에탄올 투여 흰쥐의 지질대사 및 간 독성 저하에 미치는 인진쑥 및 눈꽃동충하초의 영향

한은경(Eun-Kyung Han),김영섭(Yong-Xie Jin),유윤숙(Yoon-Sook Yoo),정의진(Eui-Jin Jung),이지영(Ji-Young Lee),정차권(Cha-Kwon Chung) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.8

본 연구는 에탄올을 투여한 흰쥐에서 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초의 단독 또는 병행투여가 혈청 및 간의 지질대사와 간기능 및 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 효과를 살펴보고자 생후 4주령된 흰쥐에게 표준식이를 급여한 정상식이군, 에탄올 투여 대조군, 6%인진쑥과 6% 눈꽃동충하초를 각각 단독투여한 군, 4% 인진쑥과 2% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군, 3%인 진쑥과 3% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군, 2% 인진쑥과 4% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군 등 7군으로 나누고 각 실험식이로 5주간 사육하였다. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방 농도 및 동맥경화지수(AI)는 정상식이군에 비해 에탄올 투여 대조군에서 유의하게 증가되었으나 4% 인진쑥과 2% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군과 3% 인진쑥과 3% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 에탄올 투여한 흰쥐의 간장 내 총 지질과 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방의 함량은 정상식이군보다 증가하였으나 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초의 투여로 감소하였으며 특히 4% 인진쑥과 2% 눈꽃동충하초를 병행투여한 군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초의 투여로 ALT의 활성이 대조군에 비해 저하되었으며 6% 인진쑥 투여군과 4% 인진쑥과 2% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군에서는 유의하게 감소되었고, 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초의 단독투여와 비율을 달리한 병행투여는 catalase, SOD등 항산화효소의 활성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 과산화지질은 에탄올의 투여 시 정상식이 군에 비해 유의하게 증가되었으며 이는 6% 인진쑥 투여군과 4% 인진쑥과 2% 눈꽃동충하초 병행투여군에서 유의하게 감소되었다. 이상의 결과를 보아 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초의 투여는 흰쥐의 혈청과 간의 지질 대사를 개선하고, 간의 항산화효소 활성을 증가시킴과 동시에 과산화지질을 감소시키는 것으로 나타나 혈중지질 대사를 개선하고, 에탄올에 의한 지방간 및 간 경변과 같은 간 손상을 완화시키는데 효과적일 것으로 사료된다. 또한 본 연구의 결과 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초를 단독으로 투여하는 것보다 병행투여 하는 것이 효과적이며 인진쑥과 눈꽃동충하초의 동량투여와 4% 인 진쑥과 2% 눈꽃동충하초를 병행투여 하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to identify the inhibitory effect of hepatic toxicity and liver lipid metabolism after administration of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica. Along with the control, SD rats were divided into ethanol treated group with subgroups of 6% Artemisia capillaries (6A), 4% Artemisia capillaris+2% Paecilomyces japonica (4A2P), 3% Artemisia capillaris+3% Paecilomyces japonica (3A3P), 2% Artemisia capillaris+4% Paecilomyces japonica (2A4P) and 6% Paecilomyces japonica (6P). In this study we also intended to verify the optimum ratio of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica which can reduce hepatotoxicity. Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels which were increased by ethanol. Total-cholesterol level was decreased the most in the groups of 4A2P and 3A3P. On the other hand, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was enhanced significantly (p<0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the subgroup of 6A and 4A2P. When the ratio of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica was 2:1, the improvement of the rat serum and liver lipid metabolism and the alleviation of hepatic damage by ethanol were the most effective in this study. Therefore, it can be considered that the symptoms of severe chemically induced hepatotoxicity could be reduced by Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica administration.

