Geo-cultural Foundation for the Formation of Northeast Asian Film Culture

Wen Caiyun 인하대학교 다문화융합연구소 2018 다문화와 교육 Vol.3 No.1

Geographic effect is an extremely important factor that affects the formation and development of a civilization. Northeast Asia, including China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Russia (the Far East and Siberia) and Mongolia, is a cultural concept formed by geopolitics. As an important part of spiritual culture, the films in Northeast Asian countries originate from the unique geographical features, economic systems and values of Northeast Asia. They have a long history of film culture communication and exchange and jointly form a film culture community in Northeast Asia. Geographic effect is an extremely important factor that affects the formation and development of a civilization. Northeast Asia, including China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Russia (the Far East and Siberia) and Mongolia, is a cultural concept formed by geographic relations. As an important part of spiritual culture, the movies in Northeast Asian countries originate from the unique geographical features, economic systems and values of Northeast Asia, and had a long history of film culture communication and exchange, forming a cultural community of Northeast Asian film together. The author believes that from the economic structure point of view, countries in Northeast Asia have the idea of economic integration and specific implementation policies. Northeast Asian regional economic integration has taken shape and constitutes the economic basis of northeast Asian film culture. From the perspective of film policy, countries in Northeast Asia have formulated effective policies on film cooperation and long-term cooperation in filmmaking to form the driving force behind the film culture in Northeast Asia. From the perspective of spiritual cultural core, the strong cohesion of the Confucian cultural circle and the historical long-term film and cultural exchanges have allowed Northeast Asian countries to form a common spiritual bond. The other culture perspective of the Western culture has also given Northeast Asian film culture a holistic image. Of course, at present, the film cooperation in various countries in Northeast Asia also lacks the deviation of policy support from other countries and the deviation of policy direction. There are also differences in culture among different countries. However, the author believes that the common oriental cultural background and the needs of market cooperation will promote the formation of a cultural community in northeast Asia.

The Concept Definition of “Northeast Asia” and the Analysis from Cultural Perspective

Jianyi Piao,Yunpeng Ma 국제지역연구학회 2014 국제지역학논총 Vol.7 No.1

동북아국제관계 연구 중에는 오랫동안 한가지 문제가 존재해오고 있다. 이는 바로 동북아의 개념과 그 지역 범위의 정의가 확실하지 않다는 것이다. 엄격한 지리학적 견해로는 이른바 “동북아” 지역이 존재하지 않지만, “동북아” 지역은 국제관계연구 중에서는 이미 지정학 개념으로 자리잡고 있다. 기존의 연구에서는 “동북아”의 내재적 의미, 즉, 동북아의 중심지역이 비교적 명확했지만, 그 경계는 매우 불분명했다. 본 논문에서는 “동북아”의 범위를 확정한 기초 위에서 이 지역의 지리적 분포 및 지정학적 특징에 대하여 연구 결론을 제시하였다. 또한 “동북아”는 하나의 지정학적 개념으로서 발전, 변화의 중요한 특징을 가지고 있다. 현재 동북아 지역의 각종 요소들의 상호 작용의 결과는 동북아의 지역 범위 및 문화형태 등 특징을 결정할 것이다. A problem long existing in the research of international relations in northeast Asia is the ambiguous definition of the concept of northeast Asia and its area limits. In the strict sense of geo-related science, there is no so-called “northeast Asia”. Rather, “northeast Asia” is a geo-concept that has been gradually developed in the research of international relations. Current research has basically defined the connotation of “northeast Asia”, namely, its central area, but not its denotation. Based on the longtime research, the relatively clear area limits of northeast Asia have been defined in this paper-the north, west and south boundaries are spherical lines, while the east is characterized by northeast-to-southwest spherical diagonal, which contributed to its overall appearance as a spherical trapezoid. This paper further generalizes the geo-related distributive characteristics of “Northeast Asia”, based on which the paper put forward the thesis―the geo-features and the geo-related distributive characteristics is one of the most stable and constant factors that determine the regional security of northeast Asia. As a geo-related concept, one of the most important features of “northeast Asia” is its character with development and changes, further explained, the current elements interactive results in Northeast Asia region would determine the scope, culture form and other features in the next stage of Northeast Asia.

