Security technologies based on a home gateway for making smart homes secure

Kim, Geon Woo,Lee, Deok Gyu,Han, Jong Wook,Lee, Seung Hyun,Kim, Sang Wook Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2009 INTERNET RESEARCH Vol.19 No.2

<B>Purpose</B> - The purpose of this paper is to identify security technologies that are essential in making home network systems secure and to describe specialized security mechanisms for the home network and the relationships among them. <B>Design/methodology/approach</B> - The research model is designed to support three functions: authentication, authorization, and security policy. Authentication is tested in several methodologies such as id/pw, certificate, or bio; authorization is tested using RBAC methodologies; and security policy is specified using newly-designed script language, such as xHDL. <B>Findings</B> - The findings for "authentication" suggest that home network users can access services conveniently and securely. In addition, the findings for "security policy" suggest that security policy for home network requires specialized rather than general specification. <B>Practical implications</B> - The paper identifies three security functions essential for home network: authentication that supports most existing authentication mechanisms, so as to maximize user accessibility; authorization that is middleware-independent and beyond the physical transport layer; and security policy optimized for the home network environment. <B>Originality/value</B> - The paper focuses on an implementation-based security model for the home network. Though interest and research in home network security are increasing, only limited authentication applications have been adopted in real deployment up to now. This paper introduces an integrated security model and emphasizes safety and convenience so as to promote reliability in home network services.