사염화탄소를 투여한 흰쥐에서 인진쑥 및 동충하초의 지질대사촉진 및 간독성저하효과

김영섭(Yong-Xie Jin),유윤숙(Youn-Sook Yoo),한은경(Eun-Kyung Han),강일준(Il-Jun Kang),정차권(Cha-Kwon Chung) 한국식품영양과학회 2008 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.37 No.5

본 연구는 CCl₄를 투여한 흰쥐에서 인진쑥과 동충하초를 서로 다른 혼합비율로 투여했을 때 간 손상에 대한 생리활성 기능을 조사하기 위해 혈청 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 사염화탄소의 투여는 간독성을 나타내 간의 무게 및 ALT, AST 수준을 증가시켰으며 이는 인진쑥과 동충하초의 투여에 의해 개선되며 인진쑥과 동충하초를 병행 투여 시 더욱 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 사염화탄소 투여로 인해 증가된 혈청 콜레스테롤과 중성지방은 인진쑥, 동충하초의 투여로 저하되었으며 혈청 중성지방은 인진쑥과 동충하초를 동량으로 투여한 군에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났고, 혈청 콜레스테롤은 전체 인진쑥, 동충하초 투여군에서 모두 유의적으로 감소되었으며 인진쑥과 동충하초를 병행 투여하는 경우 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 동맥경화지수는 사염화탄소의 투여 시 정상식이군보다 유의적으로 증가되었으나 인진쑥, 동충하초의 투여로 감소되었으며 4% 인진쑥과 2% 동충하초 병행 투여가 동맥경화지수를 낮추는데 가장 효율적인 것으로 사료된다. 사염화탄소를 투여한 흰쥐의 간장 내 총 지질과 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방의 함량은 정상군보다 증가하였다. 인진쑥, 동충하초의 투여는 사염화탄소 투여로 높아진 중성지방과 콜레스테롤을 감소하는 효과를 보였으며 4% 인진쑥과 2% 동충하초를 병행 투여 시 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면 인진쑥과 동충하초의 투여는 사염화탄소로 유발된 간 독성을 저하시키며 혈청과 간지질 대사를 개선하는 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되며 간 기능 개선과 지질대사 개선효과를 가지고 있는 인진쑥과 동충하초를 단독으로 투여하는 것보다 병행 투여하는 것이 더 효과적이며 그 혼합비율이 4% 인진쑥과 2% 동충하초에서 가장 효율적으로 나타났으나 혼합비율에 대해서는 앞으로 지속적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. The aim of this study was to identify the inhibitory effect of hepatic toxicity and liver lipid metabolism after the administration of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica. SD rats were divided into CCl₄ treated group with subgroups of 6% Artemisia capillaries (6A), 4% Artemisia capillaris+2% Paecilomyces japonica (4A2P), 3% Artemisia capillaris+3% Paecilomyces japonica (3A3P), 2% Artemisia capillaris+4% Paecilomyces japonica (2A4P) and 6% Paecilomyces japonica (6P). In this study we also intended to verify the optimum ratio of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica which can reduce hepatotoxicity. Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels which were increased by the treatment of CCl₄. HDL-cholesterol level was the most enhanced in the group of 4A2P. On the other hand, athrogenic index (AI) was reduced statistically (p<0.05). When the ratio of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica was 2:1, the improvement of rat serum and liver lipid metabolism and the alleviation of hepatic damage induced by CCl₄ were shown to be the most effective in this study. It is considered that the symptoms of severe chemically induced hepatotoxicity could be lessened by Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica administration.

Genomic Structure of the Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) Gene of Paecillomyces tenuipes and Paecilomyces sp.

