지지면 간격변화에 따른 푸시업(Push-up) 굽힘동작과 푸시업 플러스(Push-up plus) 동작시 상지 근육의활성도 비교

김은영,박흥기,안병헌,Kim, Eun-Young,Park, Hung-Gi,Ahn, Byung-Heon 대한물리치료과학회 2008 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the muscle activity of shoulder stabilization according to change of supporting base interval between push-up bend and push-up plus position and is to prevent or treat a shoulder injury by the most effective exercise for rehabilitation. Methods : This study analyzed the muscle activity according to change of supporting base interval between push-up bend and push-up plus movement. The participants without neuromuscular disease were 25 students - 12 males and 13 females - all twenty or over and the surface electrode of EMG attached on pectoralis major, triceps long head, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi. The process has practiced 3 sessions of supporting base interval - narrowing interval, two shoulder interval, broad interval - by push-up bend and push-up plus movement. Result : 1. The muscle activity of pectoralis major was significantly increased according to narrow interval of supporting base on push-up plus movement and was significant difference(p<.05). 2. The muscle activity of biceps was significantly increased according to narrow interval of supporting base on push-up bend movement(p<.05). 3. The muscle activity of middle or lower trapezius was a difference according to change of supporting base on push-up bend and push-up plus movement but was not significant difference. 4. The muscle activity of serratus anterior was significantly increased according to broad interval of supporting base on push-up bend movement(p<.05). 5. The muscle activity of latissimus dorsi was significantly increased according to broad interval of supporting base on push-up bend movement(p<.05). Conclusion : These results lead us to the conclusion that push-up bend exercise have the effect of muscle strength of biceps on narrowing interval, of serratus anterior or latissimus dorsi on broad interval and push-up plus exercise have the effect of muscle strength of pectoralis major on narrowing interval of support base.

초등학생에서 push-up과 push-away 방법을 이용한 조절력과 폭주 근점의 측정

김효진,이은희,오현진 한국안광학회 2012 한국안광학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Purpose: We measured the amplitude of accommodation using the push-up and push-away tests and near point of convergence (NPC) and investigated the accommodative insufficiency (AI) and convergence insufficiency (CI) in elementary school children of 12~13 years old. Methods: 88 students who aged 12~13 (12.63±0.51) years old with more than 1.0 spectacle best corrected visual acuity were examined using push-up and push-away tests. The break and recovery points of NPC also were measured. Results: Mean amplitudes of accommodations using push-up and push-away tests were 11.52±2.59 D and 10.06±1.97 D, respectively in right eye (P<0.001). Mean break and recovery points in NPC were 8.66±1.99 cm and 10.98±2.06 cm. AI and CI showed 28.75% and 30.00% each. 48.75% was within normal range in both amplitudes of accommodations according to their age expected and convergence. Students having both AI and CI were 7.50%. Conclusions: A high correlation between the push-up test and push-away test was found in elementary school children (r=0.6025; P<0.05). Students having normal amplitude of accommodation by their age expected and normal convergence were 71.25% and 70.00%,respectively. 목적: 12~13세 초등학생을 대상으로 push-up 방법과 push-away 방법을 사용하여 측정된 조절력을 비교하고, 폭주근점을 측정하여 조절 및 폭주 부족의 발생률을 알아보았다. 방법: 대상자는 안경교정시력이 1.0이상인 초등학교 학생 88명으로 평균연령은 12.63±0.51세(12~13세) 이었다. 조절력의 측정은 push-up 방법과 push-away 방법을 이용하였다. 폭주 근점은 분리점(break point)과 회복점(recovery point)을 측정하였다. 결과: 대상자의 단안 평균 조절력은 push-up 방법이 11.52±2.50 D였고, push-away 방법은 10.06±1.97 D로 측정되었다. 두 방법 간의 디옵터는 1.46±1.58 D 만큼 push-up 방법이 크게 측정되었다. 대상자의 평균 파괴점과 회복점은 각각 8.66±1.99 cm과 10.98±2.06 cm 이었다. 조절 부족은 전체의 28.75%, 폭주 부족은 전체의 30.00%를 나타냈다. 나이에 따른 정상범위의 조절력을 보인 대상자와 폭주 근점의 측정값이 모두 정상 범위에 포함된 경우는 48.75%였다. 조절 부족과 폭주 부족이 함께 나타난 경우는 7.50% 였다. 결론: Push-up 방법과 push-away 방법으로 측정된 조절력은 0.6025의 높은 상관성을 보였다(P<0.05). 나이에 따른 정상적인 조절력을 가진 경우는 71.25%였고, 정상적인 폭주 근점을 보인 경우가 70.00%였다.

