생물다양성 관련 정책의 우선순위 및 중요도 분석

오새라(Sae ra Oh),김규호(Kyu ho Kim),임정빈(Jeong bin Im) 한국농업정책학회, 한국축산경영학회 2017 농업경영정책연구 Vol.44 No.1

In-situ conservation and Ex-situ conservation are two basic types of biodiversity conservation which are in respective article of the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD). To successfully implement CBD, conservation of biodiversity is fundamentally required. In this regard, this paper aims to look over domestic policies related to in-situ conservation and ex-situ conservation and, to investigate priority and relative importance of the elements. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, we use Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method as an useful tool of the multi-criteria decision making approach in combination with expert interviews. The main results of the study are as follows: In-situ conservation is scored more priority scale than ex-situ conservation, as CBD specifies it as the primary conservation strategy. Among the in-situ conservation policies, ‘development regulatory provisions for the protection of threatened species and population’ and ‘establishment a system of protected area and development the necessary guidelines for the protected areas’ have more priority than any other measures. And among the ex-situ conservation policies, ‘effort for recovery and rehabilitation of threatened species and fore their reintroduction into natural habits’ are significantly considered in expert groups related to biodiversity conservation. In conclusion, the government should gather and harmonize various policies in the field of biodiversity rather than constructing new strategy or policy. As biodiversity issues are comprehensive, we need to pursue policy consistency and manage the conflict affecting biodiversity.

해양동물 보전을 위한 서식지외 보전기관에 대한 대중의 인식조사에 관한 연구 - 국립해양박물관사례를 중심으로

이범석,권석재,김태균 한국항해항만학회 2019 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.43 No.6

The increase in human use and activity in the oceans is leading to marine pollution and habitat destruction. As a result, in particular, marine animals with a long life cycle and small population are threatened with extinction. Thus, the Korean government designated 11 artificial habitats, such as aquariums and marine museums, as Ex-situ conservation institutions to preserve endangered marine life in 2010. However, studies on the significance and economic value of Ex-situ conservation institutions providing marine life conservation services have not been conducted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to estimate the public's quantitative support for the operation policy of Ex-situ conservation institutions, which is a management method for the protection and propagation of marine animals in Korea. To achieve this, the economic value of the marine animal conservation role of the National Maritime Museum was estimated, operated as an Ex-situ conservation institution for the preservation of green turtles in Korea. By using the representative non-market valuation method for public goods known as the contingent valuation method (CVM), the economic value of the Ex-situ conservation institution (National Maritime Museum) was estimated at approximately 41.8 billion won to a maximum of 78.1 billion won. The results of this study can be applied as basic data for marine animal management policymakers in establishing efficient management plans for endangered marine animals in Korea’s coastal waters. 해양에 대한 인간의 이용과 활동의 증가는 해양오염, 해양생태계 및 서식지 파괴로 이어지고 있다. 이러한 결과, 특히 생애주기가 길고 개체수가 적은 해양동물은 멸종위기에 내몰리고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 우리나라 정부는 2010년부터 수족관이나 해양박물관과 같이 인공적인 서식장소 11개를 서식지외 보전기관으로 지정하여 멸종위기에 처한 해양생물들을 보전하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 그러나, 해양생물의 보전 서비스를 제공하는 서식지외 보전기관에 대한 중요성과 그 경제적 가치를 추정한 연구는 아직 이루어지지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 해양동물의 보호와 증식을 위한 관리방안인 서식지외 보전기관의 운영정책에 대한 일반시민들의 정량적 지지도를 추정하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우리나라 푸른바다거북의 보전을 위해 시식지외 보전기관으로 운영되고 국립해양박물관의 해양동물 보전역할에 대한 경제적 가치를 추정하였다. 연구의 결과, 서식지외 보전기관과 같은 비시장재인 공공재에 대한 대표적인 가치추정법인 조건부가치추정법을 적용하여 추정된 서식지외 보전기관(국립해양박물관)의 경제적 가치는 약 418억원에서 최대 약 781억원으로 나타났다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 해양동물관리 정책자들에게 우리나라 연안해역에 서식하는 멸종위기에 처한 해양동물의 효율적인 관리방안 수립에 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