박남숙,손흥대,진병래,제연호,이광식,이상몽,박은주 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.10 No.1

We describe here the complete nucleotide sequence and the exon-intron structure of the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene of Paecilomyces tenuipes and Paecilomyces sp. The SOD1 gene of P. tenuipes spans 966 bp, and consisted of three introns and four exons coding for 154 amino acid residues. Three unambiguous introns in P. tenuipes separate exons of 13, 332, 97, and 20 bp, all exhibiting exon sizes identical to Cordyceps militaris SOD1 gene. The SOD1 gene of Paecilomyces sp. contains 946 bp and consisted of four introns and five exons coding for 154 amino acid residues.Five exons of Paecilomyces sp. SOD1 are composed of 13, 180, 152, 97, and 20 bp. Interestingly, this result showed that the total length of exons 2 (180 bp) and 3 (152 bp) of Paecilomyces sp. SOD1 is same to exon 2 length (332 bp) of C. militaris SOD1 and P.tenuipes SOD1. The deduced amino acid sequence of the P. tenuipes SOD1 showed 95% identity to C. militaris SOD1 and 78% to Paecilomyces sp. SOD1. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the C. militaris SOD1, P. tenuipes SOD1 and Paecilomyces sp. SOD1 are placed together within the ascomycetes group of fungal clade.

전신 및 면역질환자에서 백내장수술 후 Paecilomyces lilacinus 각막염 1예

오신엽(Shin Yeop Oh),강혜숙(Hye Sook Kang),이창규(Chang Kyu Lee) 대한안과학회 2016 대한안과학회지 Vol.57 No.11

목적: 만성 전신 및 면역질환이 있는 환자에서 백내장수술 후 발생한 Paecilomyces lilacinus에 의한 진균각막염에서 약물 치료 및 전체층각막이식을 통해 치료한 1예를 보고하고자 한다. 증례요약: 72세 여자 환자가 백내장수술 시행 후 1달째 각막 봉합사 주변으로 각막부종과 기질혼탁이 동반되면서 시작된 좌안 통증 및 시력저하를 주소로 개인병원에서 2주간의 치료에도 호전이 없어 본원에 내원하였다. 환자는 고혈압, 고지혈증, C형 간염, 류마티스 관절염의 전신 및 면역질환이 있었으며, 진균 및 세균성 각막염 의심하에 사용 중이던 국소 및 전신 스테로이드를 중단하고 amphotericin B 0.15%와 moxifloxacin 0.5% 점안을 시작하였다. 경과관찰 중 호전되지 않아 점안 항진균제를 natamycin 5%와 voriconazole 2%로 변경하고 경구로 voriconazole을 투여하였으나 전신 상태 악화와 더불어 각막융해가 일어나면서 각막이 천공되어 내원 6주째 공막편과 양막이식을 시행하였다. 내원 7주째 배양검사상 Paecilomyces lilacinus가 확진되었고 호전과 악화를 반복하다가 결국은 악화되어 내원 12주째 전체층각막이식을 시행하였으며 술 후 6개월까지 재발 소견 없이 안정적인 경과를 보였다. 결론: 만성 전신 및 면역질환이 있는 환자에서 백내장수술 후 발생한 Paecilomyces lilacinus 진균 각막염에서 지속적인 항진균제 점안 및 전신적 투여에도 호전되지 않아 전체층각막이식을 시행하여 치료한 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. <대한안과학회지 2016;57(11):1795-1800> Purpose: To report a case of Paecilomyces lilacinus fungal keratitis after cataract surgery in a patient with chronic systemic and autoimmune disease who was treated with medical therapy and penetrating keratoplasty. Case summary: A 72-year-old female was referred for decreased visual acuity and ocular pain in the left eye. She underwent cataract surgery in the left eye 1 month earlier and was treated for 2 weeks for corneal edema and stromal infiltration around the corneal suture. She had a chronic systemic disease with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hepatitis C and rheumatoid arthritis. Suspecting infectious keratitis, the patient was instructed to stop applying topical and systemic steroids and use topical amphotericin B (0.15%) and moxifloxacin (0.5%). However, without improvement, amphotericin B (0.15%) and moxifloxacin (0.5%) were changed to natamycin (5%) and topical voriconazole (2%) and systemic voriconazole was added. However, her systemic status deteriorated and corneal melting developed, scleral graft implantation and amniotic membrane implantation were performed to prevent corneal perforation 6 weeks after the initial visit. Paecilomyces lilacinus was identified in culture at 7 weeks and penetrating keratoplasty was performed 12 weeks after the initial visit. After penetrating keratoplasty, corneal status was stable for 6 months and no signs of recurrence were observed. Conclusions: In a patient with Paecilomyces lilacinus fungal keratitis and chronic systemic and autoimmune disease, penetrating keratoplasty showed good prognosis when the disease was refractory to topical and systemic antifungal agents. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57(11):1795-1800