중장년층의 자립욕구, 창업성공가능성, 고용안정성이 Pull-창업의지에 미치는 영향 : Push-창업의지의 매개효과 중심으로

정종식,양동우 한국중소기업학회 2020 中小企業硏究 Vol.42 No.3

The purpose of this study is to research the effects of desire for independence, possibility of start-up success and employment stability to the push-entrepreneurship through the push-entrepreneurship by a survey of employees in the middle age. The purpose of the creating start-up environment was encouraged the qualitative expansion of opportunity-driven start-up rather than the quantitative expansion of necessity-driven start-up for the economic growth and expanding employment. In spit of the employees had their own careers, skills, opportunities and market-experiences, In reality it is necessity-driven start-up that the quantitative expansion. The purpose of this study was to reflect process change by desire for independence, push-entrepreneurship and pull-entrepreneurship based on the possibility of start-up success and employment stability perceived by individual founders, changed process factor rather than the fixed result factor. The results are as follows. First, it was found that desire for independence makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and the push-entrepreneurship. Second, it was found that the possibility of start-up success makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and not effect on push-entrepreneurship. third, it was found that the employment stability makes a positive (+) effect on the pull-entrepreneurship and not effect on the push-entrepreneurship. Forth, it was found that desire for independence makes a positive (+) effect onthe pull-entrepreneurship and mediating negative (-) effect on the push-entrepreneurship. The implication of this study was that potential entrepreneurs with desire for independence , rather than necessity-driven start-up due to unemployment, could be developed as pull-entrepreneurship improved the situation of push-entrepreneurship. In addition, it seems that entrepreneurship education and activation of entrepreneurship programs for employee with desire for independence expand opportunity-driven start-up after retirement. 본 연구는 재직중인 중장년층의 자립욕구와창업성공가능성 및 고용안정성이 Push-창업의지를 매개로 Pull-창업의지에 미치는 영향을알아보고자 한다. 경제 활성화와 고용확대를 위해 생계형 창업보다는 기회형 창업으로질적 확대를 권장하고 있지만, 경험과 기술, 기회를 갖고 있는 중장년층이 기회형창업보다는 생계형 창업으로 양적 창업 확대가 나타나는 것이 현상이다. 본 연구는 이런 현상에 대해 창업의지를 기존의 결과변수로 보기보다는 창업자 개인이인식하는 창업성공가능성 및 고용안정성에 따라 창업의지를 자립욕구, Push-창업의지, Pull-창업의지로 구분하고 변수로 반영하여 그에 따른 영향을 연구하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 연구결과 첫째, 자립욕구는 Pull-창업의지와 Push-창업의지에 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로나타났다. 둘째, 창업성공가능성은 Pull-창업의지에 정(+)의 영향을 Push-창업의지에는 유의적 영향을주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 고용안정성은 Pull-창업의지에 정(+)의 영향을 Push-창업의지에는 유의적 영향을주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 자립욕구는 Pull-창업의지에 정(+)의 영향을 Push-창업의지는 부(-)의 영향으로매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 실업에 밀려서 창업되는 생계형 창업보다는 자립욕구를 갖는잠재창업자가 Push-창업의지의 상황이 개선되면 Pull-창업의지로 전개될 수 있음인식하였다. 또한, 자립욕구를 갖는 재직자를 대상으로 창업교육과 창업프로그램의 활성화가 기회형창업을 확대할 수 있는 방안으로 본다

