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김일권,임희원,이왕제,이경호,신우철 대한설비공학회 2023 설비공학 논문집 Vol.35 No.7
In this study, we proposed a remote monitoring system that incorporated a simulation-based algorithm for analyzing solar collector performance and conducted a field experiment to assess its feasibility. The experiment was carried out from October 2022 to April 2023 on a solar heating system installed in a greenhouse in Pohang, which had a collector area of 108 ㎡. We constructed a remote monitoring system using open-source openHAB in edge computing. The simulation model of the collector array utilized the performance prediction formula of ISO 24194:2022 and was analyzed in real-time using meteorological data measured at 1-minute intervals, as well as the flow rate and inlet/outlet temperatures of the collector. The real-time instantaneous useful heat gain by the collectors and collector efficiency obtained through the simulation model showed accurate agreement with the measured data, even under varying weather and operating conditions. The RMSE between the simulation model and measured data for instantaneous heat gain was found to be below 1.77 kW. Real-time simulation analysis of the remote monitoring system confirmed that it could provide high accuracy and reliability in predicting the dynamic behavior and thermal performance of flat-plate collectors. We expect that the monitoring system can serve as an efficient tool for real-time performance evaluation, fault detection, and diagnostic system development for solar thermal systems.
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김일권 한국전기기술인협회 1997 電力技術人 Vol.181 No.9
도심지역의 전력공급 신뢰도 향상과 도시환경 개선의 차원에서 확대 시공되고 있는 지중 배전선로는 1973년부터 22kV 비접지 계통에 CV 케이블을 사용하였고 1978년부터 22.9kv 다중접지계통에 CN-CV 케이블을 사용하여 96.3 현재 10,287의 지중배선선로가 직매나 관로형태로 설치되어 있다.
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김일권,임희원,이왕제,이경호,이송섭,신우철 대한설비공학회 2024 설비공학 논문집 Vol.36 No.12
본 연구에서는 시뮬레이션 기반 태양열집열기 성능해석 및 고장감지 알고리즘을 탑재한 원격 모니터링 시스템을 제안하고 실증시험을 통하여 그 타당성을 분석하였다. 고장감지 벤치마크는 정상작동 조건에서 시뮬레이션 예측 집열량에 대한 실측 집열량의 비를 관측치로 슈하르트 관리도를 사용하였으며, 포항지역 실증온실의 태양열난방시스템을 통해 분석된 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1)모니터링 시스템의 비 정상적인 측정값을 식별하고 시뮬레이션 예측모델의 정확성을 평가하기 위해 데이터 검증을 실시하였다. 태양열시스템 열교환기의 에너지평형에 따른 고온측과 저온측 열전달량 비는 모든 작동 영역에서 ± 4% 이내로 모니터링 계측 데이터의 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 한편 비 정상적인 열적거동을 보이는 시스템 가동 초기 비 연속 작동 시간대를 고장감지 영역에서 제외할 때, 연속 작동 시간대의 예측 집열량은 실측을 정확하게 추종하였으며 선형회기분석에 따른 결정계수와 평균제곱근오차는 각각 0.9257과 1.60 kW로 나타났다. (2) 슈하르트 관리도는 다양한 기상조건에서 태양열 시스템의 정상운전 여부를 정확하게 감지하는 것으로 나타났다. 기상의 변화에 따라 관측치가 제어한계선을 벗어날 수 있으나 정상적인 운전 상태를 회복하는 반면, 비 정상운전 시 제어한계선 이탈이 지속되어 일시적인 이탈과 구분되었다. 따라서 관측치의 제어한계선 이탈이 일정시간이 지속될 때 고장에 대한 경고가 제공되어야 한다. (3)본 연구의 태양열시스템 고장감지는 순수한 데이터 기반으로 오픈소스 플랫폼을 통해 알고리즘이 적용된다면 추가적인 비용없이 기존 모니터링시스템에도 쉽게 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. To prevent economic losses caused by faults in solar thermal systems, continuous monitoring is essential for promptly detecting malfunctions and facilitating recovery. This study proposed a remote monitoring system equipped with simulation-based analysis of solar collector performance and fault detection algorithms validated through on-site testing. The predictive model employed ISO 24194:2022 equations for estimating collector array performance, while fault detection benchmarked the ratio of simulated to actual heat gains under normal operating conditions using Shewhart control charts. Results showed that Shewhart control charts accurately detected operational status of the solar system under various weather conditions. Despite occasional observations exceeding control limits due to weather fluctuations, normal operation resumed, distinguishing between transient deviations and persistent faults. The fault detection approach used in this study based solely on data suggests that if algorithms are implemented through open-source platforms, they could be seamlessly integrated into existing monitoring systems without incurring additional expenses.
