Determination of an Ideal Stimulation Site of the Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve Using Ultrasound and Investigation of the Efficiency

오창훈,박남수,김재민,김민욱 대한재활의학회 2014 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.38 No.6

Objective To determine an ideal stimulation site of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN) using ultrasound measurement and to compare the efficiency of the new stimulation site with the conventional stimulation site on the nerve conduction study.Methods Both arms of 15 healthy participants were measured using ultrasound. The MACN was identified in the transverse view at each 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 cm proximal sites from the medial epicondyle, and the distances to the median nerve and to the skin from the MACN were measured. The ideal stimulation site should be located at the level which can give the shortest distance from the skin and the longest distance from the median nerve in terms of volume conduction. To confirm the efficiency of the ideal site, we measured the amplitude of the MACN conduction study at the ideal site against one at the 4 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle (conventional site).Results The ultrasound showed the ideal stimulation site for the MACN could be the elbow crease line. However, the nerve conduction study revealed that the amplitudes of the MACN were significantly larger at the 4 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle compared with ones at the ideal site.Conclusion The ideal stimulation site based on the ultrasound did not permit better stimulation site for the nerve conduction study of the MACN compared with the conventional site. Careful adjustment of the stimulation site on the basis of this study would contribute to an accurate conduction study of the MACN.

A new thermal conductivity estimation model for weathered granite soils in Korea

Go, Gyu-Hyun,Lee, Seung-Rae,Kim, Young-Sang,Park, Hyun-Ku,Yoon, Seok Techno-Press 2014 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.6 No.4

Thermal conductivity of ground has a great influence on the performance of Ground Heat Exchangers (GHEs). In general, the ground thermal conductivity significantly depends on the density (or porosity) and the moisture content since they are decisive factors that determine the interface area between soil particles which is available for heat transfer. In this study, a large number of thermal conductivity experiments were conducted for soils of varying porosity and moisture content, and a database of thermal properties for the weathered granite soils was set up. Based on the database, a 3D Curved Surface Model and an Artificial Neural Network Model (ANNM) were proposed for estimating the thermal conductivity. The new models were validated by comparing predictions by the models with new thermal conductivity data, which had not been used in developing the models. As for the 3D CSM, the normalized average values of training and test data were 1.079 and 1.061 with variations of 0.158 and 0.148, respectively. The predictions became somewhat unreliable in a low range of thermal conductivity values in considering the distribution pattern. As for the ANNM, the 'Logsig-Tansig' transfer function combination with nine neurons gave the most accurate estimates. The normalized average values of training data and test data were 1.006 and 0.954 with variations of 0.026 and 0.098, respectively. It can be concluded that the ANNM gives much better results than the 3D CSM.

궤환성을 갖는 신경회로망의 수렴조건

강민제 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.1

This paper discusses the influence of input conductance on the convergece of the continuous feedback neural networks. The convergence has been analyzed far the input and output nodes of neurons. Also, the characteristics of equilibrium points has been analyzed depending on different values of the input conductance.

궤환성을 갖는 신경회로망의 수렴조건

강민제 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.12 No.1

This paper discusses the influence of input conductance on the convergece of the continuous feedback neural networks. The convergence has been analyzed for the input and output nodes of neurons. Also. the characteristics of equilibrium points has been analyzed depending on different values of the input conductance.

Scalable Neuron Circuit Using Conductive-Bridge RAM for Pattern Reconstructions

Jun-Woo Jang,Attarimashalkoubeh, Behnoush,Prakash, Amit,Hyunsang Hwang,Yoon-Ha Jeong Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2016 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.63 No.6

<P>A novel neuron circuit using a Cu/Ti/Al2O3-based conductive-bridge random access memory (CBRAM) device for hardware neural networks that utilize nonvolatile memories as synaptic weights is introduced. The neuronal operations are designed and proved using SPICE simulations with a Verilog-A device model based on the measured characteristics of the CBRAM device. The applicability of the neuron is demonstrated by constructing a neural network system and applying it to pattern reconstructions that can recall the original patterns from noisy patterns. With these CBRAM-based neurons, a reduction in the area and power of neuromorphic chips is expected in comparison with CMOS-only neuron implementations.</P>

