Lithographically-featured photonic microparticles of colloidal assemblies

Lee, Su Yeon,Kim, Shin-Hyun,Heo, Chul-Joon,Hwang, Hyerim,Yang, Seung-Man Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol.12 No.38

<P>We have described a new and promising strategy for the fabrication of composite and porous photonic crystal microparticles that combines the self-assembly of colloidal particles with photolithography techniques. We fabricated silica/SU-8 composite microparticles with photonic bandgaps <I>via</I> four steps: (1) deposition of the silica colloidal crystals on the photoresist, (2) embedding of the colloidal crystals in the photoresist, (3) UV exposure through a photomask and subsequent development, and (4) release of the microparticles from the substrate. Embedding was performed above the glass transition temperature (<I>T</I><SUB>g</SUB>) of uncrosslinked SU-8. At such temperatures, capillary forces on the silica particles facilitate the migration of colloidal crystals in the SU-8 matrix. Particle migration ceased when the top colloidal crystal layer was trapped at the interface between air and SU-8. In addition, we also prepared porous microparticles with an inverse opaline structure by dissolving the embedded silica particles from the composite structures. The porous microparticles showed enhanced reflectivity at the bandgap position due to the large refractive index contrast. The bandgap position of the microparticles was controlled by the size of the silica particles, which determined the lattice constant. Bilayered composite and porous microparticles with two distinct photonic bandgaps were also prepared by sequential deposition of colloidal crystals composed of two differently sized silica particles.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A new and promising fabrication strategy of photonic crystal microparticles was demonstrated by combining colloidal self-assembly with photolithography. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0cp00134a'> </P>

Olfactory neuroblastoma 증례보고

박익수,이정근,노양호,김동우,김우형,이희철 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.2

Olfactory neuroblastoma is an uncommon malignant tumor(just over 300 cases have been reported in the medical literature by 1996)arising within the nasal cavity. This tumor has a neuroectodermal cell origin and is believed to specifically arise from the olfactory epithelium. The tumor was ftrst decribed in the French medical literayure by Berger and associates in 1924 by the name esthesioneuropitheliome olfactif. The english version of this term is esthesioneuroblastoma, and current medical literture uses this name interchangeably with olfactory neuroblastoma. We experienced a case of olfactory neuroblastoma in the mxillary sinus. We treated this patient with tumor resection, chmotherapy and radiotherapy. And now, the patient has been following up for 2years 6month, but olfactory neuroblastoma is very rare. SO we report this case with a review of literature.

주거지역 오수발생 특성 및 원단위 산정

박철휘,양경수,배윤선 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quantity of discharged sewage unit loading factor and the quality of various pollutants in domestic (detached house and apartment) and commercial site. Measurement were worked at Bucheon and Seogwipo city. One was selected because it was a developed lately community, the other was chosen because it was constructed for long period from 1973 to 1992. The sewage was sampled every two hours a day for a week per each season. Data for the quantity of used water, the number of population and areas were also investigated. The result of the study were as follows; (1) The average unit water use flowrate were 215.7l pcd for detached house, 200.6l pcd for apartment, 8.9l/㎡/d for commercial site in Bucheon city, and 212.5l pcd for detached house, 187.7l pcd for apartment, 9.7l/㎡/d for commercial site in Seogwipo city. (2) The average unit discharged sewage flowrate were 179.7l pcd for detached house, 187.4l pcd for apartment, 8.1l/㎡/d for commercial site in Bucheon city, and 159.4l pcd for detached house, 153.1l pcd for apartment, 5.6l/㎡ /d for commercial site in Seogwipo city. (3) The conversion ratio from water to sewage were 83.4% for detached house, 93.4% for apartment, 91.8% for commercial site in Bucheon city, and 75.0% for detached house, 82.2% for apartment, 57.5% for commercial site in Seogwipo city. (4) The average unitloading factor of pollutant were COD_cr 44.4 gpcd, BOD_5 23.3 gpcd, SS 14.3 gpcd, T-N 6.7 gpcd, T-P 0.8 gpcd for detached house, COD_cr 62.1 gpcd, BOD_5 29.5 gpcd, SS 21.4 gpcd, T-N 7.0 gpcd, T-P 0.8 gpcd for apartment. (5) The maximum sewage generation based on factors (water supply, running rate, valid water rate and etc.) could be predicted and compared with survey data.

