pH Sensitive Soft Contact Lens for Selective Drug-Delivery

김근희,김혁정,노혜란 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.3

In this study, we evaluated contact lenses as drug delivery media and the effect of tear physiological pH on drug release behavior. Anionic or cationic hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) lenses were polymerized with either vinylpyrrolidone (VP) or N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm). The pH of artificial tears was prepared as between 5.8 and 8.35. One of common treatments, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), to dry eye disease was used as a test drug. As a result, drug releases from anionic 100% p-HEMA and p-HEMA-VP lens were both increased with increasing tear pH. However, released drug amounts from cationic the p-HEMA-NIPAAm lens were decreased with increasing pH. In weak basicity (pH 8.03), the p-HEMA-VP (20 wt%) lens swelled resulting releasing drugs 3.5 times more compared to in weak acidity (pH 5.80). On the other hand, the p-HEMA-NIPAAm (20 wt%) lens de-swelled in basic solution resulting decreased drug release compared to in acidic solution. The hydrogel contact lenses showed various physical properties and drug releasing properties including diffusion coefficients in response to ionization reactions between ionic groups in the lens and pH of solution. It suggests that hydrogel contact lens has potential as selective drug delivery media.

인공 산성비에 노출된 고분자 안경 렌즈 및 코팅의 특성 변화

김근희,노혜란 대한시과학회 2014 대한시과학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: Characteristic changes of ophthalmic lens and coatings were studied after immersing polymer based lens into the acidic solution with varying acidity. Methods: The ophthalmic lens (polyvinylester and polyurethane types) were immersed in the acidic solution (pH 2.4~6.0) for 1-5 weeks. Changes in optical and physical properties were measured. Results: As increasing time exposed to acidic solution, visible light transmittance, contact angle, hardness, and wear resistance of lenses were decreased. In particular, the hardness of the vinyl ester type and two of polyurethane lenses exposed to strong acid (pH 2.4) for 5 weeks were decreased to 34.7%, 52.3%, and 29% respectively. Adhesiveness of urethane lens and vinyl ester lens after immersed in acidic solution were came out as 4B and 5B respectively. Electric field penetrating lenses were all blocked regardless of the immersion time and acidity of solution. Conclusions: The results showed that the repeated exposure to the acidic solution may change the optical, physical properties of ophthalmic lens with decreased durability of the lens coating and lens materials alteration. 목 적: 고분자 안경 렌즈를 산성 용액에 침지시킨 후 용액의 pH에 따른 렌즈 및 코팅의 특성 변화에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 폴리비닐에스터와 폴리우레탄 계열의 안경 렌즈를 인공 산성비 용액(pH 2.4~6.0)에 1~5주 동안 침지시킨 후 광학적, 물리적 특성 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과: 고분자 안경 렌즈를 산성 용액에 침지시킨 시간이 증가됨에 따라 렌즈의 가시광선 투과율, 접촉각, 경도, 그리고 내마모성은 감소되었다. 특히 강산(pH 2.4)에 5주 동안 노출된 렌즈의 경도는 비닐 에스터 소재의 렌즈는 34.7%, 우레탄소재의 렌즈들은 각각 52.3%과 29%정도 감소되었다. 부착력은 5주차 이상 침지된 우레탄계열 렌즈는 모두 4B등급, 비닐 에스터 계열은 5B등급으로 나타났다. 전기장은 침지시킨 용액의 산성도 및 침지 시간에 관계없이 렌즈에 의해 모두 차단되었다. 결 론: 본 연구 결과를 통하여 반복적인 산성비 노출은 안경렌즈 재질의 변화 및 이에 따른 렌즈 코팅 수명 단축으로 인한 여러 광학적, 물리적 특성이 저하됨을 확인하였다.

임상시험모니터요원(CRA) 전문성 유지를 위한 교육 및 자격에 대한 고찰

김근희,김경수,최병인,김영인 대한임상약리학회 2011 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.19 No.2

Background: The aim of the current study is to investigate perspectives on the quality and validity of the current clinical research associate (CRA) education program. The trainee program of other healthcare professions including medical doctors, registered nurses, and pharmacists, has been already reviewed as an advance research. Thus, the current study evaluates the CRA education system to assist in building a more suitable CRA education infrastructure in the future. Methods: A questionnaire was handed out to CRAs with at least 3 months working experience among 30 pharmaceutical corporations, and 10 Contract Research Organizations (CROs) affiliated with the Korean Pharmaceutical Association and the Korean Clinical Research Committee. A total of 118 questionnaires were utilized for data analysis. Results: The poll shows that 93.2 % of the survey participants consider the role of a CRA as a specialized healthcare profession and 58.6 % of those respondents reason that becoming a CRA requires specialized knowledge. 95.9 % of survey participants attend a CRA trainee program for the maintenance of CRA professionalism. The respondents are inclined to attend the Government hosted CRA education program. 59.3 % of survey participants answered that implementing a CRA qualification system is necessary to establish a CRA specialty validation. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the importance of qualification and what is necessary for being a CRA. The study result will provide a guideline for those who wish to become a CRA as part of their career. In addition, the result will also be used in developing an improved CRA education program in the future.