계란을 이용한 눈꽃동충하초 재배방법에 관한 연구

강한석 ( H. S. Kang ),손장호 ( J. H. Son ),이길왕 ( K. W. Lee ),김선구 ( S. K. Kim ),조병욱 ( B. W. Cho ),신택순 ( T. S. Shin ),전해열 ( H. Y. Jeon ) 한국유기농업학회 2003 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

This study was conducted to established method of culture for Paecilomyces japonica using an egg. Mycelia grew favorably at the temperature of 22~26℃ on eggs. 5.1g of dry matter basis(average 7.2㎝ of longer and 199.6 of numbers) of artificial fruiting bodies were harvested at 60 days after inoculation from one of egg. Commercial fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces japonica from silkworms was used for comparative nutriental contents. Cordycepin contents of fruit bodies of Paecilomyces japonica cultivated on eggs and silkworms were not significantly different. Crude fat contents of fruiting bodies of Paeilomyces japonica cultivated from eggs was significantly higher than from silkworms(P<0.05). Mn and Cu contents of fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces japonica cultivated from silkworms were significantly higher than from eggs(P<0.05),but Na, Mg, Fe and Zn contents were significantly higher from eggs(P<0.05). Glycine, Arginine and Proline contents in the fruiting bodies of Paecibmyces japonica cultivated from silkworms were tend to higher than from eggs, but Serine, cystein, methionine, isoleucine and phenylalanin were tend to higher from eggs. These results were made possible that possible mass production of artificial fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces Japonica cultivated on eggs.

Paecilomyces tenuipes로부터 분리한 Acetoxyscirpendiol의 세포사멸작용

한희창,김미정,김종수,김하원 대한약학회 2004 약학회지 Vol.48 No.2

Paecilomyces tenuipes is one of the famous Chinese medicinal entomopathogenic fungi that parasite in the lavae of silkworm. A cytotoxic compound, 4$\beta$-acetoxyscirpendiol (ASD) was isolated from a methanolic extracts of Paecilomyces tenuipes. The ASD compound belongs to scirpenol subfamily of trichothecene mycotoxin. In a continuation of the elucidation of the mechanism of ASD, we report here the evidences of induction of apoptosis by ASD in human Jurkat T cell line. In MTT reduction assay for monitoring cell viability, ASD showed strong toxicity. The 50 percent inhibitory concentrations of ASD against human T lymphoid Jurkat cell was 59.5 ng/$m\ell$. Phosphatidylserine externalization was increased by ASD at 3 and 6 hrs when compared with that of 6 hrs in the cell line showing in a time-dependent manner. When whole lysates of cells treated with ASD were subjected to western blot assay, 113 kDa poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was significantly cleaved to 89 kDa fragment. Time-dependent DNA fragmentation was also observed when Jurkat T cells were treated with ASD at 100 ng/$m\ell$ for 6 hrs and 18 hrs at the ratios of 8.5% and 15.0%, respectively. From these data, Jurkat T lymphocytes treated with ASD from Paecilomyces tenuipes underwent typical cascades of apoptotic cell death.

