Evaluation of the Forest Bird Community by using a Sound Recording System -Verification for the Avifauna evaluation in the non-breeding season-

( Seung Hwa Yoo ),( Hyun Jin Han ),( Dong Won Kim ),( Woo Young Joo ) 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

We have conducted a verification test of correlation between bird community indices and bird sound recording results in order to use the equipment which deals with the automatic sound collecting system, the song meter. The study areas include four sites which are Gombaeryoung and Zochimryoung in Jeombongsan Mountain and Jookryoung and Gochiryoung in Sobaeksan National Park. We collected the bird sound data five times using a sound recorder and field survey results in the same place of the study site. As a result of the sound recording from the field survey, the species recorded by three researchers of sound analyst include common resident species or species which have a relatively conspicuous call and song. On the contrary, the species recorded by only one researcher are a relatively rare or inconspicuous species or was familiar with the personal experiences of each researcher. The number of species recorded by only one researcher totaled fourteen species (36.8 %), and that of two researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %), and that of three researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %). The correlations of the number of species among three researchers was not significant in some results, but the sum or maximum count of the number of species was useful to estimate a significant correlation between the result of researchers and the indices of field surveys. As a result of correlation analysis by using sound recordings, the maximum number of species among the three researchers significantly correlated with the number of species, the species diversity index and the species abundance index in the field survey at the same site, however it did not correlate with the number of individuals and species evenness index. As a result of sound analysis collected from the stationary sound recording system; song meter, the number of frequencies in bird songs and calls correlated with the number of species in the field survey at the same site. The number of calls and songs decreased as time went by. Finally, we could test the active time range and change the activity strength by using a sound recording system. In particular, that sound recording system is able to collect data in same time and site, so it is expected so that the equipment not only replenish a shortage of researchers and survey periods in field research in a short term monitoring survey, but also be able to acquire statistical objectivity.

Evaluation of the Forest Bird Community by using a Sound Recording System -Verification for the Avifauna evaluation in the non-breeding season -

Yoo, Seung-Hwa,Han, Hyun-Jin,Kim, Dong-Won,Joo, Woo-Young Korean Society of Environment and Ecology 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

We have conducted a verification test of correlation between bird community indices and bird sound recording results in order to use the equipment which deals with the automatic sound collecting system, the song meter. The study areas include four sites which are Gombaeryoung and Zochimryoung in Jeombongsan Mountain and Jookryoung and Gochiryoung in Sobaeksan National Park. We collected the bird sound data five times using a sound recorder and field survey results in the same place of the study site. As a result of the sound recording from the field survey, the species recorded by three researchers of sound analyst include common resident species or species which have a relatively conspicuous call and song. On the contrary, the species recorded by only one researcher are a relatively rare or inconspicuous species or was familiar with the personal experiences of each researcher. The number of species recorded by only one researcher totaled fourteen species (36.8 %), and that of two researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %), and that of three researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %). The correlations of the number of species among three researchers was not significant in some results, but the sum or maximum count of the number of species was useful to estimate a significant correlation between the result of researchers and the indices of field surveys. As a result of correlation analysis by using sound recordings, the maximum number of species among the three researchers significantly correlated with the number of species, the species diversity index and the species abundance index in the field survey at the same site, however it did not correlate with the number of individuals and species evenness index. As a result of sound analysis collected from the stationary sound recording system; song meter, the number of frequencies in bird songs and calls correlated with the number of species in the field survey at the same site. The number of calls and songs decreased as time went by. Finally, we could test the active time range and change the activity strength by using a sound recording system. In particular, that sound recording system is able to collect data in same time and site, so it is expected so that the equipment not only replenish a shortage of researchers and survey periods in field research in a short term monitoring survey, but also be able to acquire statistical objectivity.

Evaluation of the Forest Bird Community by using a Sound Recording System-Verification for the Avifauna evaluation in the non-breeding season -

유승화,한현진,김동원,주우영 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

We have conducted a verification test of correlation between bird community indices and bird sound recording results in order to use the equipment which deals with the automatic sound collecting system, the song meter. The study areas include four sites which are Gombaeryoung and Zochimryoung in Jeombongsan Mountain and Jookryoung and Gochiryoung in Sobaeksan National Park. We collected the bird sound data five times using a sound recorder and field survey results in the same place of the study site. As a result of the sound recording from the field survey, the species recorded by three researchers of sound analyst include common resident species or species which have a relatively conspicuous call and song. On the contrary, the species recorded by only one researcher are a relatively rare or inconspicuous species or was familiar with the personal experiences of each researcher. The number of species recorded by only one researcher totaled fourteen species (36.8 %), and that of two researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %), and that of three researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %). The correlations of the number of species among three researchers was not significant in some results, but the sum or maximum count of the number of species was useful to estimate a significant correlation between the result of researchers and the indices of field surveys. As a result of correlation analysis by using sound recordings, the maximum number of species among the three researchers significantly correlated with the number of species, the species diversity index and the species abundance index in the field survey at the same site, however it did not correlate with the number of individuals and species evenness index. As a result of sound analysis collected from the stationary sound recording system; song meter, the number of frequencies in bird songs and calls correlated with the number of species in the field survey at the same site. The number of calls and songs decreased as time went by. Finally, we could test the active time range and change the activity strength by using a sound recording system. In particular, that sound recording system is able to collect data in same time and site, so it is expected so that the equipment not only replenish a shortage of researchers and survey periods in field research in a short term monitoring survey, but also be able to acquire statistical objectivity.

