목 적: 간문맥종양혈전증을 동반한 간세포암에서 방사선 치료의 효과와 이에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 대해 알아보기 위하여 연구를 계획하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 12월부터 2009년 4월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원 방사선종양학과에서 간세포종양에 의한 간문맥 혈전부위에 방사선 치료를 받은 환자는 70명이었고 그 중 30 Gy 미만의 방사선 조사를 받은 19명의 환자와 간이식을 시행한 1명의 환자를 제외한 50명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 성별 구성은 남성이 45명, 여성이 5명이었고, 연령분포는 32세에서 79세(중앙값, 55세)이었다. 39명의 환자가 방사선 치료 전 간동맥 화학 색전술, 경피적 에탄올 주입술 등의 시술을 받았다. TNM 병기에 따른 분류는 III기 27명(54.0%), IV기 23명(46.0%)이었다. 방사선 치료는 총 조사선량 30∼54 Gy (중앙값, 45)의 외부방사선을 조사하였으며, 이 중 동시항암화학방사선 치료를 받은 환자는 30명(60.0%)이었다. 추적관찰기간은 3개월에서 70개월(중앙값, 13.5)이었다. 결 과: 방사선치료 시작부터 전체 환자의 중앙생존기간은 9개월이었고, 1년 생존률은 24.9%, 2년 생존률은 11.2% 이었다. 현재 무병생존은 3명(6.0%), 유병생존은 7명(14.0%), 질병악화로 인한 사망은 40명(80.0%)이었다. 생존율에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대한 단변량분석 상, 동시항암화학방사선 치료는 방사선치료 단독치료보다 낮은 생존율을 보였다(p=0.034). 방사선치료에 대한 종양의 반응(p=0.037), CLIP 병기(p=0.017), TNM 병기(p=0.041)가 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다. 방사선에 의한 간독성은 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론: 간문맥종양혈전을 동반한 간세포암에서 방사선치료는 안전하게 생존율의 향상을 얻을 수 있는 방법으로 생각된다. 향후 간문맥종양혈전을 동반한 간세포암에서 방사선치료의 역할을 알아보기 위한 무작위 전향적 임상연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiation therapy (RT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and to analyze the prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: From December 2004 to April 2009, 70 patients who had HCC with PVTT were treated with RT at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center. Nineteen patients whose total dose was below 30 Gyand one patient who underwent liver transplantation were excluded. The remaining 50 patients (45 males, 5females; median age 55 years) were analyzed. According to the LCSGJ TNM stage, there were 27 patients (54.0%) with stage III and 23 (46.0%) with stage IV. Total dose of 30∼54 Gy was administered (median 45). Thirty patients (60.0%) were treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). The median follow-up duration was from 13.5 months (range, 3 to 70 months). Results: The median survival time from the start of RT was 9 months. One-year and 2-year overall survival rates were 24.9% and 11.2%, respectively. At the follow-up time, three patients (6.0%) displayed no evidence of disease. Seven patients (14.0%) were alive with disease, and 40 (80.0%) patients had expired due to disease progression. CCRT was associated with worse survival than RT alone (p=0.034). Response to RT (p=0.037), CLIP stage (p=0.017), and TNM stage (p=0.041) were statistically significant prognostic factors. There was no radiation-induced liver disease. Conclusion: RT is an effective and safe modality for HCC with PVTT. Further studies such as prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm the role of RT for HCC with PVTT.

Young Adult 의 직장에 발생된 광범위한 혈관이형성증과 그로 인한 대량 출혈 1 예

배무현(Moo Hyun Bae),최세식(Se Sig Choi),이상인(Sang In Lee),변상준(Sang Jun Byun),김종훈(Jong Hun Kim),정미혜(Mee Hae Jung),최익수(Ik Soo Choi),김천환(Chun Hoan Kim),구호성(Ho Sung Koo),나산균(San Gyun Rha),조성락(Sung Rag Cho),지정희( 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.48 No.2

Angiodysplasia as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding is increasingly recognized with the advancement of diagnostic technique. Most cases of angiodysplasia occur in old age and their sizes rarely exceed a few millimeters in diameter. We experienced a case of bleeding angiodysplasia in the rectum of 22-year old woman. The lesion was located at the submucosa of nearly all the rectum. This patient had a history of repeated hematochezia for several years. Diagnosis could be done easily by the colonoscopy with biopsy only. This report summarized our case and review of literature.

합류 이상을 동반한 담관낭종 2 예

김순관(Soon Kwan Kim),문성수(Seong Soo Moon),최태룡(Tae Lyong Choi),이상인(Sang In Lee),변상준(Sang Jun Byun),최세식(Se Sig Choi),나산균(San Gyun Rha),조성락(Sung Rag Cho),허갑도(Gap Do Hur) 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.43 No.1

Choledochal cyst is a rare congenital malformation of the pancreaticobiliary system. Cystic dilatation of the biliary tree has been reported in many forms. The etiology is multifaceted and evidence of the existence of both acquired and congenital cyst is presented. The anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union (APBD) has received attention because of its importance in pathogenesis of the pancreaticobiliary disease. APBD is associated with congenital cystic dilatation of common bile duct and carcinoma of gall bladder. We report two cases of choledochal cyst combined with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union.

구인두 암에서 방사선 치료의 효과 ; 단일기관의 경험

최은철(Euncheol Choi),김옥배(Ok Bae Kim),오영기(Young Kee Oh),김미영(Mi Young Kim),여창기(Chang Ki Yeo),변상준(Sang Jun Byun),박승규(Seung Gyu Park),김진희(Jin Hee Kim) 대한두경부종양학회 2014 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Background and Objectives:To investigate the prognostic factors and effectiveness of radiotherapy for oro-pharyngeal cancer. Material and Methods:Forty seven patients in oropharyngeal cancer treated with radiothera-py between November 1989 and October 2010. Conventional radiotherapy was performed until July 2007 and conformal radiotherapy was performed since August 2007. Median age of patients was 59. Thirty five patients were males. Nine patients had operation. Patients treated with postoperative radiotherapy were delivered median 60 Gy and patients treated with definitive radiotherapy were delivered median 66 Gy. Median follow-up periods were 51 months. Results: Two year and 5 year overall survival rate was 78.7% and 59.9%. Two year and 5-year locoregional recurrence free survival rate was 82.3% and 72.9%. In subgroup of definitive radiotherapy, at uni- variate analysis for overall survival, lower N stage(p=0.01), lower stage(p=0.05) and well and moderate differen-tiation(p=0.001) were statistically significant. At univariate analysis for locoregional recurrence free survival, lower T stage(p=0.02) and better differentiation(p=0.043) were statistically significant. Treatment failure occurred in 12 patients. Locoregional recurrence(8 patients) was main pattern of failure. Conclusion:When definitive ra-diotherapy compared with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy, there was no significant difference. Further stud-ies would be needed to compare definitive radiotherapy with postoperative radiotherapy. N stage, stage and dif-ferentiation could be the prognostic factors for overall survival and T stage and differentiation could be the prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence free survival in patients treated definitive radiotherapy.