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김일권 한국전기기술인협회 1998 電力技術人 Vol.187 No.3
지중배전선로는 건설비가 가공선로에 비해 월등히 높아 지중설비를 확대하는데 장애요인이 되고 있으나 도시화의 증가와 환경문제의 대두로 인해 전력설비의 지중화가 급속히 진행되고 있으며 따라서 지중선로는 고신뢰도를 요구하는 도심지에 대부분 시설되어 있으므로 지중선로에서 고장이 발생하는 경우 고장의 규모에 비해 그 파급영향은 매우 심각한 것이 대부분의 경우이다.
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조선후기 기우제등록 의 청계천・한강 수표(水標) 기상기록 연구
김일권 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2023 한국학 Vol.46 No.1
This study explores a historical account of meteorological records sourced from the Comprehensive Records of Ritual for Rain(Kiwooje-dunglok), where the entire water mark record, totaling 1,810 events, was extracted and quantified. The Records examined the changing trend of rainfall in the Seoul area for 254 years(1636~1889) in late Joseon. The water mark(Soopyo), a system to measure the strength of rainfall in the region of Seoul, was first established under King Sejong’s rule in 1441. The system consisted of two posts: Cheonggye Stream Water Mark and Han River Water Mark. Gradations were engraved on the water mark posts to record the water flow level. While no records from early Joseon were found, this paper sheds light on the existence of the late Joseon water mark system, maintained with the persistent efforts of three clerks. Two recorded the stream water mark and recorded the Han River water mark, totaling 715 records. These, combined with the additional 60 records from the Diary of the Royal Secretariat, amounted to a total of 775 records, consisting of 668 stream water marks and 107 river water mark records. The 200 years (1633~1832) of stream water mark records revealed the following significant features: First, the period is divided into four parts based on the recording styles: 1) The parallel recording of the central region and the southern region period for 65 years(1633~1697); 2) The central region clerk in charge for 58 years (1697~1760); 3) The water mark clerk in charge for 73 years(1760~1832); and 4) The pluviometer(Chukwookee) reinstalment period for 58 years(1832~1889). Second, an analysis of the frequency of recording showed the two highest-frequency periods of 40 years(1680~1719) during the King Sukjong era and 30 years(1750~1779) during the King Youngjo era. This revealed that the highest rainfall occurred in the 40 years of the King Sukjong era(17~18c) and the second highest in the 30 years of the King Youngjo era(late 18c). Devoid of the pluviometer at that time, the records uniquely provided this information. Therefore, they have become extremely valuable in meteorological history. During the King Sukjong’s era, the yearly average of the water mark values turned out to be 944.45cm, which is twice larger than 505.24cm, the yearly average of the 200years(1633~1832). This indicates that there were heavy rainfalls during the peak period. The 15 selected years, which had higher than average rainfall, were suspected to have experienced flood damage. Future research on the correlation between meteorological and social changes is required. Third, according to an analysis of the 143 years(1636~1778) of the Han River water mark records, the highest water level occurred during the 44 years of King Sukjong’s era(1679~1722) and the 22 years of the King Youngjo era(1757~1778). The Han River records complemented stream water records. 16 years were selected as having higher than the average water level of the Han River during the 44 years of King Sukjong era and were considered as years with overflow and floods. However, they did not match the years selected based on the stream water. This explains why the stream water mark contained the rainfall issue centered on Seoul, while the Han River water mark contained heavy rain in the upper Han. Fourth, the Comprehensive Records of Ritual for Rain describe the details of King Youngjo’s reinstalment of the pluviometer. The king, was worried about the people and monitored the water mark, realized King Sejong’s pluviometer (Chukwookee) was an excellent scientific tool and immediately revived it. Conclusively, King Youngjo’s revival of the pluviometer(Chukwookee) was not accidental but an indispensable scientific achievement, as a result of the long-term endeavor of maintaining the water mark operation and management. In this respect, the significance of water mark records should be noted in the history of meteorology. Research-based on the multilateral re...
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