단백질 분해효소 생성 호염성세균의 분리 및 효소 생성

정영철,김양우,노종수,강인수 진주여자전문대학 1996 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

For the accelerating fermentation of high salt anchovy using halophilic proteolytic microorganisms, various halotolerant or halophilic protease-producing strains were isolated from 13 types of high salt fermented fish pastes. Among 13 halotolerant and 4 halophilic isolates which produced proteases on PS agar medium containing a different NaCl concentration from 0% to 20%, one halotolerant and protease-producing strain, CK-14 was identified as a member of Bacillus sp., and another halophilic and protease-producing strain , LF-7, a member of Vibrio sp. through fatty acid composition analysis. The NaCl range for growth and protease production of Bacillus sp. CK-14 and Vibrio sp. LF-7 in PS broth was extended from 0% to 12.5%, and from 5% to 20%, with an optimal concentration of 5% and 7.5%, respectively. The optimal temperature and pH for cell growth and protease production of Bacillus sp. CK-14 and Vibrio sp. LF-7 were 30℃ and 35℃, pH range of 8.0 to 8.5 and 6.5 to 9.5, respectively. The maximal protease activity of Bacillus sp. CK-14 was 3200 unit after 6% incubation, and that of Vibrio sp. LF-7 was 3980 unit after 120hr incubation under optimal culture conditions.

벤틸레이티드 디스크 브레이크의 열응력 해석

金良述,安秀哲 弘益大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術 Vol.17 No.-

In automotive disc brake system, friction heat is not uniformly distributed due to various reasons such as thermal expansion and imperfections in geometry. It is well known that thermoelastic distortion due to frictional heating affects the contact pressure distribution and can lead to thermoelastic instability, where the contact load is concentrated in one or more small regions on the brake disc surface. These regions then take very high temperatures and passage of hot spots moving under the brake pads can cause low frequency vibration called brake judder. This paper presents the FEM (finite element method) result for the temperature distribution of ventilated disc brake. A steady state two-dimensional model of disc brake system predicts the surface temperatures during a multi-stop driving schedule.

Paraquat 투여 백서에서 Cyclophosphamide와 Dexamethasone의 치료 효과

신정철,신양수,유병전,임현성,정태흥,박찬국,오금탁,이병래 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1991 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.16 No.1

Paraquat (N,N'-dimethy 1-4,4'bipyrydinium : Gramoxone^(R), a widely used herbicide, is extremely toxic to all green plants and many eukaryotic organisms. In human, paraquat intoxication leads to multiple organ failure, it preferentially damages the lung, kidney and liver and may result in death. The participation of superoxide in initiating tissue damage by administration of paraquat is well known in which one electron reduction of paraquat leads to the formation of radical species which react with molecular oxygen to give superoxide. This process initiates immunological changes with the activation of neutrophilic leukocytes, which is related to further production of superoxide. In this experiment, therapeutic effects of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone on blood cell count, malondialdehyde as a indicator of lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes levels in the lung, liver and kidney of paraquat intoxicated rats were inbestigated. The WBC count were significantly decreased by combined treatment of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone in paraquat intoxicated rats at 3 and 5 days but RBC count were not changed. The contents of malondialdehyde were significantly decreased in the lung and Kidney by combined treatment at 10 days after paraquat intoxication. The catalase acitvities were markedly increased in the lung and liver of rats at 10 days after paraquat intoxication, and superoxide dismutase activities showed minimal changes in the lung, liver and kidney of rats by combined treatment. These results suggest that paraquat induced tissue damage in rats can be redeced by combined administration of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone.