푸시업과 무릎 푸시업, 벽 푸시업 운동시 어깨안정근 활성도의 비교

김용권 대한산업경영학회 2023 산업융합연구 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate difference of activity of scapular stabilizer muscles among push-up, knee push-up and wall push-up exercise. Eight male college students were recruited as participants without any history of shoulder or pathology. The results showed that serratus anterior, anterior deltoid, infraspinatus were higher muscle activities than other scapular stabilizer muscles during push-up exercise and muscle activity of standard push-up exercise was higher muscle activity than that of Knee and Wall push-up exercise. Also, We know that knee push-down exercise was more effective than wall push-down exercise for scapular stabilization. 이 연구는 일반 푸시업과 무릎 푸시업, 벽 푸시업 운동시 어깨 안정근의 활성도 차이를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 어깨관절에 통증이 없고 푸시업 운동을 하지 않은 대학생 남자 8명을 대상으로 하였으며, 어깨 안정근의 활성도를알아보기 위하여 표면 근전도를 이용하여 위등세모근, 아래등세모근, 중간등세모근, 앞톱니근, 앞세모근, 뒤세모근, 큰가슴근, 가시아래근에 부착하였다. 일반 푸시다운은 무릎 푸시다운과 벽 푸시다운 보다 근활성도가 유의하게 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 푸시업 동작에서는 앞톱니근과 가시아래근이 다른 어깨안정근에 비해 근활성도가 유의하게 더 컸으며, 일반 푸시업 동작이 무릎 푸시업과 벽 푸시업 보다 근활성도가 유의하게 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. UT/LT 비율에서는 무릎 푸시다운이 벽 푸시다운 보다 유의하게 낮았으며, UT/SA 비율은 푸시다운과 푸시업 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 푸시업과 푸시다운 동작 시에는 앞톱니근과 앞어깨세모근, 가시아래근이 다른 어깨안정근보다 근활성도가 높고, 일반적인 푸시업운동이 무릎 푸시업과 벽 푸시업 운동보다 근활성도 측면에서는 더 효과적이다. 그러나 푸시다운을 할 경우에는 어깨안정화를 위해 무릎을 굽힌 상태에서 푸시다운을 하는 것이 더 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

스포츠 마사지 견갑부 전문기법 적용이 Push up 시 근전도에 미치는 영향

윤우람 ( Yoon Wooram ),윤석훈 ( Yoon Sukhoon ) 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2018 스포츠사이언스 Vol.35 No.2

본 연구는 15명의 장시간 컴퓨터를 사용하는 직장인을 대상으로 스포츠마사지 견갑부 전문기법 적용이 push-up 시주동근과 협력근에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하여 운동 전 스포츠마사지의 효과를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구 대상은 서울 송파구 S대기업에 근무하는 성인 15명을 대상으로 최근 어깨 관절 및 팔꿈치 관절에 부상을 입은 경험이 없으며 push-up이 가능한 직장인을 선정하였다. 대상자는 사전에 push-up의 일관성을 위해 교육을 받았으며 팔꿈치 관절의 굽힘과 폄 구간에서 5초의 등척성 운동으로 시작과 끝 지점의 1초를 제외한 3회 측정한 값의 근활성도를 평균화하였다. 스포츠마사지 견갑부 전문기법은 10분 동안 진행하였으며 5분 휴식 후 push-up을 진행하여 전과 비교하였다. 비교 분석 결과 스포츠마사지 후 굽힘구간에서 주동근인 큰가슴근이 근활성도가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있게 증가하였고, 위 등세모근·큰가슴근 비와 위 등세모근·아래 등세모근 비가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있게 감소하였다. 따라서 스포츠마사지 견갑부 전문기법의 적용이 위 등세모근의 긴장도 감소에 효과가 있으며 불안정한 어깨관절의 움직임 완화로 push-up 주동근인 큰가슴근의 근활성도를 증가시키는 결과를 보였다. The purpose of this study is the effects of the sports massage before having exercise, by analyzing how the professional sports massage shoulder technique influences on Agonist and Synergist during push-ups. It has studied 15 office workers using computer for a long time in a ”S” company, located in Songpagu, Seoul. The participants were composed of 10 men and 5 women (Age: 27.26+-2.12years, Height: 172.35+-8.91cm, Weight: 67.72+-13.23kg); they have had no experience on the injured shoulder and elbow joint recently and were able to exercise push-ups. The participants were informed beforehand how to exercise push-ups consistently. The activities were measured three times for 5 seconds in flexion and extension period excluding the start and end points of a second in isometric position and the results were averaged. The measure of the muscle activity had been repeated and compared with the value after 10 minutes professional sports massage shoulder technique and 5 minutes rest. The result of this study is that there is statistically a significant difference in muscle agonist activity of the pectoralis major at the bend section after sport massage, and also in the ratio of pectoralis major and upper and lower trapezius. therefore, the professional sports massage shoulder technique applied to reduce the tension of the upper trapezius, and the muscle activity of the pectoralis major, which is the agonist for push-ups, was increased by unstable shoulder movement mitigation.