섬현삼의 종자발아와 분화재배를 통한 현지외 보전

이수광,김성식,구자정 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2014 농업생명과학연구 Vol.48 No.4

This study was conducted to identify the overall phase of biology through seed germination andpot cultivation of endangered and endemic species, Scrophularia takesimensis which is offering thebiological basic data for ex situ conservation. Seed germination rate was the highest at 66% whenseed were pre-chilled(30 days) and soaked in distilled water and then sown in bedsoil under 50%shading condition. Also we examined the effects of seedlings size, type of soil and shadingcondition for pot cultivation. Seedlings size as a ‘samll’(plant height 2.5 cm, number of leaves 4,leaf width 1.2 cm, leaf length 1.7 cm) was the best and efficiency quality in bedsoil undernon-shading condition with the growth characteristics of plant height(39 cm), number of leaves(29),leaf width(9.1 cm), leaf length(5.9 cm), root length(14.2 cm) and fresh weight(above ground/belowground; 23/5.3 g) and dry weight(above ground/below ground; 4.6/1.3 g). Futhermore there was94% or more flowering and fruiting in this condition. In this study, we have established thecultivation and ex situ conservation of S. takesimensis. Therefore propagated plants(over 3,000individual) could be used for not only various research but also ex situ conservation. 본 연구는 희귀특산식물인 섬현삼의 식물 생활사의 전반적인 단계를 종자 발아와 분화재배를 통해 구명하여 현지외 보전의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 종자 발아는 30일간 저온습윤처리하여 증류수에48시간 침지처리한 종자를 클라스만 상토가 채워진 육묘용 묘판에 파종 후 50% 차광처리시 66%의 최대 발아율을 나타냈다. 분화재배는 유묘크기가 소(초장 2.5 cm, 엽수 4매, 엽폭 1.2 cm, 엽장 1.7 cm)인 식물을 원예용상토가 충진된 분화용기에 이식하여 무차광처리에서 재배시 초장 39 cm, 엽수 29매,엽폭 9.1 cm, 엽장 5.9 cm, 근장 14.2 cm, 지상/지하부 생중량 및 건중량이 각각 23 / 5.3 g, 4.6 / 1.3g 이상의 우수한 생육특성을 나타내었다. 또한 이 조건에서 94% 이상의 개화율을 나타내었고 모든 개화 개체에서 종자결실을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 섬현삼의 현지외 보전과 관련된 일련의 과정을 확립하였다. 따라서 증식된 섬현삼 개체에 대해 현지외 보전 뿐만아니라 다양한 연구분야에 적용이 가능하리라 생각된다.

Determination of the minimum population size for ex situ conservation of water-shield (Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin) inferred from AFLP analysis

김창균,최홍근,나혜련,정종덕,김호준,현진오,신현철 한국생태학회 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.4

Determination of the minimum population size is an important component for the ex situ conservation of an endangered species. Here, we present the identification of collection strategies that most efficiently captured the genetic diversity of Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin (water-shield) in natural populations from the mainland (MGC) and Jeju Island (JNS) of South Korea, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 313 and 383 polymorphic bands were detected in the MGC and JNS populations, respectively. All of the 140 sampled ramets were distinguishable by the presence of distinct AFLP phenotypes. According to the simulation of the individual sampling by maximization sampling,25 and 28 individuals captured all of the genetic diversity in the MGC population (mainland of South Korea) and the JNS population (Jeju Island), respectively. The level of genetic diversity of the core collections was similar to the entire collection,indicating that the core collections very well represent the diversity of the entire collection. We therefore suggest a management unit of B. schreberi based on the genetic information for assessing the minimum population size for its ex situ conservation.

