Removal of Uranium Ions From Sulfate-Based Acidic Soil Washing Effluent Using Ion-Exchange Resins

Hyun-Kyu Lee,Seeun Chang,Wooshin Park,Sungbin Park,Hongrae Jeon 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2

This study aimed to remove uranium (U(VI)) ions from sulfate-based acidic soil-washing effluent using the ion-exchange method. For effective ion exchange of U(VI) ions under acidic conditions, one chelate resin (Purolite S950) stable under low pH conditions and two anion-exchange resins (Ambersep 400 SO4 and 920U SO4) used in sulfuric acid leaching systems were selected. The exchange performance of the three selected ion-exchange resins for U(VI) ions was evaluated under various experimental conditions, including ion-exchange resin dosages, pH conditions, reaction times, and reaction temperatures. U(VI) ion exchange was consistent with the Langmuir model and followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic experiments revealed that the U(VI) ion exchange by the ion-exchange resins is an endothermic and spontaneous process. On the other hand, U(VI) ions was effectively desorbed from the ion-exchange resins using 0.5 M H2SO4 or Na2CO3 solution. Overall, on the basis of the results of the present study, we propose that Purolite S950, Ambersep 400 SO4, and Ambersep 920U SO4 are ion-exchange resins that can be practically applied to effectively remove U(VI) ions from sulfate-based acidic soil-washing effluents.

오염된 물로부터 이온교환수지를 이용한 방사성이온 제거

신도형 ( Do Hyoung Shin ),주고운 ( Ko Woon Ju ),정성일 ( Seong Ihl Cheong ),임지원 ( Ji Won Rhim ) 한국공업화학회 2016 공업화학 Vol.27 No.6

본 연구에서는 상용화된 양이온교환수지, 음이온교환수지, 혼합이온교환수지 각각 3종을 이용하여 Cs과 I 등의 방사성이온을 포함하고 있는 오염수 중 방사성 이온을 분리하는 연구를 하였다. 실험은 상온에서 회분식으로 진행하였으며, 이온교환수지의 양을 달리하여 각각의 이온교환수지에 대한 Cs와 I의 제염성능을 비교하였다. 이온크로마토그라피 기기로 농도분석을 한 결과, D사의 이온교환수지의 대체적으로 이온교환능력이 높은 결과 값을 가졌으며, 공통적으로 이온교환수지의 양이 적을 때, 이온교환수지 질량 대비 제염성능이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. D사의 양이온교환수지의 질량이 적을 때, Cs 이온에 대한 이온교환용량은 0.199 meq/g, 음이온교환수지의 I 이온에 대한 이온교환용량은 0.344 meq/g의 결과 값을 확인할 수 있었으며, 혼합이온수지를 사용했을 때에는 I 이온에 대한 이온교환용량이 0.33 meq/g으로, D사의 이온교환수지가 다른 이온교환수지에 비해 특히 I에 대한 이온교환능력이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. In this study, we used three kinds of commercially available cation, anion, and mixed-ion exchange resins to separate radio-active ions from a polluted water containing Cs, I, and other radioactive ions. The experiment was conducted at a room tem-perature with a batch method, and a comparative analysis on the decontamination ability of each resin for the removal of Cs and I was performed by using different quantities of resins. The concentration was analyzed using ion chromatography and the ion exchange resin product from company D showed an overall high ion exchange ability. However, for most of the experiments when the amount of ion exchange resin was decreased, the decontamination ability of the resins against mass increased. When the mass of company D`s cation exchange resin was small, the ion exchange ability against Cs and I ions were measured as 0.199 and 0.344 meq/g, respectively. When the mixed ion exchange resin was used, the ion exchange ability against I ions was measured as 0.33 meq/g. All in all, company D`s ion exchange resins exhibited a relatively higher ion exchange ability particularly against I ions than that of other companies` exchange ions.