자기 주도적 교수방법이 한국무용 학습효과에 미치는 영향

김근희 韓國舞踊敎育學會 2001 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study is to identify and generalize the effects of self modeling program on learners of 10 basic movements in Korean dance in consideration of their clinical psychological traits. This study was conducted on 18 female student in second and third grades of a "K" arts high school in Seoul, who major in modern dance and ballet and minor in Korean dance. On the basis of the first term -end test results, the subjects were dvided into two groups(the experimental group, and comparative group) so that the overall Korean dance performance levels could be assumed to be similar between the two. The inference and statistical verification of the research assumptions were made with the SPSS program and the following conclusions have been reached after a comparative study between the verification result and antecedent study results: 1. Learning effects in terms of performances of individual movement and connecting movements, measured at the ends if the first week second week and fourth week were significant in all two groups. thus, the learning effects under self modeling program in the whole 40-hour course were confirmed. 2. There was no significant relationship between learning effects and psychological traits of learners(all of 12 factors).

지방간 진단을 위한 간 초음파와 Fibroscan 검사법의 비교 분석

김근희,지태정,김현진 한국방사선학회 2022 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.16 No.3

This study retrospectively analyzed the test results of 441 patients who visited Hospital I in Busan from October 2021 to December 2021 and conducted both mid-term ultrasound and fibroscan tests. The purpose of the study was to investigate the usefulness of fibroscan in inter-fat evaluation by conducting correlation analysis and chi-squared test of inter-fat evaluation using liver ultrasound and fibroscan. As a result of analyzing the correlation between the fatty liver reading result of abdominal ultrasound and Fibroscan UAP, the correlation was found to be r=0.600 and p=0.000. In the inter-provincial evaluation, Fibroscan showed high validity in predicting objective results using inter-provincial values. 본 연구는 2021년 10월부터 2021년 12월까지 부산 소재 I 병원을 내원한 환자와 건감검진 대상 중 간 초음파와 Fibroscan 검사를 모두 시행한 441명의 검사 결과지를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 연구 목적은 간 초음파를 이용한 지방간 평가와 Fibroscan을 이용한 지방간 평가의 상관관계분석 및 카이제곱검정을 시행하여 지방간 평가에 있어 Fibroscan의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 복부초음파의 지방간 판독 결과와 Fibroscan UAP의 상관관계 분석 결과 r=0.600, p=0.000으로 나타나 상관관계가 확인되었다. 지방간 평가에 있어서 Fibroscan은 지방간 수치로 하여 객관적인 결과를 예측하는데 높은 타당도를 보였다.

[행복일기 3] 아이스커피에 담긴 배려

김근희 샘터사 2023 월간 샘터 Vol.643 No.-

pH에 반응하는 이온성 하이드로젤 콘택트렌즈의 약물 방출

김근희,노혜란 대한시과학회 2017 대한시과학회지 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.06

목적: 안구 질환의 치료에 사용되는 약물 전달 콘택트렌즈를 제조하여 이온성 고분자 중합과 눈물의 생리적 pH 변화에 대한 약물 방출 거동에 대하여 연구하고자 하였다. 방법: 하이드로젤 콘택트렌즈의 제작은, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 그리고 이온성 고분자 poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)의 다양한 비율과 가교제 ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), 개시제 azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)을 혼합하여 제조하였다. 눈물의 생리적 pH(5.8~8.35)를 참고 하여 약물의 방출 거동을 확인하였으며, 사용한 방출 약물은 각막표면의 세포 증식, 각막 보호, 그리고 건조 증상에 효과가 있는 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)을 사용하였다. 결과: 제조된 p-HEMA (100 wt%) 렌즈와 p-HEMA-VP 렌즈의 약물 방출은 pH가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. p-HEMA-VP렌즈의 경우 pH 증가 시 렌즈구조가 팽창 되는 경향을 보였다. 또한, VP-작용기의 제조비율이 증가함에 따라 렌즈의 기공이 증가함을 볼 수 있었 다. 20 wt%의 p-HEMA-VP렌즈는 0 wt%의 HEMA-VP렌즈보다 최대 17.71% 높은 함수율을 보였다. 그러나 양이온성 p-HEMA-NIPAAm 렌즈에서 방출되는 약물은 pH가 증가함에 따라 감소되었다. 염기성(pH 8.03)에서 p-HEMA-VP (20 wt%) 렌즈는 약한 산성(pH 5.80)에 비해 약물 방출이 3.50배 증가하였으나, p-HEMA-NIPAAm (20 wt%) 렌즈는 약한 염기성에서 수축되어 약한 산성의 렌즈보다 약물 방출량이 적게 나타났다. 결론: 제조된 약물전달 콘택트렌즈는 수분함량, 약물 방출 및 약물 확산 계수가 이온성 고분자와 중합비율에 따라 다르게 나타났으며, 이는 렌즈 내 이온성 그룹과 pH 용액 사이의 이온화 반응의 결과임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 반응은 약물전달용 콘택트렌즈의 다양한 고분자와의 제조에 있어서 눈물의 생리적인 pH에 따른 선택적 약물방출의 설계가 가능함을 시사한다.