신경 신장 적용 강도에 따른 신경흥분성 변화

김종순,Kim, Jong-Soon 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2021 PNF and Movement Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: Neurodynamic tests are used to examine neural tissue in patients with neuro-musculoskeletal disorders, although this has not yet been established in the intensity of nerve tension application. This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of neural stretching intensity on nerve excitability using the latency and amplitude of nerve conduction velocity test (NCV) analysis. Methods: Thirty young, healthy male and female subjects (mean age = 21.30 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Nerve excitability was assessed using the median sensory NCV test. The latency and amplitude of the NCV test were measured under four different conditions: reference phase (supra-maximal stimulus, without neural stretching), baseline phase (2/3 of the supra-maximal stimulus, without neural stretching), weak stretch phase (2/3 of the supra-maximal stimulus, with weak neural stretching), and strong stretch phase (2/3 of the supra-maximal stimulus, with strong neural stretching). Results: The NCV latency was significantly delayed after one minute of neural stretching at the baseline, weak phase, and strong phase in comparison with the reference phase. The NCV latency was significantly delayed by increasing the strength of neural stretching. Furthermore, the NCV amplitude was significantly increased at the weak and strong phases, which were under neural stretching, in comparison with the baseline phase. The NCV amplitude was significantly increased by increasing the strength of the neural stretching. Conclusion: Transient neural stretching as a neurodynamic test can increase the sensitivity of the nerve without negatively affecting the nervous system. However, based on the results of this study, strong neural stretching in the neurodynamic test may delay the transmission of nerve impulses and hypersensitivity.

Muscle activity in relation to the changes in peripheral nerve conduction velocity in stroke patients: Focus on the dynamic neural mobilization technique

Kang, Jeong IL,Moon, Young Jun,Jeong, Dae Keun,Choi, Hyun,Park, Joon Su,Choi, Hyun Ho International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2018 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.9 No.2

The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic neural mobilization program on the changes in muscle activity and nerve conduction velocity (NVC) in stroke patients. The participants were sampled and randomly divided into experimental group I (n=12) who underwent arm neural mobilization and experimental group II (n=13) who underwent arm dynamic neural mobilization. As the pretest, peripheral NVC of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves were measured using the Viking Quest; the biceps brachii, brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis activities were measured with sEMG. Each intervention program consisted of 10 trials per set and three sets per session. The intervention programs were performed once daily for four weeks (four days/week). Posttest measurements were taken equally as the pretest measurements. Significant differences in peripheral NVC in all sections of the radial and median nerves and wristbelow elbow and below elbow-above elbow areas of the ulnar nerve, as well as in muscle activity of all muscles except the biceps brachii. These findings indicate that dynamic neural mobilization was effective in increasing peripheral NVC and altering the muscle activity.

Muscle activity in relation to the changes in peripheral nerve conduction velocity in stroke patients: Focus on the dynamic neural mobilization technique

국제물리치료연구학회 국제물리치료연구학회 2018 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.9 No.2

The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic neural mobilization program on the changes in muscle activity and nerve conduction velocity (NVC) in stroke patients. The participants were sampled and randomly divided into experimental group I (n=12) who underwent arm neural mobilization and experimental group II (n=13) who underwent arm dynamic neural mobilization. As the pretest, peripheral NVC of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves were measured using the Viking Quest; the biceps brachii, brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis activities were measured with sEMG. Each intervention program consisted of 10 trials per set and three sets per session. The intervention programs were performed once daily for four weeks (four days/week). Posttest measurements were taken equally as the pretest measurements. Significant differences in peripheral NVC in all sections of the radial and median nerves and wristbelow elbow and below elbow-above elbow areas of the ulnar nerve, as well as in muscle activity of all muscles except the biceps brachii. These findings indicate that dynamic neural mobilization was effective in increasing peripheral NVC and altering the muscle activity.

