자기공명 촬영상 요추 추간반 병변의 판독자내 및 판독자간 해석의 다양성

전인호,송준혁,박향권,신규만,김성학,박동빈,Jeon, Een-Ho,Song, Jun-Hyeok,Park, Hyang-Kwon,Shin, Kyu-Man,Kim, Sung-Hak,Park, Dong-Been 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.2

Objective : The terminology of degenerative disc disease lacks official standardization. Lacks of such standardization may provoke some clinical and litigation problems. The authors investigated interobserver and intraobserver variability in interpretation of lumbar disc abnormality. Methods : Magnetic resonance imaging studies of the lumbar spine performed prospectively in 50 patients, were read blindly by three doctors dealing spinal disorders, using two nomenclature. Nomenclature I was normal, bulging, protrusion, extrusion. Nomenclature II was normal, bulging, herniation without neural compression, with neural compression. Intraobserver and interobserver variation were measured statistically. Results : Interobserver agreement was 70.4-80.8% for nomenclature I, 76.2-80.2% for nomenclature II. Intraobserver agreement was 84.0-88.0% for nomenclature I, 79.2-86.8% for nomenclature II. Interobserver Kappa statistic was 0.53-0.56 for nomenclature I, 0.54-0.57 for nomenclature II. Intraobserver Kappa statistic was 0.60-0.85 for nomenclature I, 0.53-0.72 for nomenclature II. Conclusion : Experienced doctors showed only moderate interobserver agreement when interpreting disc status on lumbar magnetic resonance imaging. Intraobserver agreement was superior to interbserver. The standardization of nomenclatures for lumbar disc extension beyond interspace are needed.

대한민국약전에 수재된 식물성 한약재의 학명에 대한 재고의 논평

김휘 ( Hui Kim ),박수경 ( Soo Kyung Park ),장계선 ( Kae Sun Chang ),장진성 ( Chin Sung Chang ) 대한본초학회 2013 대한본초학회지 Vol.28 No.5

Objectives: ``Reconsideration about Nomenclature of Herbs Listed in the Korean Pharmacopoeia`` was published by Doh and Lee with absolute misconception of nomenclature. A critical review of Doh and Lee`s paper is given, to correct the confused the concept of nomenclature and to provide proper scientific name for taxa which are discussed. Methods: This paper discusses the proper usage, as mandated by the International Code of Nomenclature. Adherence to the rules described in this paper should reduce the present confusion in the nomenclature of scientific names listed in the Korean Pharmacopoeia. Results: Although Doh and Lee proposed four categories to correct the scientific names of the Korean Pharmacopoeia using available botanical databases, they failed to show how nomenclatural concepts are applicable due to misconception of legitimacy and the confusion about synonym. From a nomenclatural perspective, ``accepted name`` or ``recommended name`` is a subjective term which used to be employed for convenience in a certain databases or working group without nomenclatural meaning. Doh and Lee also pointed out the standardization of author citation. However, they missed the importance of author citation error such as basionym or validating authors. Conclusions: Doh and Lee were not able to solve nomenclatural problems of the Korea Pharmacopoeia due to lack of clarity on the nomenclature code. We strongly recommend that KFDA has to commence extensive nomenclatural review for the next revision of Korea Pharmacopoeia.

한국인의 코성형에 흔히 사용되는 이식 술식의 해부학적 위치에 따른 한글 명칭 및 정의

김동영,김인상,진홍률 대한이비인후과학회 2010 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.53 No.7

Background and Objectives No definite concepts or nomenclature have yet been established in Korean for a number of different grafts used frequently in Korean rhinoplasty. The aims of this study were to define indications and usages of grafts frequently used in Korean rhinoplasty and to suggest appropriate Korean nomenclatures for these grafts. Materials and Method We prepared diagrams and explanations for the grafts frequently used in rhinoplasty in Korea and suggested Korean nomenclature that were considered the most appropriate. We carried out a survey on the rhinoplasty experts in order to reach a consensus on the nomenclature. We also reviewed recent Korean articles on rhinoplasty to investigate how names of each graft had been translated into Korean nomenclature. Results We classified grafts according to anatomical locations; the nasal dorsum, the nasal tip, the alar region, and the alar base. Grafts of the nasal dorsum included radix graft, dorsal onlay graft, dorsal sidewall onlay graft, and spreader graft. Grafts of the nasal tip were the columellar strut, shield graft, buttress graft, cap graft, and septal extension graft. The alar batten graft,alar rim graft, composite alar rim graft, lateral crural onlay graft, and lateral crural strut graft belonged to grafts of the alar region. Grafts of the alar base included the columellar plumping graft, premaxillary graft, and alar base graft. The names of all these grafts were translated into Korean. Conclusion We set definitions, indications, and usages of each graft, and suggested the most appropriate Korean nomenclature. We hope that this nomenclature can be widely accepted and used in future papers and books on Korean rhinoplasty. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2010;53:412-8