소아의 하악 과두 골절의 비외과적 치료 : 증례보고 CASES REPORTS

이정근,박익수,노양호,김동우,김우형,이희철 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.1

Of all facial fractures in children, condylar fractures have the greatest propensity to produce a growth disturbance. The pediatric condylar fracture occurs very frequently in the mandible, but this injury is occasionally ignored due to difficulty of diagnosis and no cooperation of patient. The adequate initial diagnosis and active treatment must be performed because delayed and improper treatment lead to possible severe complications such as facial asymmetry, TMJ pain, limiation of motion and deflection, midline deviation of the dental arch. So, the goal of managing condyle fractures in the growing patient is to restore mandibular symmetry, occlusion, function without interfering with future growth. Commonly, fracture teatment aims at restoring function through repositioning and rigid fixation of the bony fragments. However, the generally preferred management of condylar fractures in growing children is nonsurgical. So, we present the clinical and radiographic follow-up results of 4 condylar fractures in pediatric patients whom we managed in conservative and functional method. We can summarize our protocol in management of pediatric condylar fracture as the following: The IMF using acrylic resin splint with circumferential wiring was performed for 1 or 2 weeks. After releasing IMF, the active physical therapy was done with guiding elastic band. Opening deviation was controlled by mannual pressure of surgeon or parents for 2 weeks. When unstable occlusion or functional problem remained, functional appliance after construction bite registration was used for several months.

창업보육센터 입주기업의 특성과 창업보육서비스에 따른 기업성과 분석

이충섭,정양헌,최수일,권철홍 대한경영학회 2003 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.16 No.7

This study is focused on the characteristics of firms in business incubators and relationship of firms' performance and incubating services. Ninety-three firms in the business incubators of universities and research institutes were surveyed and their market/technology environment, performance, and incubating services received were evaluated from their point of view. Data were then, analyzed to find out necessary factors for operating the incubation centers efficiently and providing appropriate incubating services for the business performance of firms in the centers. Firms in the incubation center are very optimistic to their business opportunity and alleged to be positive about their successful business future. With their business performance, firms are generally satisfied and try to increase the performance by having product related and technological advantage. On average, firms evaluate their performance in financial and internal processing aspect aspects lower than performance in customer and innovation aspect. Although firms are generally satisfied with the incubating service they received from the center, they seem to need more specific and customized services for their own business purpose. It is, therefore, suggested that incubating services are evaluated and necessary services are developed based on firms' needs in order to improve firms' overall satisfaction with services from the incubation center. It is also suggested from this study that market/technology environment, business performance, and incubating service characteristics of firms in the incubation centers are associated each other and need to be analysed all together.

The Application of Igloo-shaped TiO₂ Film for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Su-Chul Yang,Il-doo Kim,Junkyung Kim,Ho Gyu Yoon,Hyunjung Lee 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.10

Intracellular network of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, mammalian target of the rapamycin/70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 1, and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways for regulating mycobacteria-induced IL-23 expression in human macrophages

Yang, Chul-Su,Song, Chang-Hwa,Lee, Ji-Sook,Jung, Saet-Byel,Oh, Jae-Hee,Park, Jongsun,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Paik, Tae-Hyun,Jo, Eun-Kyeong Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2006 Cellular microbiology Vol.8 No.7

<P>Summary</P><P>We previously demonstrated that <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> (<I>M. tbc</I>)-induced interleukin (IL)-12 expression is negatively regulated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathways in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). To extend these studies, we examined the nature of the involvement of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and intracellular signalling pathways downstream from PI3K in <I>M. tbc</I>-induced IL-23 expression in human MDMs. <I>M. tbc</I>-induced Akt activation and IL-23 expression were essentially dependent on TLR2. Blockade of the mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR)/70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) pathway by the specific inhibitor rapamycin greatly enhanced <I>M. tbc</I>-induced IL-12/IL-23 p40 (p40) and IL-23 p19 (p19) mRNA and IL-23 protein expression. In sharp contrast, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition abrogated the p40 and p19 mRNA and IL-23 protein expression induced by <I>M. tbc</I>. Furthermore, the inhibition of PI3K-Akt, but not ERK 1/2 pathway, attenuated <I>M. tbc</I>-induced S6K1 phosphorylation, whereas PI3K inhibition enhanced p38 phosphorylation and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 activity during exposure to <I>M. tbc</I>. Although the negative or positive regulation of IL-23 was not reversed by neutralization of IL-10, it was significantly modulated by blocking TLR2. Collectively, these findings provide new insight into the homeostatic mechanism controlling type 1 immune responses during mycobacterial infection involving the intracellular network of PI3K, S6K1, ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways in a TLR2-dependent manner.</P>