패실로마이세스 각막염: 국내 증례 보고 및 해외 문헌 고찰

정새롬(Sae Rom Chung),유인천(In Cheon You),조남천(Nam Chun Cho),안민(Min Ahn) 대한안과학회 2016 대한안과학회지 Vol.57 No.3

목적: 패실로마이세스 각막염으로 확진된 본원 및 국내 사례를 종합하여 알아보고, 이를 외국에서 보고된 증례와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 본원 안과를 방문하여 패실로마이세스가 검출된 환자 3예와 국내에 보고된 증례를 종합하여 각막염 발생의 위험인자, 초기 임상양상, 수술적 처치 여부, 치료 후 시력에 대해 알아보고, 이를 외국에서 발표된 패실로마이세스 각막염 환자의 논문들을 정리하여 비교하였다. 결과: 국내 사례 중 자연적으로 발생한 1예의 여성을 제외하고 모두 남성이었으며 외상, 수술과 같은 위험인자가 있었다. 5예 모두 초기시력이 손가락세기 이하였으며 각막의 중심부위에 깊게 침범된 소견을 보였다. 전방 내 및 각막기질 내 보리코나졸 주사 등의 약물치료 외에도 안구내용제거술, 각막이식술을 시행 받았으며 1예는 안구위축 상태가 되는 등 시력이 불량한 경우가 많았다. 외국사례들도 과거 안수술, 외상, 콘택트렌즈 착용과 같은 위험인자가 존재하는 경우가 많았으며, 약물치료에 호전되지 않아 각막이식술과 같은 수술적 처치가 필요한 경우가 많았고, 최종 시력이 낮다는 점에서 국내와 비슷한 임상양상을 보였다. 결론: 패실로마이세스 각막염은 국내외에서 모두 직접적인 위험인자를 갖는 경우가 많고, 심한 임상 경과를 보이며 기존의 약물치료에 잘 호전되지 않고, 수술적 처치가 필요한 경우가 많았다. 패실로마이세스 각막염이 의심되는 경우에는 처음부터 전방내주사, 안내주사와 같은 적극적인 치료가 필요하다. Purpose: To analyze the Paecilomyces keratitis cases in Korea and compare cases from foreign literature. Methods: The records of 3 patients diagnosed with Paecilomyces keratitis at our hospital and other reported cases in Korea were evaluated to examine the predisposing factors, clinical aspects, antifungal therapy, therapeutic surgery, and visual outcome and compared with previously reported foreign cases. Results: In Korea, 1 patient was female, 4 patients were male and had predisposing factors including prior corneal trauma or surgery, except 1 spontaneous occurrence. All 5 eyes of 5 patients had poor initial visual acuity, less than finger count, and deep corneal infiltration. The patients were treated with multiple topical and systemic antifungal treatments such as intracameral or intrastromal voriconazole injections and required evisceration and penetrating keratoplasty. However, the final outcomes were unsatisfactory. Previously reported cases from foreign literature also had predisposing factors such as corneal surgery, trauma, and soft contact lens use. They were resistant to antifungal therapy and eventually led to surgeries such as penetrating keratoplasty and the final outcomes were poor. Conclusions: Frequently, Paecilomyces keratitis has direct risk factors and is resistant to many topical and systemic antifungal agents. In the majority of cases, therapeutic surgery was required and the final visual outcomes were poor. When Paecilomyces keratitis is suspected, we suggest aggressive therapy including intracameral and intravitreal injections of voriconazole in the initial treatment.

영양원을 달리한 동충하초(Paecilomyces japonica)자실체의 아미노산조성 비교

최영환,이영근,김한수,김용균 密陽産業大學校 農業技術開發硏究所 1998 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