동북아문화공동체 구성에 관한 이론적 논의

류지성 ( Ji Sung Rhyu ),김형수 ( Hyeong Soo Kim ) 조선대학교 사회과학연구원 2008 서석사회과학논총 Vol.1 No.2

한국의 연구자 그룹에서 제안되고 있는 동북아공동체 구상은 정치·경제적 목적 아래 논의되는 구조가 강하기 때문에 실질적인 진전을 보지 못하고 있다. 따라서 보다 전략적이고 실질적인 문화공동체의 형성을 위한 제도적·행정적 모델이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 보다 전략적이고 실질적인 동북아 문화공동체 구상의 필요성을 전제로, 비정치적이고 비경제적인 동북아문화공동체에 구상에 관한 이론적 논의를 시도하고 있다. 이러한 문화공동체(CC) 단계를 기초 전략으로 하여 경제공동체(EC), 안보공동체(SC)로 확장하고 궁극적으로 동북아 평화공동체(PC)를 형성하는 것이 본 연구가 지향하는 이상점이다. 즉 동북아문화공동체를 통한 동북아 국가간의 교류 확대와 상호 이해의 증진은 동북아 공동체 다수의 평화와 안정을 유지하는데 기여할 것으로 기대한다. 동북아문화공동체의 구상은 정책공동체의 성격을 띠며 구성은 다층(multi-level) 거버넌스의 형태를 취하고 있다. 이러한 공동체 구상의 완성을 위해서는 총체론적(holistic) 거버넌스 관점의 도입이 필요하다. 그러나 남북 분단의 상황은 동북아문화공동체 구상에 제약요건으로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 동북아문화공동체라는 외연의 확대를 통해 내면적으로 남북분단을 극복하는 전략적 관점에서 본 구상은 시도된 것이다. 북한을 제외한 동북아문화공동체의 포위 전략이 궁극적으로는 한반도의 평화 정착에 있음을 전제로 하는 것이며, 3국 중심의 동북아문화공동체의 구성 과정에서 북한에 대한 지속적인 연계협력(networking) 구도를 열어두는 개방형이어야 한다. 동북아문화공동체 구상의 궁극적인 목표는 동북아평화 정착과 인류평화에 기여하는 것이다. 지난 근·현대사의 전개과정에서 드러난 일본과 중국의 패권구도와 긴장 관계는 세계평화라는 이상을 저해하는 요소로 작용할 우려가 있다. 특정국가가 동북아의 중추국가이어야 하는가에 대한 논쟁보다는 각국의 이해를 넘어선 조정과 통합의 협력체이어야 한다. 따라서 동북아문화공동체는 조정과 통합의 과정을 공유해 가는 총체론적 거버넌스로 작용해야 한다. As the plan for the Northeast Asian community proposed by Korean researchers has strong political and economic purposes, it is hard to achieve real progress. Therefore, we need institutional and administrative models to form a real cultural community. Therefore, this study is designing a theoretical study on the plan of non-political and non-economic Northeast Asia community based on the necessity to organize more strategic and practical Northeast Asia cultural community. We propose to use the cultural community step as a basic strategy, develop it into economy community (EC) and security community (SC) and finally establish a Northeast Asia peace community(PC) That is, expansion of international exchange and enhancement of mutual understanding through the Northeast Asia communities will contribute to peace and stability of many Northeast Asia communities. The Northeast Asia community is designed as a political community and multi-level governance. To accomplish the plan, we need a view of the holistic governance. However, division between North Korea and South Korea works as a barrier to the plan. Therefore, this plan was intended in a strategic view to internally overcome the division through external expansion of the Northeast Asia community. The encircling strategy of the Northeast Asia community except North Korea lies on peaceful relations between South Korea and North Korea, and should have consistently open networking to North Korea in the process the Northeast Asia community centering on three countries is organized. An ultimate goal of the plan is to contribute to peace in Northeast Asia. It is alarming that the supremacy composition and tensional relations between Japan and China revealed in the process of modern and contemporary histories works as a hindrance to world peace. We should concentrate on communities of intervention and integration beyond interests of each country rather than which specific country is a focus. Therefore, the Northeast Asia community should work as the holistic governance that shares the process of intervention and integration.