정부의 벤처기업 R&D 지원에서의 역선택 가능성에관한 연구 : 정부 R&D 수혜기업과 비수혜기업 간경영효율성 비교를 중심으로

김근희,곽기호 한국기술혁신학회 2018 기술혁신학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Recently, government policy focuses on R&D subsidies for venture firms in the early and medium stage. However, due to the ‘asymmetric information’ on those firms, a concern about the possibility of adverse selection of government policy, that is, whether the R&D subsidies are offered to the less-growth potential venture firms is on the rise. Therefore, based on the 「2015 venture firm's survey」 data in Korea, we compared the managerial efficiency of venture firms in manufacturing sectors by dividing them into beneficiary and non-beneficiary groups at government R&D subsidies. We found that the beneficiary groups showed lower managerial efficiency than non-beneficiary groups, even if they are superior to non-beneficiary groups in technological performance. We also observed that the phenomenon involve ‘low managerial efficiency in the beneficiary groups’ is more relevant in mid-high tech. manufacturing sectors. Our findings provide an exploratory empirical evidence of the concern about adverse selection in the selection of R&D subsidies beneficiary groups. Therefore, the government should consider managerial performance as the key criteria for selecting R&D subsidies beneficiary groups, rather than depending on technological performance solely. Furthermore, the government should develop other complementary policies to support financial performance of the groups. Lastly, the government should make those policies attract venture firms with potential to achieve financial performance. 최근 정부의 벤처기업 정책 지원은 창업 초기・중기의 벤처기업에 대한 R&D 지원에 초점을 두고 있다. 그러나 정보의 비대칭성 문제로 인한 역선택 가능성, 즉, 정부 R&D가 과연 성장 잠재력이 높은창업 초기・중기 기업에게 지원되고 있는가에 대한 우려도 제기되고 있다. 특히 창업 중기는 죽음의 계곡으로 인해 벤처기업의 생존율이 크게 낮아지는 구간이기 때문에, 정책효과가 클 것으로 예상되는 우수 벤처기업을 선정하여 지원하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 2015년 벤처기업정밀실태조사 결과를 활용, 기술집약적 제조업 내 중기 벤처기업을 정부 R&D 지원 수혜기업(이하 수혜기업)과비수혜 기업으로 나누고, 이들의 경영효율성 및 기술・재무성과를 비교하였다. 분석결과, 기술집약적 제조업 내 수혜기업은 비수혜 기업에 비해 경영효율성이 낮았으며, 이러한 경향은 중고위기술 제조업에서 더욱 크게 나타났다. 한편, 기술 및 재무성과 분석 결과, 수혜기업은 기술성은 우수하였으나, 성장성, 수익성, 안정성은 열위에 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 이러한 경향은 중고위기술 제조업 내 세부산업전반에서 발견되었다. 이는 벤처기업에 대한 정부 R&D 지원 시, 역선택 문제가 우려됨을 시사한다. 따라서 향후 정부는 수혜기업 선정 시 경영효율성 및 재무성과를 중요 평가 기준으로 고려해야할 것이다. 또한 기술성이 뛰어난 기업의 경영효율성 및 재무성과를 제고하기 위한 정책과 함께, 경영효율성이뛰어난 벤처기업을 정부 R&D 지원에 유인하기 위한 방법도 마련해야할 것이다.