소프트웨어 보안산업밸리 조성 타당성 분석

성영조,박병식 경기연구원 2010 위탁연구 Vol.2010 No.1

우리나라 반도체ㆍ이동통신ㆍ자동차ㆍ조선ㆍ철강 등 주력산업의 첨단기술이 기술경쟁국의 표적이 됨에 따라 최근 첨단산업기술의 유출사고가 급증하고 있다. 정부는 「산업기술 유출방지 및 보호에 관한 법률」을 제정ㆍ시행하고, 제도적 보안장치를 마련하여 첨단산업기술 유출 예방에 주력하고 있다. 정부(지식경제부)는 보안산업 세계시장 규모가 1,800억 달러('07)에서 3,680억 달러('13)로 크게 성장할 것으로 전망하고 “Securing Knowledge Korea 2013”장 동력 산업 육성 전략(2008.12.15) 발표를 통하여 보안산업의 국제경쟁력 강화, 보안산업 기술보호 설비 구축, 보안산업기술개발 지원, 보안산업 전문인력 양성 등 추진 방안을 구체화하였다. 특히 경기도는 'u경기 비전'을 선포하고 기업하기 좋은 환경, 안전하고 편리한 생활공간을 만드는 것을 목표로 2010년까지 55개의 벤처집적단지 조성, 100억원 매출기업 1000개 육성계획을 추진하여 왔고, 권역별 특화산업 혁신거점을 구축하고 있다. 경기도가 『한국보안산업의 중심 메카』 역할을 수행할 수 있도록 판교-광교-흥덕을 잇는 수도권 남부 산업단지와 경기대-아주대-수원대-성균관대를 거점으로 한 산ㆍ학ㆍ연ㆍ관 협력 보안산업밸리 조성의 타당성을 조사하였다. 타당성조사를 위해 보안산업밸리의 중심적 역할을 수행할 집적센터의 위치를 광교, 판교, 동탄의 세 개 지역을 대상으로 종합적 입지선정기준을 가지고서 조사한 결과 광교 3.85, 판교 3.57, 동탄 3.025 순위로 나타난다. 보안산업집적센터의 구체적인 입지장소를 선정하기 위해 광교의 4개 지역과 판교의 2개 지역을 선정하여 분석한 결과 가장 적합한 입지는 광교테크노밸리 내 커뮤니티부지와 광교 첨단 R&D단지 내 장기바이오생산시설예정지인 것으로 분석되었다. 보안산업집적센터의 건립시 보안업체들의 입주수요를 조사한 결과 서울지역 대상업체들의 20%, 경기지역 대상업체들의 38.1%가 입주할 의사를 표명하여 서울과 경기지역에서 총 85개 업체가 입주할 것으로 조사되었다. 실제입주수요를 보수적으로 가정하여 35%로 잡을 때 실제 입주할 업체는 최소한 30개 업체로 파악되었다. 30개 업체를 수용할 수 있는 시설규모를 추정할 때 건축연면적 6,612㎡ (2000평)이 소요되며 광교지역의 건폐율 60%, 용적률 200%을 기준으로 할 때 확보할 부지는 3,306㎡(약 1000평)이다. 이 시설규모를 바탕으로 보안산업집적센터의 건립타당성을 분석한 결과 B/C Ratio가 1.2이상으로 타당성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 경기도는 보안산업집적센터를 중심으로 경기대 산업보안특화센터, 성균관대 인터넷보안연구실, 아주대 차세대보안센터, 수원대 u-시티 보안관리 연구센터 등과 산학연기반을 구축하고, 차세대융합기술연구원, 나노소자특화팹센터, 경기바이오센터, 경기중소기업지원센터 등의 과학기술기반 혁신클러스터와 연계시켜 보안산업벨리를 조성해 나갈 수 있다. 이를 통해 기존의 첨단기술 제조업에 대한 물리/정보보안을 제고할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 더 나아가고부가가치의 융합보안으로 경쟁력을 강화시켜 나갈 수 있을 것이다. Korea's high-technologies become the target from techcompetitors of main industries in the field of semiconductor, mobile telecommunication, car, ship-building and the steel industry, etc. The government provides an institutional strategy on preventing the leaking accident of high-tech industry. Recently, the government put into enacting a law of Protection and Prevention for Industry Technology and is concentrating its energy on preventing the leaking accident of high-tech industry. The government (Ministry of Knowledge Economy) announced the promotional strategy of "Securing Knowledge Korea 2013" for preparing that global market size of security industry will increase from 180,000 million dollar in 2007 to 368,000 million dollar in 2013. On the report, the government built up the practical plan for a enforcement of international competitiveness, establishment for equipment of technology protection, R&D supporting, fostering of professional human power in Security Industry in detail. Meanwhile, Gyeonggi province made a plan to create specialized industry complexes in region and establish a number of 1000 companies. On the basis of this plan, Gyeonggi Province declares "u-Gyeonggi Vision" which makes in good entrepreneur environments and wholesome life space through achievement of the target. This research surveys the possibility of "Security Industry Valley (SIV)" in Gyeonggi province and analyzes the feasibility for constructing "Security Industry Complex (SIC)" in southern metropolitan area so as to take a role of the Mecca in Korean Security Industry. The results of SIC location analysis show that the best area of SIC is Kwangkyo town according to the score of specialist survey that Kwangkyo is 3.85, Pankyo is 3.57, Dongtan is 3.025, and that the best location of SIC is the Community Area or the alternative area of Bio-production in Kwangkyo Technology Valley. The demand survey of security firms shows that the 20% of security firms in Seoul Metropolitan area and the 38.1% of security firms in Gyeonggi province have an opinion to move into the SIC. But this research hypothesizes that about 30 security firms move be moved into SIC as conservative as possible. For holding the 30 security firms, the building size of SIC should be at least 6,612㎡, and its land size should be at least 3,306㎡. For analyzing the feasibility of SIC construction, this research analyzes the effect of the benefit of leakage prevention, the increase of local property tax, the money of allowance for repairs and maintenance, the construction cost, and land cost, etc, Analyzing the cost and benefit effects of SIC construction, this research finds that the B/C ratio of SIC construction is over 1.2 ratio. This research finds that the SIC construction project is desirable. For building SIV, Gyeonggi Province has to connect SIC with 'Industrial Security Center' in Gyeonggi University, 'Internet Security R&D Room' in SKK University, 'Advanced Security Center' in A-Ju University and 'U-City Security Management Research Center' in Suwon University for cooperating between security research centers and security firms. Also Gyeonggi province has to make that the innovation cluster on science technology such as Korea advanced Nano Fab Center, Gyeonggi Small and Medium Business Center, Gyeonggi Bio Center, and Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology can support the firms in the SIC. Gyeonggi province can strengthen the competitiveness of SIC and pass down the existing high-technology in 'physics/information security' field to 'convergence security' manufacturers.