Determination of the minimum population size for ex situ conservation of water-shield (Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin) inferred from AFLP analysis

Kim, Changkyun,Na, Hye Ryun,Jung, Jongduk,Kim, Hojoon,Hyun, Jin-Oh,Shin, Hyunchur,Choi, Hong-Keun The Ecological Society of Korea 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.4

Determination of the minimum population size is an important component for the ex situ conservation of an endangered species. Here, we present the identification of collection strategies that most efficiently captured the genetic diversity of Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin (water-shield) in natural populations from the mainland (MGC) and Jeju Island (JNS) of South Korea, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 313 and 383 polymorphic bands were detected in the MGC and JNS populations, respectively. All of the 140 sampled ramets were distinguishable by the presence of distinct AFLP phenotypes. According to the simulation of the individual sampling by maximization sampling, 25 and 28 individuals captured all of the genetic diversity in the MGC population (mainland of South Korea) and the JNS population (Jeju Island), respectively. The level of genetic diversity of the core collections was similar to the entire collection, indicating that the core collections very well represent the diversity of the entire collection. We therefore suggest a management unit of B. schreberi based on the genetic information for assessing the minimum population size for its ex situ conservation.

Endangered Durio spp. conservation and seed germination in Indonesia

Sudarmono Sudarmono,Prameswari Diana,Dodo Dodo,Sumanto Sumanto,Damayanti Frisca,Handayani Tri,Hartutiningsih Hartutiningsih,Latifah Dian,Hidayat Syamsul,Sustiprijanto Sustiprijanto,Widiastuti Diana 한국산림과학회 2023 Forest Science And Technology Vol.19 No.2

Wild king fruit (Durio spp, Malvaceae) is a threatened native tree species in Kalimantan, Indonesia which needs significant and urgent cultivation. This study characterized the appearance, flavor, and germination rate of four durian species D. zibethinus, D. dulcis, D. kutejensis, and D. oxleyanus. The results showed that D. oxleyanus was one of the superior fruits with a very sweet flavor, smooth texture, and juicy flesh despite its green thorny exter- ior. Four months after sowing, the germination capacities (p-value 0.18) were as follows: D. kutejensis 7% (± 1.4%), D. dulcis 0%, D. oxleyanus 1% (± 0%), and D. zibethinus 21% (± 26.2%) at Banua. In Bogor, West Java, seed germination was: D. zibethinus 58% (± 2.8%) which developed into seedlings, D. kutejensis 10% (± 0%), and 0% for both D. dulcis and D. oxleyanus). Ex-situ conservation of the four Durio species by seed propagation needs to be conducted carefully to avoid the failure of seedling growth.

낙엽송 임분에 침입한 층층나무의 공간분포에 따른 유전변이

장석성 ( Jang Seog Seong ),홍경락 ( Hong Gyeong Lag ),이석우 ( Lee Seog U ),김홍은 ( Kim Hong Eun ) 한국산림과학회 2004 한국산림과학회지 Vol.93 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the spatial genetic structure of Cornus controversa growing in a 33-year-old L a n i kaempferi stand in Mt. Odae, Korea. Size of the study plot was 1,500㎡ (30m×50m). The number of trees, averages of tree height and diameter in breast height (DBH) of L . kaempferi which occupied the upper crown layer were 209, 15.7m and 16.2㎝, respectively. C. controvema formed the middle crown layer, and the number of trees, averages of tree height and DBH were 229, 5. ml and 3.7cm, respectively. Species in the study plot were the typical ones growing on the northern slope with less intensity of radiation and good soil humidity. The species composition was similar to that of DryopterZS crassirhizom- C. controvema community group in Mt. Odea. The spatial distribution pattern of L. kaemflfen` was the regularity, but the randomness in C. controvem. The genetic analysis with 229 C. controvem trees for 12 loci in 8 enzyme systems resulted in 4 polymorphic (Lap2 et al.) and 4 monomorphic (Aat-1 et al.) loci. The number of genotypes for 10 alleles in 4 ploymorphic loci and the number of trees per genotype were 33 and 6.9 (SD=12.2), respectively. The maximum number of trees per genotype was 60, and the number of cases that were only one tree per genotype was 11. Spatial autocorrelation analysis using the distance interval of 4m showed that Moran`s I statistic was decreased gradually with the increase of spatial distance until 16m and there was no genetic relationship among trees at the range of 16-24m. The genetic patchy size of C. controvema was 16m. The main factor in the settlement of C. controvem trees in L. kaempfen` stand might be the evacuation of birds eating the seed, instead of seed movement caused by the gravity. If the foraging guild of birds has been regularly active in L . kaem$feri stand, the genetic patchiness of C. controvema can be established without the nearby adults. When trees are selected with the distance interval of 28m, they will be more genetically diverse for the ex situ conservation. Also, it takes small genetic diversity of this study area into consideration, it may be better to collect trees in other regions of Mt. Odae for the effective ex situ conservation.