Evaluation of the Forest Bird Community by using a Sound Recording System -Verification for the Avifauna evaluation in the non-breeding season -

Seung-Hwa Yoo,Hyun-Jin Han,Dong-Won Kim,Woo-Young Joo 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

We have conducted a verification test of correlation between bird community indices and bird sound recording results in order to use the equipment which deals with the automatic sound collecting system, the song meter. The study areas include four sites which are Gombaeryoung and Zochimryoung in Jeombongsan Mountain and Jookryoung and Gochiryoung in Sobaeksan National Park. We collected the bird sound data five times using a sound recorder and field survey results in the same place of the study site. As a result of the sound recording from the field survey, the species recorded by three researchers of sound analyst include common resident species or species which have a relatively conspicuous call and song. On the contrary, the species recorded by only one researcher are a relatively rare or inconspicuous species or was familiar with the personal experiences of each researcher. The number of species recorded by only one researcher totaled fourteen species (36.8 %), and that of two researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %), and that of three researchers totaled twelve species (31.6 %). The correlations of the number of species among three researchers was not significant in some results, but the sum or maximum count of the number of species was useful to estimate a significant correlation between the result of researchers and the indices of field surveys. As a result of correlation analysis by using sound recordings, the maximum number of species among the three researchers significantly correlated with the number of species, the species diversity index and the species abundance index in the field survey at the same site, however it did not correlate with the number of individuals and species evenness index. As a result of sound analysis collected from the stationary sound recording system; song meter, the number of frequencies in bird songs and calls correlated with the number of species in the field survey at the same site. The number of calls and songs decreased as time went by. Finally, we could test the active time range and change the activity strength by using a sound recording system. In particular, that sound recording system is able to collect data in same time and site, so it is expected so that the equipment not only replenish a shortage of researchers and survey periods in field research in a short term monitoring survey, but also be able to acquire statistical objectivity.

FW-H 방법을 이용한 잠수함 표면 처리에 따른 소음 전산 해석

김승기(Seunggi Kim),유재영(Jaiyoung Ryu) 대한기계학회 2021 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11

Submarine has been performed for national defense activities representatively. Underwater Radiated Noise (URN) which emitted during underwater vehicle operation is directly related to the survivability of the underwater vehicle. This study focused on examining the effects of surface treatment on noise aspects in submarine. Numerical simulations were conducted for two cases : smooth surface as a reference case, and V-type riblet. To solve the incompressible fluid flow passing the submarine, the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation coupled with the k-ω SST turbulence model was used. As a result of examining the noise radiation around the submarine, it was confirmed that it was necessary to pay attention to the noise radiation effect in the middle part of the submarine body. And the results indicate that overall sound pressure level can be reduced about maximum 4 dB at far-field by applying riblet surface. This study provides more enhanced understanding about the surface design on underwater vehicles to reduce underwater radiated noise.