Electromyographic comparison of modified push-up exercise: focused on various arm position

Kim, You-Sin,Yang, Jae-Young,Lee, Nam-Ju The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technolo 2018 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.35 No.1

This study was to investigate the difference of muscle activities in trunk, upper arm, and shoulder during push-up exercise based on 3 types of different arm position(posterior position, PP; normal position, NP; and anterior position, AP) and to provide effective push-up arm position for each muscle development. Fifteen healthy males(age, $21.5{\pm}0.5years$; height, $172.7{\pm}1.0cm$; body mass, $70.5{\pm}1.3kg$; shoulder width, $42.3{\pm}0.6cm$; and BMI, $23.6{\pm}0.5kg/m^2$) participated in this study. PP, NP, and AP of the arm were used to conduct push-up exercise and 8 muscles(deltoideus p. acromialis: DA; pectoralis minor: PMI; pectoralis major: PMA; serratus anterior: SA; biceps brachii: BB; triceps brachii: TB; latissimus dorsi: LD; and infraspinatus: IS) of right side were selected to measure muscle activities. Total 9 counts of push-up exercise were conducted and EMG data signals of 5-time(from $3^{th}$ to $7^{th}$) push-up movement were used for measuring muscle activities. PP push-up exercise showed that there was a significantly higher muscle activity of DA, PMI, PMA, SA, BB, LD, and IS(p<.05) and AP push-up exercise showed a significantly higher TB activity(p<.05). It would be suggested that different arm position evokes various muscle activities when conducting push-up exercise. PP would be the best push-up arm position for inducing various trunk, upper arm, and shoulder muscle activities compared to NP and AP.

Electromyographic comparison of modified push-up exercise: focused on various arm position

김유신,양재영,이남주 한국응용과학기술학회 2018 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.35 No.1

This study was to investigate the difference of muscle activities in trunk, upper arm, and shoulder during push-up exercise based on 3 types of different arm position(posterior position, PP;normal position, NP; and anterior position, AP) and to provide effective push-up arm position for each muscle development. Fifteen healthy males(age, 21.5±0.5 years; height, 172.7±1.0 cm; body mass, 70.5±1.3 kg; shoulder width, 42.3±0.6 cm; and BMI, 23.6±0.5 kg/m 2 ) participated in this study. PP, NP, and AP of the arm were used to conduct push-up exercise and 8 muscles(deltoideus p. acromialis: DA; pectoralis minor: PMI; pectoralis major: PMA; serratus anterior: SA; biceps brachii: BB; triceps brachii: TB; latissimus dorsi: LD; and infraspinatus: IS) of right side were selected to measure muscle activities. Total 9 counts of push-up exercise were conducted and EMG data signals of 5-time(from 3 th to 7 th ) push-up movement were used for measuring muscle activities. PP push-up exercise showed that there was a significantly higher muscle activity of DA, PMI, PMA, SA, BB, LD, and IS(p<.05) and AP push-up exercise showed a significantly higher TB activity(p<.05). It would be suggested that different arm position evokes various muscle activities when conducting push-up exercise. PP would be the best push-up arm position for inducing various trunk, upper arm, and shoulder muscle activities compared to NP and AP.

Electromyographic comparison of modified push-up exercise: focused on various arm position

You Sin Kim,Jae Young Yang,Nam Ju Lee 한국유화학회 2018 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.35 No.1

This study was to investigate the difference of muscle activities in trunk, upper arm, and shoulder during push-up exercise based on 3 types of different arm position(posterior position, PP; normal position, NP; and anterior position, AP) and to provide effective push-up arm position for each muscle development. Fifteen healthy males(age, 21.5±0.5 years; height, 172.7±1.0 cm; body mass, 70.5±1.3 kg; shoulder width, 42.3±0.6 cm; and BMI, 23.6±0.5 kg/m2) participated in this study. PP, NP, and AP of the arm were used to conduct push-up exercise and 8 muscles(deltoideus p. acromialis: DA; pectoralis minor: PMI; pectoralis major: PMA; serratus anterior: SA; biceps brachii: BB; triceps brachii: TB; latissimus dorsi: LD; and infraspinatus: IS) of right side were selected to measure muscle activities. Total 9 counts of push-up exercise were conducted and EMG data signals of 5-time(from 3th to 7th) push-up movement were used for measuring muscle activities. PP push-up exercise showed that there was a significantly higher muscle activity of DA, PMI, PMA, SA, BB, LD, and IS(p<.05) and AP push-up exercise showed a significantly higher TB activity(p<.05). It would be suggested that different arm position evokes various muscle activities when conducting push-up exercise. PP would be the best push-up arm position for inducing various trunk, upper arm, and shoulder muscle activities compared to NP and AP.