안보와 지역: 안보개념의 정립과 동북아안보공동체의 가능성

박인휘 세종연구소 2010 국가전략 Vol.16 No.4

This research includes analyses on the definitions of security and insecurity, the referent subject of security, the meaning of threat, and the related political process. In the history of modern sovereign states 'individual security', which emphasizes the physical, economic, and social conditions of human beings, has been centered on the discussions on security. Those conditions mainly based on the 'social contract' between individuals and state stand on the reliable foundation of the domestic political stability and rational diplomatic relations with neighboring countries. In other words, 'being secured condition' of human beings only can be achieved by the understanding of the social relations or interdependence in which peoples are associated with in regional levels. The Northeast Asian region has been identified as one of the most typical regions at which the 'individual security' of the people is unlikely to be understood in the context of regional level. To achieve the better secured Northeast Asian region it is mostly necessary to explore theoretical concepts on security which would lead to develop a regional security community. 안보연구는 통상 ‘안보’ 및 ‘안보부재’를 정의하는 방법, 안보의 주체, 위협의 내용, 안보를 확보하는 방법, 그리고 관련 정치화 과정 등을 핵심 내용으로 한다. 근대 주권국가의 역사에서 안보의 출발은 ‘개인의 안보(individual security)’ 확보에 있으며, 생명의 보장과 행복한 삶으로 통칭되는 개인의 안보는 ‘국가’와의 계약을 토대로 국내 정치적 안정 및 주변 국가들과의 이성적인 외교관계를 전제로 하고 있다. 즉, 개인을 둘러싸고 있는 환경들과의 지속적인 ‘상호작용 및 사회적 연합’을 이해하고, 이를 둘러싼 다양한 노력과 실천이 안보 확보의 핵심임을 깨닫게 된다. 시간적, 공간적, 구조적 수준의 안보 이슈들이 서로 복합적으로 얽혀있는 동북아의 경우 이 지역에 살고 있는 사람들의 안보를 확보하기 위해서는 동북아를 하나의 지역으로 설정한 공동체적 접근이 긴요히 요구된다. 그러기 위해서는 무엇보다도 동북아 지역의 안보를 구성하고 있는 인식적 요소 및 관련 개념화 작업이 필요하다고 판단된다.

보안산업 육성을 위한 법률 제명 개정에 관한 논의 : 「경비업법」의 개정

김태민,신상민 한국융합보안학회 2016 융합보안 논문지 Vol.16 No.1

선진국들은 사회안전 확보와 경찰 등 공경비와의 협력치안, 그리고 자국 내 보안산업의 육성과 경제발전 차원에서민간경비를 발전시켜 오고 있다. 국내에서도 1976년 「용역경비업법(현재, 경비업법)」이 제정되면서 제도적으로 급성장할 수 있는 계기를 마련하여 현재에 이르고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 현행 「경비업법」의 법률 제명에 대해서는 학자들과 업계로부터 개정논의가 꾸준하게 이루어져 오고 있다. 특히 2012년에는 「민간보안산업에 관한 법률」로 법률의 제명을 변경하자는 ‘경비업법 전부개정법률안(의안번호: 2389)’이 발의되기도 하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 실정에서 경호학자들의 의견수렴을 통하여 보안산업 육성을 위한 법률 제명 제안 및 개정에 관하여 논의하고자 하였다. 법률제명은 개정되는 것이 당연하고, 법률 제명의 개정은 보안산업 육성을 위해 여러 가지 측면에서 긍정적인 요인으로 작용할 수 있어 시급히 개정될 필요성이 있다. 연구결과 경호학자들은 「경비업법」의 개정안으로 첫째 「경호보안산업법」으로 개정되기를 희망하고 있으며, 다음으로는「보안산업에 관한 법률」로 개정되기를 희망하고 있었다. 법률의 제명 개정에 따라 후속조치로 법령 조문들 또한 많은 부분 개정되어야 할 것이다. Developed countries have been taking their private security industry to the next advanced level to maintain safety of society, promote cooperative security in conjunction with public security such as the police, cultivate domestic security industry, and spur economic growth. In Korea, Service Security Business Act(currently, Security Business Act) enacted in 1976 laid groundwork for rapid institutional development. Nonetheless, the need to rename current title of Security Business Act has been discussed continuously among scholars and industry. Particularly, a bill(bill no.: 2389) was proposed in 2012 to rename ‘Security Business Act’ completely to ‘Private Security Industry Act’. Under those circumstances, this study was intended to discuss proposals that had been made to rename the Act for underpinning development of security industry, along with its amendment, by gathering opinions from scholars in the field of security. It is undeniable that there is need for renaming the Act. As the renaming of the Act can have positive impact in many aspects for promotion of security industry, the urgency to rename the Act is indisputable. The results suggested that scholars specializing in security hoped the Security Business Act to be renamed primarily to Guard and Security Industry, and if not, to be renamed to Security Industry Act. The renaming of the Act will give rise to the need to amend many parts of provisions contained therein as follow-up action.