국립국악원 악기연구소 활성화를 위한 발전방안

임미선(Lim, Misun) 국립국악원 2016 국악원논문집 Vol.34 No.-

국립국악원에 악기연구소가 개소된 것은 2006년으로 설립 당시 악기연구소의 주요 목적은 악기연구 및 개발에 있었다. 국립국악원에서는 일찍이 1965년부터 악기개량 사업을 시작하였고, 이후로 국악기 개량 사업이 지속적으로 진행되었다. 악기개량 사업에서 한 단계 나아가 1989년부터 악기연구로 방향을 전환하면서 본격적인 연구사업이 실시되었다. 악기 음향연구, 음고측정 프로그램 개발, 음향 특성과 방사패턴에 대한 조사 및 연구가 2005년까지 지속적으로 진행되는 가운데 2004년 창작악단의 출범은 안정적인 기반에서 체계적인 악기연구를 위한 전문연구소의 필요성을 더하게 되었다. 국악의 새로운 지평을 열기 위하여 현대인의 미감에 맞는 악기연구의 필요성과 더불어 국악 대중화 실현을 위한 악기 보급 등의 과제를 해결하는 것도 악기연구소 설립의 목적이 되었다. 2006년 악기연구소가 출범하여 악기연구를 위한 새로운 도약의 발판을 마련한 지 어느덧 10년의 세월이 지났다. 악기연구소 개소 10주년을 맞는 시점에서 국립기관으로서 악기연구소의 위상을 높이기 위해서는 국립국악원의 비전과 목표에서 강조하고 있는 국악의 창조적 계승과 미래전략 수립에 악기연구소가 어떻게 대응할 것인가에 대한 숙고가 필요하다. 본고는 악기연구소 개소 10주년을 맞는 시점에서 악기연구소의 새로운 도약을 위하여 그간 추진해온 사업 성과와 그 이면의 한계를 진단하고, 악기연구소 활성화를 위한 발전방안에 대하여 악기연구, 음향연구 창작, 교육 등의 측면에서 제시하는 데에 목적으로 두고 논의를 전개하였다. 악기연구소의 발전을 위해서는 우선적으로 연구소 기능강화가 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 행정 조직의 확대와 전문연구원 확충이 시급하다. 또한 중장기 발전방안에 대한 실천전략이 구체적이고 유기적으로 구성되어야 한다고 본다. 한편으로 국악원의 사회적 역할로서 가장 중요한 부분이 교육에 기여하는 것이므로 이를 위해 교육용 국악기, 국악교구 개발을 강조하고 싶다. National Gugak Center launched a project to improve musical instruments in 1965 and the improvement of Gugak instruments was continued until 1989. Since then, efforts had been made to study the sound of instruments, to develop a program for measuring the pitch and to investigate features of sound and radiation patterns till 2005. As National Gugak Center established a special orchestra for creative music in 2004, people suggested the necessity of creating a professional institute to systematically study musical instruments. As a result, the korean musical instrument research office was built in National Gugak Center in 2006. It already has been a decade since the National Gugak Center was launched to prepare the basis for new development in the studying of musical instruments. It is a state-funded research center and from such an aspect, it can be said that the center has inherited the historicity of Akgidogam created during the era of Great King Sejong when the independent culture of Korean people was blooming and Akgijoseongcheong was established during the second half of the Joseon era. This paper proposes development plans to activate the korean musical instrument research office focusing on a study of musical instruments and the gugak sound, creation and education, in order to diagnose results of projects that the center had pursued and their limitations and to find ways to develop the center. The details are as follows. The center, first of all, should strengthen its functionsin order to enhance its development. For this purpose, it is urgent for the center to expand its administrative organization and to increase the number of professional researchers. The most important part of National Gugak Center s social roles is to make a contribution to education. For this, gugak instruments for education and related teaching materials should be developed. In addition, practical strategies for mid-term development plans should be formed specifically and organically. It is time to deeply think about how the center will cope with the creative inheritance of gugak and the establishment of future strategies which have always been emphasized regarding the vision and goals of National Gugak Center. Additionally, it is necessary for the center to think about its roles to promote the globalization of gugak.

Murray Schafer의 사운드스케이프 개념을 바탕으로 한 무용작품 〈RE:discovery〉의 창작과정 연구

라세영(Se-Young Ra),최상철(Sang-Cheul Choe) 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.21 No.6

본 연구는 머레이 쉐이퍼(Murray Schafer)의 사운드스케이프(Soundscape) 개념을 통해 소리의 구분, 지각, 요소의 이해를 바탕으로 일상생활 속의 소음과 비음악적인 소리를 활용한 무용작품 〈RE:discovery〉의 창작과정과 이에 대한 음악적인 효과 및 새로운 안무 유형의 가치를 탐구하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 두었다. 실기기반연구(Practice-based Research)의 방법론적 연구에 따라 실기, 이론, 평가의 단계를 몸적 자료(Somatic Data)로 축적하였으며, 『공간디자인과 조형연습』(2003)의 일부분을 기반으로 형상화 방법, 움직임 형식, 공간화 방식으로 제시하여 분석의 근거를 마련하였다. 그 결과 창작과정에서 사운드스케이프, 즉 일상생활 속의 소리에 대한 음악적 효과 및 새로운 움직임 창작방법을 발견해낼 수 있었으며, 소리 역시 작품의 전반적인 분위기, 움직임의 의미, 작품의 주제를 효과적으로 전달할 수 있는 가능성을 탐구하였다. 아울러 사운드 스케이프라는 개념을 바탕으로 연구되어 나타난 소리에 대한 잠재적 가능성은 무용작품의 또 다른 창작환경을 만들어갈 수 있을 것이라 기대한다. This study is subjected to two linked research. First is the creation process of dance work <RE:discovery> applying noise and non-musical sounds in our daily life based on understanding the classification, perception, and factor of the sound, through Murray Schafers concept of soundscape. Second is to find the value of new type of choreography and musical effect of creation process of the dance work 〈RE:discovery〉. According to methodological research of practice-based research, three stages which is practice, theory and evaluation were accumulated as somatic data, And the analysis was provided a basis by presenting in a figuration , form of the movement and method of specialization with reference to the paper 『space design and forming practice』(2003). As a result, the creation process was able to discover the musical effect of the sound in daily life and new method of choreography, and also find the possibilities that sound could convey the theme of the dance work, the meaning of the movement and the overall atmosphere of the work to audience. In addition, It is expected that will have been made another new creation environment by potential that music has based on concept soundscape.

