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김홍,김옥배,우성구,서수지,김성수,Kim, Hong,Kim, Ok-Bae,Woo, Seong-Ku,Suh, Soo-Jhi,Kim, Sung-Soo 대한영상의학회 1985 대한영상의학회지 Vol.21 No.5
It is diffidult to distinguish benign from malignant, ulmonary nodule by conventional roentgenologic examination. But CT makes it easier to evaluate adjacent parenchymal invasion, pleural or mediastinal extension, or early metastasis to intra- or extrathoracic lymph node as well s distant organs, although only a solitary peripheral pulmonary nodule is seen on plain radiograph. Authors reviewed CT of 22 cases of histopathologically confirmed primary lung cancer seen as a solitary peripheral pulmonary mass from May 1980 to September 1984 at Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University. The results are as follows: 1. The incedence was most common in the 6th decade(36%). Male to female ratio was 10:1 and 2 females all had bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma. 2. The distributions of histologic cell type were as follows: squamous cell carcinoma 40%, adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma and unclassified carcinoma 14% in each cases, and adenoid cystic c rcinoma 4%. 3. The computed tomographic findings were as follows: a) Superior and posterior basal segments of both lower lobes were most frequently involved(68%). b) The mean diameter of the mass was 48mm, and most common in the range of 30-49mm in the greatest dimension(46%). c) The mean CT attenuation value was 57 H.U., and most common in the group of 41-70 H.U.(64%). d) Lymph node metastasis was found in 13(59%) of 22 cases, and the involved nodes were as follows: hilar nodes 10 cases, paratracheal nodes 8 cases, subcarinal nodes 7 cases and extrathoracic nodes 3 cases. In 2 of 3 cases with small cell carcinoma, diffuse multiple lymph nodes were involved. e) Distant metastasis was seen relatively early in 3 cases: cerebral metastasis in 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma, right adrenal metastasis without intrathoracic lymph node metastasis or invasion of adjacent structures in 1 case of bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma, and liver and bone metastases in 1 case of unclassified carci oma. f) Adjacent pleural or mediastinal invasion was found in 7 cases(32%): pleural invasion alsong chest wall in 4 cases, and invasion of adjacent mediastinal pleura in 3 caes of 2 squmous cell carcinoma and 1 unclassified carcinoma. g) Calcifications within the mass were found in 5 caes(23%), and most common in squamous cell carcinoma(3 caes). In all cases, a few granular calcifications were seen along the peripheral margin of the mass. h) Tumor necrosis was seen in 4 cases(18%), and 3 cases were squamous cell carcinoma, and one of them showed irregular central cavitation. i) The margins of tumor were irregularly lobulated with radiating spiculations in all except one of adenoid cystic carcinoma, which revealed oval shaped, smooth clear margin. j) In 9(41%) of 22 cases, some enlargement of pulmonary vessels with perivascular linear infiltrations were found in the adjacent lung parenchymes of the mass, which were thought to be retrograde perivascular lymphangitic spread along pulmon ry vessels.
金虹,金娜 글로벌경영학회 2011 글로벌경영학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.1
中国互联网产业发展迅速,电子商务成为其中规模增长最快的主力军,但是关于网络购物产 业中认知和情感信任,以及忠诚度的研究还未引起广泛关注。本研究的目的是探索顾客忠诚度的 影响因素,重点研究感知价值、认知信任、情感信任、转换成本和忠诚度的相关关系,从而提高 网络购物企业的竞争力。研究使用AMOS.18实施结构方程式分析对假设进行了验证,并总结了 研究结果,提出了未来的研究方向。
김홍,강영구 한국산업안전학회 1995 한국안전학회지 Vol.10 No.4
Spontaneous ignition characteristics of rice cracker were observed by preforming experiments at constant ambient temperature. As the results of the experiments, the critical spontaneous ignition temperature were exponentially decreased with the increase of ambient temperature. Type of combustion of rice cracker are smouldering combustion at low ignition temperature and flame combustion at high temperature. The rice cracker containing pam oil showed lower spontaneous ignition temperature than pure rice cracker because of oxidation heat of pam oil.
金烘?(Hong-Kyu Kim),宋基東(Ki-Dong Song),鄭鎭敎(Jin-Kyo Chong),吳年浩(Yeon-Ho Oh),朴敬燁(Kyong-Yop Park) 대한전기학회 2006 전기학회논문지 B Vol.55 No.10
To analyze the small current interruption performance for the gas circuit breakers, the gas density and electric field intensity should be calculated. In this paper, the FVFLIC method is used for the gas flow analysis and the FEM for the electric field analysis. Then, the dielectric withstanding voltage is evaluated by the empirical formulation or Streamer theory. By comparing the calculated dielectric strength with the test result, it is found that both methods show good prediction capability for the small current interruption performance. Especially, when both methods predict the same interrupting performance, the prediction is in accordance with the experimental result.
저작권법과 디자인보호법 상 산업디자인 권리보호 문제 - 응용미술 개념을 중심으로 -
김홍 충남대학교 세종지적재산권연구소 2020 The Journal of Law & IP Vol.10 No.1
While the concept of applied art can be as a type of art works expressing the thoughts and feelings of the creator from the viewpoint of copyright law, it can be regarded as a practical design that expresses a form of useful article through industrial processes from the view point of design protection law. Such conceptual ambivalence of applied art causes various legal problems because it causes overlap of protection scope between copyright law and design protection law. Korea is taking attitude to alleviate the protection conflict of applied arts by actively accepting the interpretation theory of the copyright law which called "separability theory” in the United States through the revision of the copyright law in 2000. However, there are many differences from the United States in terms of the structure and system of legal regulations as well as general legal principals in the copyright law. So Korea is still in the imitation stage of the theory despite the need for a careful review process. As such, just relying on foreign interpretation which has not ended the controversy over the establishment of concrete criteria is hard to expect as a stable solution to the conflict problem between two laws. This study will play a role to search for improvement measures review the problems caused by protection scope of the two laws By analyzing the protection system based on the applied art revision of copyright law and the concept of design on design protection law of legal protection of applied art. In addition, this study will suggest redefining legal concept of applied art, way for reestablishment of intellectual property eligibility criteria and adjustment of protection scope and period for being duplicated protection problem of applied arts.
김홍,강영구,박형주 한국산업안전학회 1998 한국안전학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Five parts of the automotive interior materials were sampled to determine their combustion characteristics. Oxygen Indexer, Smoke chamber, Differential Scanning Calorimeter(DSC) were used as the analysis apparatus. All LOI values of samples appear less than 21. The combustion phenomena of the interior materials primarily depends on properties of each layer material. The amount of generated smoke are reached the maximum value within 30 - 90sec after ignition. The experimental results of combustion characteristics and DSC of H/Line also indicated that the layer of foam was melt first and it caused the propagation of flame through the sample. The combustion characteristics of multi-layer materials primarily depends on thermal characteristics of single layer material.