우리나라 품목분류의 정확도 제고를 위한 주요 사례연구

김구태,박재현,정복희 한국무역연구원 2022 무역연구 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose The Korea Customs Service has been making efforts for the correct translation of the English version of HS Customs Tariff Nomenclature into a Korean version, but many areas are still mistranslated or lack of uniformity in the use of terms and expressions. Since HS classification is one of the most important parts of customs administration, an incomplete HS Customs Tariff Nomenclature can cause problems in cases such as the application of tariff rates and origin. This study aims for a more correct Korean version of HS tariff terminology through the illustration of mistranslation examples of major legal notes of HS Nomenclature. Design/Methodology/Approach In this paper, utilizing five important legal notes including Note 1 of Chapter 55 as an example, the inaccurate translation of these examples and why these issues happened are explained. Findings To enhance the quality of the HS Customs Tariff Nomenclature, a single window will be helpful in which private sectors such as industry, customs brokers, academia, and the customs administration can participate and communicate. At the same time, a coordinator specializing in HS Customs Tariff Nomenclature is to be appointed by the Korea Customs Service to receive various opinions and improve the completion of the HS Customs Tariff Nomenclature. Research Implications Unlike prior studies, this study pointed out the misinterpretations of present HS tariffs, and these errors are crucial because the Section Notes and Chapter Notes are binding legal notes of the Korean Customs Act.

대한한의학방제학회지(大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌) 처방(處方) 로마자명 표기에 대한 고찰

송지청,심현아,엄동명,Song, Jichung,Sim, Hyuna,Eom, Dongmyung 대한한의학방제학회 2013 대한한의학 방제학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Objectives : Term standardization is the most important for knowledge information in every study. There are several tries to make terminology standards in Korean Traditional Medicine(KTM). We, authors took a review on romanized prescription nomenclature of main titles in Herbal Formula Science to criticize the ways of romanized prescription nomenclature. Methods : We extract romanized prescription name from Vol. 11, No. 1 to latest Issue Vol. 21, No. 1, Herbal Formula Science. Results : The Korean Academy of Oriental Medicine Prescription has guideline for romanized prescription nomenclature. However, only 6 out of 147 romanized prescription name are confirmed with guideline. In addition, 58 out of 142 names are italicized without guideline. Also there are several ways of marking for prescription names. Conclusions : For making knowledge information and easy searching for terms, we need normative regulations for romanized prescription nomenclature by the Society of Korean Medicine level.

대한한의학회지 처방 로마자 표기에 대한 고찰

송지청(Song Jichung),심현아(Sim Hyuna),엄동명(Eom Dongmyung) 대한한의학회 2014 대한한의학회지 Vol.35 No.1

도시확장 분석을 위한 위성영상 토지이용 분류기준 설정에 관한 연구

김윤수 ( Kim Yun Su ),이광재 ( Lee Gwang Jae ),류지원 ( Lyu Ji Won ),김정환 ( Kim Jeong Hwan ) 한국지리정보학회 2003 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.6 No.3

All the urban planning process require land use informations, which should be obtained after through intensive investigation and accurate analysis about the past and current situations and conditions of a city. Until now, the generation of land use informations form remotely sensed imagery has had many limitation because of its spatial resolution. It is now expected that the availability of high resolution satellite imagery whose spatial resolution less than 10m will reduce these limitations. For the purpose of urban growth monitoring we must first establish a urban land use classification nomenclature. In this study, we would like to establish a land use nomenclature for land use classification using remotely sensed data, especially using KOMPSAT EOC imagery.