1945 - 1950 기 한국 신무용사 연구

김근희 대한무용학회 1980 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.2 No.-

It is assumed that the problems facing the ballet circles in our country today resulted from not period of beginning 1926 when New Ballet was pioneered taut rather from the chactic period immediately after Liberation in 1945. This article was devoted to prove historically the above hypothesis. Today's problems are summarized as follows; 1. Unproper intervention by criticism into the creature activities of ballet. 2. Mistaken historical view resulted from distorted view of value. 3. Malicious competetions displayed in ballet circles 4. Chronic tendency to imitate and easy-going manner at performance. 5. Decrease in number of lover of ballet This article assumed that during the period from August 1945 to June 1950, some factors existed to bring on the problems. Meanwhile, in this historical research, I divided the period into two parts; the first period August 1954 to December 1946, the second Jannuary 1947 to June 1950. The reason for dividing the period into two parts is in that in the first period the activities of ballet showed the upward trend in the sides of quantity as well as in number of related population while in the second period, the downward curve. However, the first period, abundant in quantity, was not almost different from the second period from the view point of quality of arts, and so I gave up to adopt the quality side as a basis in dividing the period while I selected the quantity and human side as the basis. I prescribed the first period as chaotic and the second as astray because the first period was so chaotic that they lost their bearings and during the second period they were wandering. I tried to induce tlne charracteristic of each period by analyzing the aspects disclosed during the period tracing the original factors which caused today's problems. It is a commonplace that a critcism should be creative, for criticism is to appraise and analyze in the internal side of ballet the meanings of theme, logic or rationalization of inter-pretation at today's situation, the plot deploying the theme, the composition both of space and time, the techniqur to expresss and momentum of the technique and so on, and furthermore the criticism is to catch up the difference between the will to create and the meaning expressed prescribing the overall artistic value of the works and presenting the direction for the future. However, today's critic makes it a rule to judge the suneriority or inferiority of works by means of existing his own idea or with an instantaneous impression at the performance that is, criticism to judge or so--called impression criticism. T think it is a tradegy when one entrusts himself bewilderingly with such critic. This tradegy is supposedly ascribed to the idle ease and atrophy prevailing in the circle of ballet today. The idle easy phenomenon is supposed to result from the un unactive replacement while atrophy, the remarkable gab between the desire and reality by which activities of ballet are not guaranteed. Thus, these lead to the decline in number of ballet population in the longrun. To my regret, all the assumptions above-mentioned thus far proved to be right through the historical observation in the article. In conclusion, T insist that the following proposals will be instructive. First educational side. 1. Establishment of college of ballet 2. Establishment of research institution for the study of basic sceince. 3. Employment of ballet library 4. Specialization of teacher of ballet 5. Ballet to be included in the general curriculum 6. To dispatch trainee oversea by government expense. 7. Reconsideration of the authorization and administraction standard of private ballet rearch institution 8. Establishment of national ballet school Second artistic side 1. Dual employment system of national ballet corps 2. Organization of municipal ballet corps 3. Construction of the ballet theater 4. Raising the found for creative activities 5. Establishment of hank for ballet and lending the fund required for performances 6. Strengthening the ballet association 7. Invitation of oversea ballet corps 8. To dispatch the leading artists oversea on inspection tour and to assist financially Third institutional side 1. Exemption from business tax against private ballet research institution 2. Exemption from entrance tax 3. Exemption or reduction from military service for male ballerina

Consistency check algorithm for validation and re-diagnosis to improve the accuracy of abnormality diagnosis in nuclear power plants

김근희,김재민,신지현,이승준 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.10

The diagnosis of abnormalities in a nuclear power plant is essential to maintain power plant safety. When an abnormal event occurs, the operator diagnoses the event and selects the appropriate abnormal operating procedures and sub-procedures to implement the necessary measures. To support this, abnormality diagnosis systems using data-driven methods such as artificial neural networks and convolutional neural networks have been developed. However, data-driven models cannot always guarantee an accurate diagnosis because they cannot simulate all possible abnormal events. Therefore, abnormality diagnosis systems should be able to detect their own potential misdiagnosis. This paper proposes a rulebased diagnostic validation algorithm using a previously developed two-stage diagnosis model in abnormal situations. We analyzed the diagnostic results of the sub-procedure stage when the first diagnostic results were inaccurate and derived a rule to filter the inconsistent sub-procedure diagnostic results, which may be inaccurate diagnoses. In a case study, two abnormality diagnosis models were built using gated recurrent units and long short-term memory cells, and consistency checks on the diagnostic results from both models were performed to detect any inconsistencies. Based on this, a re-diagnosis was performed to select the label of the second-best value in the first diagnosis, after which the diagnosis accuracy increased. That is, the model proposed in this study made it possible to detect diagnostic failures by the developed consistency check of the sub-procedure diagnostic results. The consistency check process has the advantage that the operator can review the results and increase the diagnosis success rate by performing additional re-diagnoses. The developed model is expected to have increased applicability as an operator support system in terms of selecting the appropriate AOPs and subprocedures with re-diagnosis, thereby further increasing abnormal event diagnostic accuracy