스웨징(swagging) 작업자에서 수지진동증후군 및 신경전도장애

김성아,김상우,정상재,이채용,김규상,정보우,박상규 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목 적 : 스웨징작업자들에서 발생한 수지진동증후군 사례를 실제 진동수준 평가와 함께 보고하고, 진단시 신경전도검사의 소견에 대한 해석을 검토하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 4월과 5월에 구미소재 스웨징작업 종사자 8인을 대상으로 병력문진, 자각증상평가, 이학적 검사를 실시하고 수지진동증후군의심자 4인에대해 냉각부하검사와 신경전도검사를 실시하였다. 작업장조사는 진동측정장비들을 이용하여 실제 작업환경에서 측정후 국제표준화기구에 따라 평가하였으며, 수근관증후군의 동시 가능성을 알아보고자 인간 공학적 요인에 대해 조사평가 하였다. 6개월후인 12월에는 이들 4인에 대해 진동각검사와 싱경전도검사를 추적검사하였다. 결 과 : 진동수준은 주파수가중가속도값이 단일작업은 0.99∼10.79 m/sec^2, 2개의 복합작업은 3.03 ∼12.98 m/sec^2로서 ISO의 권고치를 초과하고 있었다. 1차 대상근로자 8인의 근무기간은 평균 8.7년(범위 0.8∼15)이었고, 1인은 당뇨병자이었다. 스톡홀름 분류에 의한 증상평가, 손톱압박검사, 진동각검사에서 비교적 진동노출수준과 비려하여 임상소견을 나타내었고, 2차 평가대상자 4인의 경우 신경전도검사에서 1인은 정상, 2인은 수근관증후군, 1인은 말초신경병증으로 해석되었다. 그러나, 문헌 고찰을 통해 수근관증후군으로 나온 신경전도검사결과는 오히려 진동으로 인한 다병소 신경장해로 판단하였다. 6개월후 추적 신경전도검사에서 4인 모두 진동으로 인한 다병소 신경자해를 확인하였다. 그러나, 1인에서는 수근관증후군의 동시존재 가능성을 고려하였다. 결 론 : 고정된 진동공구인 스웨징사용자들에서 수지진동증후군발생을 확인하고, 진동노출수준을 실제로 측정하여 그 양-반응관계를 동시에 평가하였다. 신경전도검사의 해석과 관련하여 수지진동증후군에서 종종 동시 존재하는 수근관증후군과의 연관성 및 감별점을 실례로써 제시함으로써 향후 진동장해를 평가하는데 도움을 주고자 하였다. Objectives : To investigate the hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) among symptomatic swagging workers exposed to hand-arm vibration, using medical evaluation and measurement of workplace vibration. Furthermore, to evaluate the neurophysiological findings. Methods : Four workers showing symptoms relevant to HAVS were evaluated. Medical evaluation consisted of medical interview, questionnaire, nail-bed compression test, and sensory perception tests for vibration and pain. Some other diseases were excluded by a medical interview, hematological assessment, and urinalysis. Cold provocation test was used to assess the peripheral vascular changes, and a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test was implemented to ascertain the peripheral neural changes. Pegboard, hole plate, and tapping board tests were performed to assess motor nerve function. The hand-arm vibration acceleration levels of the swagging machines were measured. Six months later, follow-up NCV tests were performed. Results : The actual exposure time to vibration was not longer than 15 minutes per day. The hand-arm vibration acceleration levels of the swagging machines, according to actual exposure time, were from 3.63 to 12.98 m/sec^2, by ISO 5349. The vibratory perception thresholds and the recovery time of a nail color following finger cooling were significantly increased in all four workers. The perception of pain was mildly increased. The nerve conduction studies at first diagnosis and follow-up showed multifocal neural impairment caused by vibration. However, we could not rule out the concomitant presence of the carpal tunnel syndrome in one worker. Conclusions : These results show that HAVS can be caused by hand-arm vibration in swagging workers. Interestingly, the NCV results suggested that vibration-induced neural conduction impairments could vary, and need to be interpreted cautiously.

Muscle activity in relation to the changes in peripheral nerve conduction velocity in stroke patients: Focus on the dynamic neural mobilization technique

강정일,문영준,정대근,최현,박준수,최현호 국제물리치료연구학회 2018 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.9 No.2

The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic neural mobilization program on the changes in muscle activity and nerve conduction velocity (NVC) in stroke patients. The participants were sampled and randomly divided into experimental group I (n=12) who underwent arm neural mobilization and experimental group II (n=13) who underwent arm dynamic neural mobilization. As the pretest, peripheral NVC of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves were measured using the Viking Quest; the biceps brachii, brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis activities were measured with sEMG. Each intervention program consisted of 10 trials per set and three sets per session. The intervention programs were performed once daily for four weeks (four days/week). Posttest measurements were taken equally as the pretest measurements. Significant differences in peripheral NVC in all sections of the radial and median nerves and wristbelow elbow and below elbow-above elbow areas of the ulnar nerve, as well as in muscle activity of all muscles except the biceps brachii. These findings indicate that dynamic neural mobilization was effective in increasing peripheral NVC and altering the muscle activity.