Towards Conservation of Threatened Ceropegia Species Endemic to a Biodiversity Hotspot: In Vitro Microtuber Production and Proliferation, a Novel Strategy

Pandit, Sagar Subhash,Nair, Aneeshkumar,Naik, Dhiraj Dilip Institute of Forest Science 2008 Journal of Forest Science Vol.24 No.2

Twenty-eight of 44 Indian Ceropegia species are endemic and their survival is threatened. As a step towards conservation, we implied in vitro methods for the sustainable propagule production in C. hirsuta, C. lawii, C. maccannii, C. oculata and C. sahyadrica. Effects of explant, growth regulators, sucrose and photoperiod were studied. High frequency microtuber production was achieved with the seedling-apical buds, grown on MS medium containing 4-6 mg $1^{-1}$ BAP, 3-8% (w/v) sucrose, under continuous illumination. Each microtuber, when subcultured proliferated to form a cluster of secondary microtubers. Every primary and secondary microtuber bore at least one shoot-bud and a root primordium. Each tuber (formed with any of the significantly effective treatments) weighed more than 500 mg, enough to plant directly in non-sterilized soils. Microtubers could be produced and proliferated round the year. Proliferation could be solely attributed to in vitro procedures as these plants bear solitary tubers in vivo. Microtubers could be sprouted in vitro to prepare ready to pot plantlets. As, this novel method succeeded for all five species, though they belong to different eco-physiological backgrounds, we recommend its implementation in the conservation programs for a broader range of Ceropegia species, supported by other integrated strategies.

Towards Conservation of Threatened Ceropegia Species Endemic to a Biodiversity Hotspot: In Vitro Microtuber Production and Proliferation, a Novel Strategy

Sagar Subhash Pandit,Aneeshkumar Nair,Dhiraj Dilip Naik 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2008 Journal of Forest Science Vol.24 No.2

Twenty-eight of 44 Indian Ceropegia species are endemic and their survival is threatened. As a step towards conservation, we implied in vitro methods for the sustainable propagule production in C. hirsuta, C. lawii, C. maccannii, C. oculata and C. sahyadrica. Effects of explant, growth regulators, sucrose and photoperiod were studied. High frequency microtuber production was achieved with the seedling-apical buds, grown on MS medium containing 4-6 mg l-1 BAP, 3-8% (w/v) sucrose, under continuous illumination. Each microtuber, when subcultured proliferated to form a cluster of secondary microtubers. Every primary and secondary microtuber bore at least one shoot-bud and a root primordium. Each tuber (formed with any of the significantly effective treatments) weighed more than 500 mg, enough to plant directly in non-sterilized soils. Microtubers could be produced and proliferated round the year. Proliferation could be solely attributed to in vitro procedures as these plants bear solitary tubers in vivo. Microtubers could be sprouted in vitro to prepare ready to pot plantlets. As, this novel method succeeded for all five species, though they belong to different eco-physiological backgrounds, we recommend its implementation in the conservation programs for a broader range of Ceropegia species, supported by other integrated strategies.

In situ and Ex situ Conservation of Erioborya Plants in China

Youli Hu,Shunquan Lin,Xianghui Yang,Hailan Zhang,Chengming Liu,Xiaolong He,Yehua He 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-