Dilemmas in the Formation of a Northeast Asian Economic Community

Shim, Won Pil(심원필) 동아인문학회 2014 동아인문학 Vol.29 No.-

동북아시아의 한국, 중국, 일본은 이미 시장을 통한 기능적 통합 수준은 이루었지만 제도화된 경제통합의 기회를 갖지 못하고 있다. 동북아시아 경제공동체는 세계화와 함께 빠르게 진행되는 지역주의의 편익을 누리기 위해 필요한 것이며, 이는 동북아시아 3국이 스스로 인정하고 있다. 따라서 동북아시아 경제공동체는 지역공동체로서의 당위성은 충분히 갖추고 있다. 그러나 동북아시아를 구성하는 국가들의 국가정체성과 지역정체성의 이질성, 국가 이익과 지역 이익이 상충되는 점은 지역공동체 형성의 딜레마로 작용하고 있다. 나아가 중국과 일본의 대립과 갈등은 동북아시아 공동체 형성은 물론, 동아시아 지역주의와 지역협력에 부정적 영향을 끼치고 있다. 또한 동아시아의 개방적인 지역화 노력과 ‘동아시아’범위 논란은 마침내 아시아 태평양지역으로 확대되면서 동아시아 지역주의 발전과 동아시아 경제공동체 형성에 부정적 영향을 미친다. 이러한 요인들은 동북아시아 경제공동체 형성의 딜레마로 작용하고 있다. 한편 동북아시아, 동아시아, 나아가 아시아 태평양 지역의 국제무역 레짐과 글로벌 거버넌스의 변화가 당장은 동북아시아 경제공동체 형성의 딜레마로 작용하지만 동태적인 특성을 감안하면 새로운 모멘텀이 될 수도 있다는 기대를 갖게 해준다. Despite their functional integration through markets, the trade powers of Northeast Asia, China, Japan and Korea(CJK) have not yet had an opportunity for an institutionalized economic integration. A Northeast Asian Economic Community, besides its importance in the establishment of an East Asian economic community, is a necessity to share the benefits of the regionalism that has been progressing rapidly along with globalization, and the three Northeast Asian countries acknowledge this. Accordingly, a Northeast Asian Economic Community is a justifiable concept. But, the first dilemma here is the heterogeneity of national and regional identities in the countries comprising Northeast Asia and of the precedence of national interest over that of a region. Furthermore, the conflicts and struggles between China and Japan have negatively been affecting not only the formation of a Northeast Asian community but the East Asian regionalism and regional cooperation attempts. The open regionalization attempts in East Asia and the debates surrounding the boundaries of East Asia that have spread to the Asia Pacific region, have had negative effects on the formation of an economic community in East Asia. These factors have acted as obstacles to the formation of a Northeast Asian Economic Community. Although at the present moment, the changes in the international trade regimes and global governance of Northeast Asia, East Asia, and of Asia Pacific may be perceived as dilemmas, their dynamism gives us a renewed sense of momentum and impetus.