Mapping Out the Possible Outcomes of the Security Dilemma in International Politics

Er-Win Tan Institute for International Trade and Cooperation, 2019 Asian International Studies Review Vol.20 No.1

Whilst a significant amount of work has been undertaken in the field of security dilemma theory, there is a gap in the academic literature concerning the possible scenarios that may result from this phenomenon in international politics. To date, no known systematic attempt has been made to consider the full range of scenarios that may result from the security dilemma. Six possible scenario outcomes may be identified, these being: first, the security dilemma is transcended; second, a security-seeking state leaves itself unilaterally vulnerable to external aggression; third, the inappropriate adoption of diplomatic and military assertiveness to reaffirm deterrence instead arouses the fears of another security-seeking state, thereby leading to inadvertent escalation of a crisis into a conflict; fourth, a ‘deep security dilemma’ based on long-running mutual hostility that does not escalate into conflict; fifth, a security dilemma that escalates to the brink of conflict but is then de-escalated; and sixth, mitigation of the security dilemma between rival states. This article will explore these respective scenarios in terms of their underpinnings, as well as their implications for security and diplomacy

보안메트릭과 사이버 내성에 대한 연구동향분석에 관한연구

이수진,안성진 한국융합보안학회 2018 융합보안 논문지 Vol.18 No.1

오늘날 새롭게 등장한 Science of Security (SoS)라는 분야는 사이버 보안 영역에 대한 과학적인 접근 방법을 적용한 연구분야로서 보안 영역에서 등장한 새로운 패러다임이라고 할 수 있다. 복잡하고, 큰 규모 네트워크 환경의 동적인 변화와 다수의 프로토콜과 메커니즘 환경이 존재하는 현대에 이러한 네트워크 환경에 대한 보안을 위해 Formal Model과 자동화 분야를연구하는 방향이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 SoS와 같은 최신 사이버 보안 연구 동향에 대해서 분석하고, 선진국들의 연구 동향사례들을 조사하여 국내의 사이버 보안 개발 방향에 대해 새로운 접근 방법을 검토하고자 한다. 또한 다양한 사이버 보안의패러다임에 대한 과학적 보안 연구 방법에 대해 국내의 현황을 분석해 보고 국내 사이버 보안 활성화에 대한 방향을 제시하고자 한다. The emerging field of Science of Security (SoS) is a new paradigm that emerged in the field of security as a research field that applied the scientific approach to cyber security. It is a direction to study the formal model and automation field to secure the security of such a network environment in the present that dynamic change of complex, large scale network environment and a lot of protocol and mechanism environment exists. Therefore, this study analyzes the latest cyber security research trends such as SoS and examines the research trends of advanced countries to examine a new approach to cyber security development direction in Korea. We also analyze the current state of domestic scientific research on the scientific security research methods for various cyber security paradigms and present directions for revitalizing domestic cyber security.