음의 동화에 대한 실제 발음의 양적 연구

고도연(Ko, Do-yeon),엄홍준(Um, Hong-joon) 중앙어문학회 2017 語文論集 Vol.69 No.-

이 논문의 목적은 역행적 유음화와 ‘ㄹ’의 비음화와 관련된 표준 발음과 실제 발음의 차이를 비교하는 것이다. /ㄴㄹ/연쇄가 나타날 때 언중들은 [ㄹㄹ]발음과 [ㄴㄴ]발음을 선택적으로 발음하는데 이때 발음이 표준 발음법에서 제시된 것과 다를 수 있다는 것은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 선택적 교체에 대한 문제를 다시 한 번 검토하여 역행적 유음화와 비음화 모두가 표준 발음으로 인정될 필요가 있다는 것을 확인하고자 한다. 이렇게 하기 위해, 역행적 유음화와 ‘ㄹ’의 비음화가 선택적으로 발음되어 문제가 될 수 있는 단어들을 설정하고, 그 단어들에 대한 실제 발음을 조사한다. 이 후 양적 연구를 통해 두 발음의 차이를 비교 · 분석한다. This paper compares the differences between standard pronunciation and actual pronunciation in the regressive liquidization and the nasalization of liquid sound /l/. It is well known that the words with standard sound sequence [ll] can be pronounced with the sound sequence [nn] and vice versa. In this paper, we re-examine the problem of such selective substitution and suggest that both the regressive liquidization and the nasalization of liquid sound /l/ need to be treated as standard pronunciation. In order to do this, we select the words that show selective substitution between the regressive liquidization and the nasalization of /l/, and compare the standard and actual pronunciations of these words through quantitative research.

컴퓨터 그래픽스 커뮤니티에 소개된 사운드 관련 연구들

유민준(Min-Joon Yoo),이인권(In-Kwon Lee) 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회 2009 컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지 Vol.15 No.1

사운드는 가상현실 및 컴퓨터 애니메이션에서 사용자의 현실감 및 집중도를 높이기 위한 중요한 요소이다. 최근에 컴퓨터 그래픽스 분야에서도 연구자들이 사운드 관련 연구들에 관심을 가지고 여러 컴퓨터 그래픽스 학술지와 학회에 주목 할만한 연구결과들이 발표되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 그래픽스 분야에서 소개된 논문들을 중심으로, 컴퓨터 그래픽스에서 관심을 가지는 사운드 연구의 주제에 대하여 알아보고 중요성을 가지는 논문들을 소개한다. 특히 본 논문에서는 다음 두 가지 분야의 논문들을 소개한다. 첫째, 사운드를 물리적으로 합성함으로써 그래픽스의 물리 법칙에 동기화되는 사운드를 생성하는 것이다. 둘째, 음원에서 나오는 사운드가 사람에게 들리는 음향적 환경을 모델링하는 것이다. 사운드에 대한 연구에서 주된 관심은 이러한 음향학적인 물리법칙을 더욱 효율적으로 모델링하여 적은 자원으로도 실제적인 사운드 효과를 발생할 수 있는지에 대한 것이다. 이러한 관점을 중점으로 다양한 사운드 관련 논문들을 살펴보고 컴퓨터 그래픽스와의 관계를 살펴보도록 한다. Sound is very important element to enhance and reinforce reality and immersion of users in virtual reality and computer animation. Recently, significant researches about sound modeling are presented in computer graphics cummunity. In this article, main subjects are explained and major researches are rewiewed based on the sound papers presented in computer graphics community. Specially, several papers about following two subjects are reviewed in this paper: 1) synthesing sound using physically-based laws and generating sound synchronized with graphics. 2) spatializing sound and modeling sonic environment. Many research about sound modeling have been focused on more efficient modeling of real physical law and generate realitic sound with limited resources. Based on this concept, various papers are introduced and the relationship between researches about sound and graphics is discussed.

Deep learning-based methods for establishing multiple sound source maps and predicting them with high resolution and accuracy

Soo Young Lee(이수영),Jiho Chang(장지호),Seungchul Lee(이승철) 한국소음진동공학회 2020 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.11