중국의 해양환경 실태분석 및 동북아 협력 전략

박재수 원광대학교 한중관계연구원 2019 韓中關係硏究 Vol.5 No.1

본 논문은 중국의 해양환경오염의 현 실태 및 관리 정책방향을 분석하고 해양환경오염에 대응하기 위해 동북아 주변국들 간 협력 체제를 추진하는 데 있어 협력 추진의문제점을 분석하고 협력 체제를 통한 대응 접근 전략 마련을 모색하는 데 연구의 목적이 있다. 중국의 해양환경이 심각하게 오염된 원인을 분석할 때 육원오염(陸源汚染), 해양개발로 인한 요인, 선박의 해양사고로 인한 요인들로 해양오염을 악화시킨 요인을파악할 수 있었다. 이러한 해양오염에 대응하기 위한 중국의 환경관리 정책 방향은환경과학과 인간과 환경과의 관계에 대한 선진 사상을 이론기초를 바탕으로 점차 비교적 과학적인 환경보호원칙을 표방하는 방침을 형성하고 있다. 환경관리강화를 핵심으로 하여 경제·사회와 환경의 협조발전전략을 목적으로 하는 중국특색의 환경보호의길을 마련하고 있는 것이다. 그 중에서도 사전 예방위주의 정책, 오염원인자의 오염관리 정책 그리고 환경관리 강화의 정책을 시행하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 중국의 해양환경 관리정책 방향을 정부차원에서 지속적으로 실행하다고 해도 현재의 중국의 해양환경 상황을 고려했을 때 시급하게 고려해야 할 부분은 중국과인접하고 있는 동북아 여러 국가들의 해양환경에 대한 대응 전략을 기반으로 동북아의협력 체제 구축을 통한 대응 전략이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 우선 동북아 해양환경협력과 관련하여 협력의 문제점을 파악해 볼 때 동북아의 지정학적 특성으로 복잡한정치적 상황, 동북아의 제한된 경제 교류, 동북아 구역 내 낮은 국가문화 공동체 의식, 동북아 지역의 취약한 해양 환경 단체를 동북아 해양환경 협력의 문제점을 분석되었다. 동북아 환경협력의 전략에서는 환경문제의 속성에 비추어 보면 동북아환경문제의해결을 위해서는 역내 당사국 모두가 참여하는 다자간 협력체제의 구축이 절실히 요구된다. 동북아 지역은 지리상의 인접성이 있기 때문에 각국이 단독으로 역내의 자원을파악, 관리, 보전하기가 어렵다. 따라서 역내국가의 정치·경제적 상황을 극복하고 원만한 환경협력관계를 유지하기 위해서는 연안국사이에 환경공동운명체라는 인식이 선행되어야 한다. 동북아 환경협력을 강화하기 위해서는 다양한 사업을 추진할 수 있는재원의 확보가 필수적임을 감안할 때 비용부담과 재정확보가 선행되어야 한다. 또한동북아지역 환경협력은 각국 NGO들의 활동을 지원하는 것이 바람직하다. 그러므로NGO참여 확대전략이 필요하다. 또한 동북아 상호 관련국들의 실질적인 협력의 실행 강화를 위해 법적 제도적 측면과 해양협력의 국제 프로그램 모델을 활용하는 전략이필요하다. 마지막으로 동북아 국가들의 환경관리 능력을 제고하기 위해서는 능력 배양을 위한 전략수립이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 결국 동북아시아 지역에서의 여러 분야 이슈 중에서도 협력 체제를 갖추어 해결을위한 시도를 할 수 있는 부분이 해양환경 분야이다. 이러한 환경문제는 단지 환경 자체의 문제 이외에 그 지역 내의 정치ㆍ경제ㆍ사회ㆍ문화적인 면과 밀접한 관계를 갖고있다. 따라서 동북아시아 지역의 환경협력 전략을 수립하는 데에 있어 지역 내의 다른분야에서의 협력 체계를 수립하는 연구에도 공헌할 수 있을 것이다. This paper aims to analyze China’s current status and management policy direction of marine environment pollution and to analyze problems of cooperation among Northeast Asian neighbors in order to respond to marine environment pollution, and to find a strategy for approaches to response through a cooperative system. When analyzing the causes of serious pollution in China’s marine environment, it was possible to identify factors that exacerbated ocean pollution due to land pollution, marine development, and marine accidents on ships. China's environmental management policy to cope with such marine pollution is gradually forming a policy to express its relatively scientific principles for environmental protection based on the theoretical basis of advanced ideas on environmental science and human relations with the environment. The Chinese government is preparing a unique way of protecting the marine environment. Among them, it was analyzed that the ideology of pollution control policy for the cause of pollution, the pollution management policy for the cause of pollution, and the policy of strengthening environmental management. Even if China's marine environment management policy direction is consistently implemented at the government level, the urgent consideration should be given to China's current marine environment situation, based on its response strategy to the marine environment of the Northeast Asian countries adjacent to China. First of all, the problems of cooperation were analyzed in Northeast Asia’s maritime environment cooperation by analyzing the complex political situation, limited economic exchanges in Northeast Asia, a low awareness of the national cultural community in Northeast Asia, and vulnerable marine environmental organizations in Northeast Asia. Given the nature of environmental issues in Northeast Asia, the establishment of a multilateral marine cooperative system involving all parties in the region is urgently needed to resolve the environmental issues in Northeast Asia. Because Northeast Asia has geographical proximity, it is difficult for countries to identify, manage and preserve resources in the region on their own. Therefore, in order to overcome the political and economic situation of the regional countries and maintain a smooth environment cooperation relationship, the recognition of a joint environmental disaster among the coastal countries should be preceded. The cost-effective and financially secure must be in order to strengthen the environmental cooperation of Northeast Asia, given that it is essential to secure funds for various projects. In addition, it is desirable that environmental cooperation supports the activities of NGOs in each country. Therefore, strategies for expanding NGO participation are needed. Lastly, in order to improve the environmental management capabilities of Northeast Asian countries, it is necessary to establish strategies for building capabilities. In this regard, research on environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia has another implication. Among the issues in the Northeast Asia region, the environmental field is a part where cooperation can be established and an attempt can be made to resolve it. These environmental problems are closely related to the political, economic, social and cultural aspects of the region besides the problems of the environment itself. Therefore, It will also contribute to strategies for establishing cooperation in other areas within the region in establishing environmental cooperation strategies in Northeast Asia.

