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신중호,박찬 한국자원공학회 2018 한국자원공학회지 Vol.55 No.4
This study analyzed the hydromechanical behaviors of hydraulic and natural fractures caused by fluid injection, such as fracture closing-reopening and the related pressure parameters, stress mechanism changes, slippage-dilation criterion of natural fracture, and complex fracture intersections. When hydraulic and natural fractures intersect, the conditions for crossing, slippage, and dilation depend on intersection angles between fracture and stress direction, differential stress, and mechanical properties such as cohesion and friction coefficient of the fractures. Micro-mechanical and quantitative assessment technologies should be further developed for the analyses of fluid-fracture dynamics and the induced seismicity-like phenomenon. 지하 암반 내 유체 주입에 의한 수압파쇄 균열과 자연 균열의 수리역학적 거동과 관련하여균열 개폐와 압력 변수 관계, 응력 메카니즘 변화, 자연 균열의 미끄러짐-팽창 기준, 복합균열 교차 전파 등의 관계를 분석하였다. 자연 균열면의 열림 상태에 따라 균열 거동과 관련한 압력 변수 및 응력해석해 적용의 유효성에 차이가 있었다. 수압파쇄 균열과 자연 균열의 교차시에 수압파쇄 균열의 자연 균열 관통, 자연 균열의 미끄러짐 또는 팽창 열림 등의기준은 두 균열의 교차각, 주응력 방향과의 교차각, 주응력의 차, 균열면의 역학적 특성인점착력과 마찰계수 등에 의해 좌우된 다. 이러한 유체-불연속면 동역학적 거동 및 때로 수반되는 지진동 같은 현상의 관계 규명에는 미시역학적이고 정량 적인 연구와 평가기법 개발이 있어야 한다.
박진훈 한국제임스조이스학회 2004 제임스조이스저널 Vol.10 No.1
In Joyce's age, Irish priests were regarded as the dominant subjects of society. The priests participated in the political actions and many social activities. They also were concerned with the secular affairs such as the fox hunting, materialism. In addition they had the haughtiness as the imperialist who thought of themselves as the ideal stereotype. So the Irish priests treated the young students as the inferior beings or the Others. To criticize these states quo, Joyce described the priests as the men who represented the imperial figures in Portrait. In Portrait there are many priests(Fathers) who represent the imperial articulations and behaviors in Clongowes and in Belvedere College. Especially Father Arnall, Father Dolan, and rector showed the students their haughty and violent articulations / behaviors as the imperialists as follows. At first, Father Arnall had the four imperial aspects in his articulations and behaviors. He represented the slippages of articulation in 'the sermon of the hell' and 'the quotation of bible'(116-46). Also he infused the Britain / imperial historical view into the students(8). And he ignored the students' identity(50), forcing the prefects and officers to set good examples to their fellow students(118). Secondly, Father Dolan who hit the Stephen unfairly and cruelly had the four imperial aspects, too. He presented the lack of affection for the colonized students. And he didn't admit the colonized individual reality. Futhermore he held scorn in the school's law and broke the law with his haughtiness. He always enjoyed the linguistic violence to the students, too. Finally, the rector of the college represented the imperial images. He had the disgusting images such as "waning figure, the shrewd northern face, and the craft of jesuits." Futhermore in spite of misunderstanding Stephen's false piety, he inducted Stephen to be a priest. Eventually he was absurd enough not to recognize the Other's identity correctly. It represented the imperial partiality of judgment. In conclusion the Irish priests represented the typical figures of imperialism consciously or unconsciously. Their articulations and behaviors, however, had the contradiction in themselves, for they were only agents and mimics of colonialist authority. Therefore the irony of the imperial representation of these priests was that on the contrary they were reducing the imperial authority because of the partiality on their representation.
변철진(Chuljin Byun),강오성(Ohsung Kang),이창건(Changkun Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2007 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Since a clevis-type joint has a assembly tolerance between bracket and sleeve, bolt size and fastening specification should be designed with consideration of a clamping load loss. Torque only tightening method shows a big variation of pretension load. Otherwise, torque and angle over the yield tightening method shows a reduced variation and increased minimum pretension load. This paper presents an effect of assembly tolerance on a clamping load loss and evaluates a variation of pretension load according to two different tightening methods. The theoretical modeling method to calculate a snug torque and angle for torque and angle controlled tightening is also introduced.