경호심리학 연구의 융합적 접근 -경호학과 심리학-

김태민 한국범죄심리학회 2020 한국범죄심리연구 Vol.16 No.4

In contemporary society, crime and terrorism have become routine occurrences, causing people to feel intimidated psychologically in an unsafe and dangerous society. Crimes have tended to become increasingly inhuman, ferocious, atrocious, and borders between nations are breaking down, while threats of terrorist attacks are spreading. In response to that, the security industry is making strides to meet human desire for psychological safety, and the academic research and exploration by the security science should be conducted more profoundly. Psychology represents the study of the science investigating the state of mind and behavior, and has influenced and contributed significantly to overall academic fields of studies. Security Psychology is a type of study that aims to increase understanding of complex state of mind of the security guards, persons protected by security guards, perpetrators, and the crowd, the elements of security, based on the pattern of their behaviors. In a narrow sense, the Security Psychology can be defined as empirical science that scientifically investigates the behavior and psychological processes of security guards. In particular, the Security Psychology pays attention to the psychological factors that affect the security subjects and the measures for overcoming such psychological factors when security duties are performed. This study aimed to promote academic development of the Security Psychology through the approach based on convergence between Security Science and Psychology. Moreover, this study was intended to present the topics of psychology and research subjects that would need to be converged with the Security Psychology, the topics of lectures on the Security Psychology, and the challenges for development of the Security Psychology. This study is significantly meaningful in that it attempted the research converging the academic disciplines of Security Science and Psychology. Furthermore, the results of this study would contribute to academic advancement of the Security Psychology as a new study integrated into the curriculum for security-related departments. 현대사회에서는 범죄와 테러의 일상화로 국민들은 심리적으로 위축되고 불안전한 위험사회를 살아가고 있다. 범죄는 날로 비인간적이고 흉포화 되고 있으며, 국가 간 경계가 허물어지며 테러위협도 확산되고 있다. 여기에 맞서 인간의 심리적 안전욕구를 충족해 주기 위해 시큐리티 산업은 발전하고 있으며, 경호학의 학문적 연구와 고민도 심오해 져야 한다. 심리학은 마음과 행동에 관한 과학적 연구의 학문이며, 여러 학문분야 전반에 많은 영향을 끼치고 공헌을 해오고 있다. 경호심리학은 경호의 요소인 경호원, 경호대상자, 위해자, 군중 등의 행동을 통해 복잡한 마음 상태를 알아가는 학문이다. 좁은 의미에서는 경호원의 행동과 심리과정을 과학적으로 연구하는 경험과학으로 정의할 수 있다. 특히 경호심리학에서는 경호임무수행 시 경호주체에 미치는 심리요인과 극복 방안에 관하여 관심을 두고 있다. 이 연구에서는 경호학과 심리학의 융합적 접근을 통해 경호심리학의 학문적 발전을 도모하고자 하는데 연구의 목적으로 두었다. 또한 경호심리학에 융합해야 할 심리학의 주제와 연구대상, 경호심리학 강의의 주제, 그리고 경호심리학의 발전과제를 제시하고자 하였다. 이 연구는 경호학과 심리학이라는 학문 간 융합적 연구로서 큰 의미를 가진다. 더불어 경호 관련 학과 교과목으로 편성되고 있는 신생 학문으로서 경호심리학의 학문적 발전에도 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

한국 국제정치학에 있어 안보연구의 경향 평가와 전망: 1963-2000년간 『국제정치논총』에 게재된 관련 논문 내용 분석을 중심으로

박영준 고려대학교 평화와 민주주의연구소 2017 평화연구 Vol.19 No.1

The study of national security has been a centerpiece of international studies. This paper tries to overview the Korean security studies which have been appeared its annually published journals since the establishment of Korea Association of International Studies in the later 1950s. During the Cold War period, Korean security studies had emphasized possible threats from North Korea as well as surrounding super powers rivalry. To respond to it, Korean theorists of security studies who were strongly influenced by realist approach proposed multiple tools for national security such as a formation of alliance with the United States, forging the collective security organization of anti-communist countries in the region, and self-strengthening of military powers. It should be noted that some theorists suggested a more liberal approach such as the concept of ‘security for mutual benefit’ or a policy of ‘expanding diplomacy toward communist countries’ prior to the non-traditional security concepts which became prevalent after the demise of the Cold War system among Western scholars. With the advent of Post-Cold War Period, Korean security studies began to suggest more liberal approach of security studies implementing the concept of ‘common security’ or ‘cooperative security’ to the real diplomatic sphere. Based upon these security studies, Korean government could actively propose multilateral security framework in the region and published its national security strategy reflecting the ‘comprehensive security concept.’ Foreseeing more conflicting security environments surrounding Korean peninsula, Korean security studies should focus on formation of its own security theory based on indigenous historical experience. 국가안보란 국가의 주권과 국민의 생명에 대해 가해지는 위협요인을 식별하고, 이를 배제하기 위해, 군사, 정치, 외교, 경제적 수단들을 강구하려는 국가의 정책적 노력을 가리킨다. 무정부 상태를 방불케 하는 국제정치의 세계에서 국가안보는 국가의 우선적인 정책목표가 되어 왔다. 따라서 국제정치학의 영역에서도 국가안보연구는 중심적인 위치를 점해 왔다. 이 글은 『국제정치논총』을 중심으로 지난 60여 년간 한국 국제정치학자들이 국가안보에 대해 발언해온 담론들을 분석하고, 향후 발전 방향을 모색하기 위해 작성되었다. 냉전기 한국의 연구자들은 주로 현실주의적 시각에 입각하여, 북한의 군사적 위협과 한반도를 둘러싼 강대국들 간의 세력관계를 주요 위협으로 인식하였다. 이러한 위협에 대응하기 위해 동맹의 체결, 집단안보기구의 형성, 그리고 자주국방 정책을 통한 국력 강화 방안 등을 정책수단으로 제안해 왔다. 적대국과의 공존을 추구하는 ‘호혜적 안보’ 나, 군사안보 이외에 국제법이나 국제기구를 활용한 포괄적 안보개념이 선구적으로 제안되기도 하였다. 탈냉전기 이후 한국 연구자들은 서구에서 유래된 ‘공동안보’ 및 ‘협력안보’의 개념을 적극 수용하여, 북한과의 공존적 관계 구축, 그리고 동북아 역내에서의 ‘다자간 안보협의체’ 구축 등의 정책방침을 제안하였다. 이 같은 연구자들의 국가안보연구는 21세기 들어 노무현 정부나 이명박 정부의 『국가안보전략서』에 반영되는 성과도 나타났다. 그러나 국가안보에 관한 이론적 자산을 주로 서구에서 유래된 개념들에 의존하거나, 한국 국가안보정책 전개에 대한 실증적 고찰이 부족한 점은 한국 안보연구의 한계라고 하지 않을 수 없다. 불확실성을 더해가는 한반도와 동북아 안보정세를 타개해 나가기 위해서라도, 한국의 국가안보연구가 이러한 한계들을 극복해 가려는 노력들이 필요할 것이다.