Economic Integration and the Changes in Logistics Circumstances in Northeast Asia -Emphasizing the Strengthening of Competitive Power of Hub Ports-

Park, Byung-Hong The Korea Port Economic Association 2004 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

This study focuses on analyzing the potentiality of economic integration and the changes in logistics circumstances in Northeast Asia. So far as the changes in logistics circumstances in it, it is emphasized a complex transport system by sea and by land, according to the connection with the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula and the Railroad of the Continent of Siberia. It first considers the propriety of economic integration among Korea, China and Japan in Northeast Asia. The first stage of the economic integration in Northeast Asia means it is started from contracting of FTA(Free Trade Agreement) which just agreed at the Summit Conference among Korea, China and Japan in ASEAN+3(Korea China. Japan). At that time, the Summit Conference between the three countries have agreed to study on the propriety of FTA charging by own country's research organization. At first China has been hesitated to join with FTA in spite of high growth in his economy, because the time is not yet for it. After all, China also decided himself to participate to FTA together with Korea and Japan by reacted to the stimulus at the conference atmosphere between every country of ASEAN. The discussion on the changes in logistics circumstances also is needed to deal simultaneously with a situation in the economic integration in Northeast Asia. It is worthy to be paid our attention to the restoration of the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula, which was disconnected for a long time from the dispute between South Korea and North Korea. Therefore, it needs to be investigated together with the movement of economic integration in Northeast Asia. The reaction on the restoration of the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula is not only limited to the transport of trade cargo between South Korea and North Korea, but also it is reached to all of Northeast Asia, so far as to all of the area of Russia, Europe, and the other neighbor countries. Because this railroad is connected with the Railroad of the Continent of Siberia. The transport of trade cargo in Northeast Asia have been mostly depended upon the transport by sea until now. However, it would be divided into the transport by sea as well as by land from now. As its economic effect, the restoration of the Railroad of South-North in Korean Peninsula could be not only contributed to reduce the cost of logistics within South Korea and North Korea, but also within or without in Northeast Asia, Russia, and Europe. Consequently, it could be improved the power of international competitiveness of goods in Northeast Asia, according to the formation of a complex transport system together with the transport by sea and by land.

Dilemmas in the Formation of a Northeast Asian Economic Community: Developing Theoretical Propositions