동충하초(Paecilomyces japonica)의 균주를 potato dextrose agar(PDA), 누에번데기,계란, 난황, 난백, 그리고 PDA와 누에번데기의 혼합 비율을 달리한 영양원들에 접종하고 35일간 배양하여 수확한 각 자실체의 수분함량은 약 83~89%, 단백질량은 2.2~6.2% 정도이었다. 자실체에 함유되어 있는 주요아미노산은 aspartic acid, glutamic acid, threonine, phenylalanine 및 arginine 등이었으며, 일반적 버섯에 비하여 총아미노산함량과 이에 대한 lycine, arginine과 proline의 비율이 비교적 높았다. 자실체들의 아미노산중 제한아미노산은 methionine이며, 이의 화학가(chemical score)는 13~36이었다. 총아미노산량에 대한 각 아미노산군의 비율에서는, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine 및 isoleucine이 관련된 중성아미노산의 비율이 가장 많았으며, cysteine과 methionine이 포함된 함황아미노산의 비율이 가장 적었다. Paecilomyces japonica were cultivated on the various nutritional media. such as potato dextrose agar(PDA), silkworm, egg, egg yolk, egg white and the media composed of PDA and silkworm by different ratios. Freshly harvested fruiting bodies of the cultivated mushrooms. Paecilomyces japonica. were used for the study of amino acid profiles. The fruiting bodies contained about 83~89% moisture and 2.2~6 2% protein. Amino acids in the fruiting bodies were generally characterized by the predominant occurrence of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, threonine, phenylalanine and arginine. In coparison with some other common mushrooms, total amino acid content and the proportion of the lycine, arginine and proline to the total amino acids were relatively high. Methionine was the limiting amino acid in all the fruiting bodies, and the chemical scores ranged from 13 to 36. In the proportion of amino acid group to the total amino acids, monoamino-monocarboxylic amino acids were higher, and sulfur-containing amino acids were lower than any other groups in all fruiting bodies of paecilomyces japonica

계란을 이용한 눈꽃동충하초 재배방법에 관한 연구

강한석,손장호,이길왕,김선구,조병욱,신택순,전해열 한국유기농업학회 2003 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

This study was conducted to established method of culture for Paecilomyces japonica using an egg. Mycelia grew favorably at the temperature of 22~26℃ on eggs. 5.1g of dry matter basis(average 7.2㎝ of longer and 199.6 of numbers) of artificial fruiting bodies were harvested at 60 days after inoculation from one of egg. Commercial fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces japonica from silkworms was used for comparative nutriental contents. Cordycepin contents of fruit bodies of Paecilomyces japonica cultivated on eggs and silkworms were not significantly different. Crude fat contents of fruiting bodies of Paeilomyces japonica cultivated from eggs was significantly higher than from silkworms(P<0.05). Mn and Cu contents of fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces japonica cultivated from silkworms were significantly higher than from eggs(P<0.05), but Na, Mg, Fe and Zn contents were significantly higher from eggs(P<0.05). Glycine, Arginine and Proline contents in the fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces japonica cultivated from silkworms were tend to higher than from eggs, but Serine, cystein, methionine, isoleucine and phenylalanin were tend to higher from eggs. These results were made possible that possible mass production of artificial fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces Japonica cultivated on eggs.

Nematicidal Activity of Paecilomyces spp. and Isolation of a Novel Active Compound

Ya-Jun Liu,Chong-Yan Zhai,Yi Liu,Ke-Qin Zhang 한국미생물학회 2009 The journal of microbiology Vol.47 No.3

Many species of Paecilomyces are entomogenous fungi and several are efficacious toward nematodes. To study the potential of Paecilomyces species in controlling nematodes, fungal extracts of 40 Paecilomyces spp. were evaluated for their nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Panagrellus redivivus. The extracts of six Paecilomyces spp. exhibited the nematicidal activity against P. redivivus, and 11 species exhibited the nematicidal activity against B. xylophilus. The methanol extract of strain 1.01761 incubating on Czapek solid medium killed more than 95% P. redivivus in 24 h at 5 mg/ml, and the filtrate of strain 1.01788 cultured in Sabouraud's broth medium resulted in 90% mortality of B. xylophilus in 24 h at 5 mg/ml. A novel nematicidal compound, 4-(4’-carboxy-2’-ethyl-hydroxypentyl)-5,6-dihydro-6-methylcyclobuta[ b]pyridine-3,6-dicarboxylic acid, was isolated from Paecilomyces sp. YMF1.01761. The LD50 value of the compound within 24 h against P. redivivus was 50.86 mg/L, against Meloidogyne incognita was 47.1 mg/L, and against B. xylophilus was 167.7 mg/L.