한국과 미국 육군의 팔굽혀펴기 및 윗몸일으키기 측정형태별 근전도 분석

성호용,서성혁,김재우 육군사관학교 화랑대연구소 2018 한국군사학논집 Vol.74 No.1

The purpose of the study was to conduct electromyographic(E.M.G.) analysis of major muscles and examine the difference between two types of push-up and sit-up: Korea and U.S. Army. Twelve healthy participants performed two types of push-up and sit-up in two days, and eight muscle parts were selected to analyze E.M.G. differences. Paired t-test and effect size(ES) for %RVC were calculated and analyzed. Statistically significant difference was not found between two types of push-up, but the result showed relatively high effect size on pectoralis (ES=0.55) and tibialis anterior (ES=0.63) for U.S. Army push-up. The U.S. Army type of sit-up provided more stimulation on rectus abdominis than the Korea Army type (P=0.006, ES=0.79). The result of the current study provided general explanations about which muscles are measured by push-up and sit-up of Korea Army in comparison with those of U.S. Army. It also showed the difference of muscle activation between tests with and without additional tool. 본 연구의 목적은 팔굽혀펴기와 윗몸일으키기 한·미 육군의 두 측정방법 간 동일근육 내 근전도 차이를 분석비교 하는 것이다. 만약 유의미한 근전도 차이가 없으면 굳이 보조기구를 사용할 필요가 없을 수 있고 검정기구에 들어가는 예산을 절약 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 체력검정 준비소요를 줄일 수 있다. 또 한편으로, 유의미한 차이가 있을 경우에는 현재 한국 육군의 방법이 미 육군 방법에 비해 어떠한 차이가 있는지 관련 정보를 제공 할 수 있다. 실험결과, 팔굽혀펴기에서 통계적으로 유의한 근전도 차이는 없었지만, 큰 가슴근에서의 효과크기가 비교적 큰(ES=0.55) 결과를 나타내며 미 육군의 방식이 큰 가슴근을 더욱 많이 동원한다는 결과를 나타내었다. 윗몸일으키기의 한국 육군 방법에서 엉덩허리근과 넙다리빗근을 미 육군의 방법에 비해 더 많이 동원한 결과를 통해 한국 육군의 방법에서 사용되는 보조대의 형태가 하체부위의 근육을 추가로 동원할 수 있도록 도와주는 역할을 하는 것으로 예측된다.

푸쉬업플러스 운동시 다양한 자세에 따른 견갑골 안정근과 외복사근 활성도 비교

신종화 ( Jong-wa Shin ),정현희 ( Heon-hui Jeong ),김수빈 ( Su-bin Kim ),김민희 ( Min-hui Kim ),이정훈 ( Jung-hun Lee ),김진영 ( Jin-young Kim ),서한열 ( Han-gyeol Seo ),김미림 ( Mi-rim Kim ),박준환 ( Jun-hwan Park ),손호희 ( Ho-he 대한신경치료학회 2015 신경치료 Vol.19 No.3

The purpose of this study is to examine the change to the muscle activity from the serratus anterior, upper trapezius, lower trapezius, external oblique when push-up plus exercise is performed in three postures which it can be applied clinically. In addition, it is compared the muscle activity of each posture in order to study the most safe and effective way to strengthen scapula stabilizers. Methods For this study, twenty-eight healthy males who are randomly performed Quadripedal Push-up Plus (QP), Quadripedal Push-up Plus with Supporter (QPS), Standard Push-up Plus with Supporter (SPS)postures of push up plus exercise are recruited to search influence on the muscle activity of scapula stabilizers, external oblique according to posture change of their exercise. Results There was a significant difference in the muscle activity of serratus anterior according to the posture, especially, between QPS SPS postures (p<.05). The muscle activity of external oblique had a significance difference between QPS and SPS postures (p<.05). The muscle activity of serratus anterior was increased, and the muscle activity of external oblique was relatively lower than other postures. Also, the muscle activity of serratus anterior was the most increased in SPS posture during push-up plus exercise, but the external oblique was simultaneously increased. Conclusion As the results, the QP posture is the most safe and effective to strengthen the serratus anterior, showing lower the muscle activity of external oblique. These results suggest that QP push-up plus exercise can be a very useful to improve safety and to selectively train serratus anterior for patients with shoulder instability for the future.