심원필 동아인문학회 2014 동아인문학 Vol.29 No.-

Despite their functional integration through markets, the trade powers of Northeast Asia, China, Japan and Korea(CJK) have not yet had an opportunity for an institutionalized economic integration. A Northeast Asian Economic Community, besides its importance in the establishment of an East Asian economic community, is a necessity to share the benefits of the regionalism that has been progressing rapidly along with globalization, and the three Northeast Asian countries acknowledge this. Accordingly, a Northeast Asian Economic Community is a justifiable concept. But, the first dilemma here is the heterogeneity of national and regional identities in the countries comprising Northeast Asia and of the precedence of national interest over that of a region. Furthermore, the conflicts and struggles between China and Japan have negatively been affecting not only the formation of a Northeast Asian community but the East Asian regionalism and regional cooperation attempts. The open regionalization attempts in East Asia and the debates surrounding the boundaries of East Asia that have spread to the Asia Pacific region, have had negative effects on the formation of an economic community in East Asia. These factors have acted as obstacles to the formation of a Northeast Asian Economic Community. Although at the present moment, the changes in the international trade regimes and global governance of Northeast Asia, East Asia, and of Asia Pacific may be perceived as dilemmas, their dynamism gives us a renewed sense of momentum and impetus.

Functional Networking of Logistics Port Cities in Northeast Asia

김경석,김태성 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2010 도시과학국제저널 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to show the comprehensive and cooperative development of logistics systems by the functional networking of port cities in Northeast Asia. Each nation in Northeast Asia makes an effort and contributes a vital role in the Northeast Asia Logistics Hub; however, it also makes it detrimental and unnecessary due to minor cases of redundancy. With this, the logistics system in Northeast Asia should be integrated as one nation for international competitiveness and to prevent unnecessary investments. Every port city has their strengths and weaknesses in the logistics system. As a result, this paper shows the allocation of logistics function for each city and their cooperative networking in logistics system vertically and horizontally. If each nation finds their appropriate role in the system and makes an efficient and cooperative functional networking, the logistics system in Northeast Asia can achieve common economic growth and international competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to show the comprehensive and cooperative development of logistics systems by the functional networking of port cities in Northeast Asia. Each nation in Northeast Asia makes an effort and contributes a vital role in the Northeast Asia Logistics Hub; however, it also makes it detrimental and unnecessary due to minor cases of redundancy. With this, the logistics system in Northeast Asia should be integrated as one nation for international competitiveness and to prevent unnecessary investments. Every port city has their strengths and weaknesses in the logistics system. As a result, this paper shows the allocation of logistics function for each city and their cooperative networking in logistics system vertically and horizontally. If each nation finds their appropriate role in the system and makes an efficient and cooperative functional networking, the logistics system in Northeast Asia can achieve common economic growth and international competitiveness.