프랑스어 의사소통 능력 향상을 위한 문화 어휘 개념정립과 유형분석

김은정 한국프랑스어문교육학회 2012 프랑스어문교육 Vol.41 No.-

Les compétences de langue et de culture sont les deux aspects bien connus et nécessaires pour développer la compétence communicative. Mais malgré cette reconnaissance, la langue et la culture sont souvent enseignées et apprises séparément et ce sujet ne fait pas l'objet de beaucoup d'études. L'étude présente donc « le lexique à la culture » comme le moyen idéal pour résoudre le problème de l'intégration de l'enseignement de la langue et celui de la culture. La raison du choix de cet outil s'appuie sur deux arguments: premièrement, le lexique à la culture est l'ensemble de la culture et du lexique dont on a nécessairement besoin pour développer la compétence communicative. Deuxièmement, le lexique à la culture est basé d'une part sur le concept de la lexiculture qui a pour but d'entrer dans la culture par les mots, afin de solidariser, d'intégrer la langue et la culture dans un même enseignement/apprentissage (Galisson, 1988:76) et d'autre part sur les mots à charge culturelle partagée(mots à C.C.P.)qui véhiculent la lexiculture. Cependant comme Galisson a créé ces deux concepts pour les apprenants européens, ils sont trop restreints pour les appliquer aux apprenants coréens au niveau du contenu culturel et de la forme linguistique qu'ils doivent savoir. C'est la raison pour laquelle on a du créer le nouveau terme « lexique à la culture » en prenant en compte les apprenants coréens comme concept plus large et développé à ces deux niveaux. Rédéfinir le lexique à la culture, son critère, son étendue et chercher les types de lexique à la culture qui satisfont ces conditions sont l'objet principal de cette étude. Par ailleurs, une petit nomenclature du lexique à la culture, contenant le lexique cherchédans trois méthodes, « ICI 2 », « Alors ? 2», « Scénario 2 » , est présenté comme exemple. Le but principal de cette étude est là : Etablir les concepts de bases nécessaires pour la préparation de la nomenclature. En espérant que les concepts rédéfinis dans cette étude contribueront à créer la nomenclature du lexique à la culture plus systématique, mais ceci fera l'objet d'une autre étude suivante.

人名으로 본 말갈·여진의 관계와 변화

김락기 한국고대사학회 2025 한국고대사연구 Vol.- No.117

This article compares the Malgal(靺鞨) of the 8th century with the Yeojin(女眞) of the 10th to 12th centuries to see how they are related. Overall, the connection between the Malgals and the Yeojin is supported by the large number of characters in common between the two periods, indicating a cultural affinity between the two groups. However, it can be seen that there were some changes in the Malgal and Yeojin societies in the 8th century, as the name ‘Mong(蒙)’, which was representative of Malgal, disappeared completely and new names such as ‘Bul(弗)’ and ‘Dal(達)’ appeared. Although we have not been able to identify the specific cause of the change, we speculate that the rise and fall of Balhae(渤海) and its control may have been one of the factors. In particular, we noted that the “□□蒙” form of the name, which is known to be a representative name for Malgal, only appears in the actual records for a very short period of time, from 714 to 727, and does not appear again until 776, even if we include the Balhae. The year 727 is thought to be the point at which Balhae expanded and strengthened its control over the Malgal region through its attack on the Heuksu Malgal(Heishui Mohe, 黑水靺鞨), and the disappearance of the ‘Mong’ name after 727 may be significant. In addition, in the vacuum of state power that occurred in Manchuria after the fall of Balhae in 926, changes such as the convergence of the Malgal and Yeojin groups were found, and it was assumed that this situation was also related to changes in Nomenclature.

진단 체계의 탄생 ― 『정신장애의 진단 및 통계편람(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder: DSM-I)』을 중심으로 ―

이남희 이화여자대학교 이화사학연구소 2023 이화사학연구 Vol.- No.66

This article examines what the meaning of publication of DSM-I in 1952 was indeed in the context of the advent of the comprehensive system of nosology and nomenclature. Delving into the previous classification systems such as Statistical Manual for the Use of Institutions for the Insane and Standard Nomenclature of Diseases and Operations, this paper traces the origins of the way to scale mental illnesses and to classify them. Demonstrating the way to frame the entire structure of classification and the reason why DSM-I utilized the same format of classification that the mainstream medicine used at the time, this paper tries to argue that DSM-I was the first official attempt to overcome the disciplines stigma, ‘being unscientific.’ In so doing, this article aims to demonstrate that DSM-I laid the robust ground for further extensive accumulation of statistical data in psychiatry and sought for a way to establish etiological approach in order to find out the way to proper diagnosis in the long run.