Analysis on the Bidding System of the Private SECURITY Business through Improvement in Republic of KOREA

Jeong Su-hong J-INSTITUTE 2017 Protection Convergence Vol.2 No.1

The national police service in Korea became incapable to satisfy demand for crime prevention and security as the Korean society has become urbanized. Despite the expansion of role and function of police, the shortage in absolute number of policeman and budget, outdated police equipments, excessive over-working time and work load, as a limiting factors, prevent police service from effective crime prevention. These inability of police service, a parent body of national security, to satisfy the expectation of citizens in qualitative and quantitative aspects, led to the increase in importance of private security industry. Especially, the realization that the public agency is no more a mechanism to protect private possessions and social activities due to problems such as absence of institutional safety device and accordingly, the increase of perception that My Safety by Myself are contributing the creation of demands for private security. Most of private security companies, however, are struggling only for survival and profit instead of attempts to develop professional competence. In addition, the qualitative im-balance in security service due to the over-competition (lowest bid agreement, dumping agreement), absence of overall review for staff-related problems from supervision and coach to recruitment identity guarantee, and ben-efits due to lack of legal support, image depletion for private security companies because of various illegal acts, are all contributing to barrier to development of private safety industry and these factors may explain the quali-tative stationary state despite the quantitative expansion of this field. The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data to develop directions to address bid-related prob-lems of private security fields such as bidding corruption, acquire fairness, transparency, and equality in order to propose an improvement measures ensuring qualitative efficiency by analyzing the current status of bidding sys-tem of domestic private security industry. The institutions that benefit whole stakeholders including users, companies, and security staffs, based on ad-ministrative transparency and fairness, need to be in place through improvement in bidding system in order to use effective private security service. The monogamous dominance of big private security company, in accord-ance with Security Industry Act may force small-medium companies that inferior in funds and man-power to be in poor performance, therefore, a measure should be sought to ensure both each specialization and whole growth of private security industry. For the qualitative development underpinning the quantitative growth of domestic private security industry, the bidding systems, based on improvement measures to mandate users to apply right-ful bidding system and ensure administrative transparency and equitable opportunity, need to be in place. In other words, the bidding system in private sector may have advantages of simplicity in administration and saving of expense in short-term, however may cause qualitative problems such as over-competition, lowest price bidding, lowest wage in long-term in private security industry, therefore the improvement of bidding system is essential to promise development of domestic private security industry.

고려시대 호위조직의 무예활동에 관한 사적 고찰

이민형 ( Min Hyung Lee ) 대한무도학회 2009 대한무도학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Security organization got a great deal of weight on National Government. As Martial arts activities of security organizations in Korea Dynasty had political influence, so the study on the transition of security organizations of Korea Dynasty through Martial arts activities must be significant in the historical study on security. Before and after the period when military officials seized political power, security was focused on Royal guards. In the period of military officials of power, security was enacted as private security only for military officials who held the reins of power. In Korea Dynasty the security organizations should be made up of warriors with Martial arts ability, which was verified through Subak, Archery, Horsemanship, and so on. The security warriors were selected and promoted directly by King or the man of political power through the Martial arts activities in Korea Dynasty, which presented that the Martial arts activity of security organizations in Korea Dynasty had political meaning as well as essential value as security. Consequently, Martial arts activities of security organizations in Korea Dynasty were connected directly with safety of Kings or men of power and security warriors should be endowed with Martial arts ability, which was the base of political growth.