동북아평화를 위한 군비통제 접근방향

김재철,김정기 한국동북아학회 2012 한국동북아논총 Vol.17 No.2

Today, arms race is getting worse in Northeast Asia than any other areas in the world. Especially, it even seems that a mood of new cold war in Northeast Asia will get worse because new defense strategies announced by the States in January 2012 support China. For the stability and peace in Northeast Asia from now on, efforts to realize arms control experienced in Europe in the past in Northeast Asia are acutely required. However, there are a lot of restrictions on the conditions for arms control in Northeast Asia. To resolve such restrictions, the following matters must be preceded and a cooperation regime for multilateral security should be established for the preceding conditions: Modification of supremacy strategies among the world powers, Resolution of antagonistic relationship in divided nations, Resolution of the North Korean nuclear issue, Resolution of conflict factors among intra-nations. As efforts for nuclear arms reduction among the States, Russia and China, and compliances with nonproliferation standards by South Korea, Japan and North Korea are required for nuclear arms control in Northeast Asia, new approaches must be sought in the following direction: 'Dismantlement of North Korean nuclear arms programs → Discontinuation of MD in Northeast Asia → Nuclear arms reduction by the States, Russia and China → nuclear-free world Conventional arms control must be carried forward focusing on the Korean Peninsula, which is located in antagonistic tension, and ocean areas. For arms control in the Korean Peninsula that has an asymmetric structure of military strength, 'operational arms control', such as 'military confidence building' focusing on the DMZ and 'reduction of operating offensive military strength', must be emphasized. Structural arms control between South and North Korea will be able to be discussed after weapons of mass destruction have been scrapped. For arms control in the ocean areas, ways to harmoniously apply various methods such as control on the operation of naval power, arms limitation and arms freeze etc. must be sought by focusing on preventing lopsided leadership and striking a balance. The States and China both have the keys for arms control in Northeast Asia, and resolution of the North Korean nuclear issue is the first and the most important step. Therefore, the North Korean nuclear issue must be firstly resolved by active roles by the States and China and cooperations by surrounding nations, and then arms control should be actively carried forward under a cooperation regime for multilateral security in Northeast Asia. 오늘날 동북아는 세계 어느 지역보다도 군비경쟁이 심화되어 가고 있다. 특히 2012년 1월에 발표한 미국의 신국방전략지침이 중국을 지향하고 있어 동북아에서 신냉전 분위기는 더욱 심화 될 것으로 보인다. 향후 동북아의 안정과 평화를 위해서는 과거 유럽의 군비통제 경험을 동북아에서 실현시키는 노력이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 그러나 동북아의 군비통제 여건은 많은 제약요인이 상존하고 있다. 이러한 제약요인을 해결하기 위해서는 강대국 간의 패권전략 수정, 분단국 간의 대립관계 해소, 북핵문제 해결, 역내 국가 간 갈등요인 해결 등이 선행되어야 하는 바, 이를 위한 다자안보협력 레짐(regime)이 구축되어야 할 것이다. 동북아에서의 핵 군비통제는 핵국인 미국, 러시아, 중국 3자간의 핵군축 노력과 비핵국인 한국, 일본, 북한의 비확산 규범 준수가 요구되고 있는 바, ‘북핵 폐기 → 동북아 MD중단 → 미러중의 핵감축 → 핵 없는 세상’으로 연계시키는 접근방향을 모색할 필요가 있다. 재래식 군비통제는 대립관계에 놓여 있는 한반도와 해양지역에 중점을 두고 추진되어야 한다. 비대칭전력 구조를 갖추고 있는 한반도의 군비통제는 비무장지대를 중심으로 한 ‘군사적 신뢰구축’과 ‘공세전력의 운용을 완화’ 등과 같은 ‘운용적 군비통제’에 역점을 두어야 한다. 남북 간의 구조적 군비통제는 대량살상무기가 해결된 이후 논의될 수 있는 사안이다. 해양지역에서의 군비통제는 일방의 주도권을 방지하고 균형을 유지하는 데 주안을 두고 해군력의 운용통제 및 군비제한 또는 군비동결 등의 방법을 균형 있게 적용하는 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다. 동북아 군비통제의 열쇠는 미국과 중국이 동시에 가지고 있으며, 북핵문제의 해결이 가장 중요한 첫 관문이라 할 수 있다. 따라서 미국과 중국의 적극적 역할과 주변국의 협력으로 북핵문제를 우선적으로 해결하고, 그 여세를 몰아 동북아 다자안보협력체제 하에서 군비통제를 적극 추진해 나가야 할 것이다.

A Cross-Culture Comparative Study of Northeast Asian Community

Jinyu Qi 인하대학교 다문화융합연구소 2020 다문화와 교육 Vol.5 No.2

Globalization has led to the revitalization and the revival of the local and geological identity consciousness that was gradually declined, to some extent, old ideology come out with new shapes. Ethnical identity,national identity and other issues are facing more complex situation and problems than ever before. To solve the political disputes under international atmosphere and tension existing in Northeast Asia, we must abandon the original single-mode construction of contemplated Economic Community, on the basis of full argument on the need to build the new ideas of Cultural Economic Community in Northeast Asia. Since the simple economic link is only to maintain the relationship between countries, it is necessary to establish a close network between countries and people, if there is the possibility, this network based on the mutual benefit in political, economic, cultural, religious, educational, science and technology and so on. In the study of the Northeast Asian Community, the dilemma of cross-cultural communication should be fully considered: language barrier in social communication; cultural barriers: differences in religious and cultural values; economic development level and the negative factors for timely assistance; unique social organizational structure, the overall social situation. Based on the actual situation of each country in Northeast Asia and the comprehensive consideration of elements such as national culture history, inter-ethnic contact and exchanges, we should give full play to the close cultural and historical ties and the cultural identity of transnational people in the region as the regional multilateral relations exchange platform, and actively build the Northeast Asia cultural and economic community, this is the possible path to smoothly solve the complex political disputes in this region.