이온교환수지와 무가염소독을 이용한 마을상수도 수질개선에 관한 연구

문백수 ( Bag-sou Moon ),박진영 ( Chin-young Park ),김오목 ( Ou-mok Kim ),서상원 ( Sang-won Seo ),전용성 ( Yong-seong Jun ),곽영주 ( Young-ju Kwak ) 한국수처리학회 2016 한국수처리학회지 Vol.24 No.5

This study was conducted to effectively control the nitrate-nitrogen and microorganism contamination in the small scale water supply system using the mini-module, the pilot plant and the field demonstration plant in turns. The results were as follows; The ion exchange resin was more effective than RO for removal 01 the nitrate-nitrogen. The nitrate-nitrogen removal rate of RO was constant, but the rate of Ion exchange resin was reduced according to the operation time. The nitrate-nitrogen and sulfate ion were removed up to 90% by ion-exchange resin until regeneration. Chloride ion was increased at the ion exchange resin treated water than raw water. The microorganisms were formed at the ion exchange resin, so a sterilization step is necessary in the water treatment process. The concentration of cations was not changed at the ion exchange resin treatment. Microbial growth happened at the ion-exchange resin, pre-processing filter, and the ultra filtration membrane. The heterotrophic bacteria 420 CFU formed at the ion exchange resin was not detected when sterilized by residual chlorine 0.5 mg/L generated by electrolysis without adding salt. The electricity to make the residual chlorine can be decreased by using the increased chloride ion replaced by nitrate in the ion exchange resin than chloride ion in the raw water, for example when make the residual chlorine 1 mg/L and 6 mg/L, the electricity was reduced 2.9 times, 3.9 times, respectively.

EVALUATION OF FERROCYANIDE ANION EXCHANGE RESINS REGARDING THE UPTAKE OF Cs+ IONS AND THEIR REGENERATION

HUI-JUN WON,문제권,정종헌,WON-YANG CHUNG 한국원자력학회 2008 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.40 No.6

Ferrocyanide-anion exchange resin was prepared and the prepared ion exchange resins were tested on the ability to uptake Cs+ ion. The prepared ion exchange resins were resin-KCoFC, resin-KNiFC, and resin-KCuFC. The three tested ion exchange resins showed ion exchange selectivity on the Cs+ ion of the surrogate soil decontamination solution, and resin- KCoFC showed the best Cs+ ion uptake capability among the tested ion exchange resins. The ion exchange behaviors were explained well by the modified Dubinin-Polanyi equation. A regeneration feasibility study of the spent ion exchange resins was also performed by the successive application of hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine. The desorption of the Cs+ ion from the ion exchange resin satisfied the electroneutrality condition in the oxidation step; the desorption of the Fe²+ ion in the reduction step could also be reduced by adding the K+ ion.

EVALUATION OF FERROCYANIDE ANION EXCHANGE RESINS REGARDING THE UPTAKE OF Cs⁺ IONS AND THEIR REGENERATION

Won, Hui-Jun,Moon, Jei-Kwon,Jung, Chong-Hun,Chung, Won-Yang Korean Nuclear Society 2008 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.40 No.6

Ferrocyanide-anion exchange resin was prepared and the prepared ion exchange resins were tested on the ability to uptake $Cs^+$ ion. The prepared ion exchange resins were resin-KCoFC, resin-KNiFC, and resin-KCuFC. The three tested ion exchange resins showed ion exchange selectivity on the $Cs^+$ ion of the surrogate soil decontamination solution, and resin-KCoFC showed the best $Cs^+$ ion uptake capability among the tested ion exchange resins. The ion exchange behaviors were explained well by the modified Dubinin-Polanyi equation. A regeneration feasibility study of the spent ion exchange resins was also performed by the successive application of hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine. The desorption of the $Cs^+$ ion from the ion exchange resin satisfied the electroneutrality condition in the oxidation step; the desorption of the $Fe^{2+}$ ion in the reduction step could also be reduced by adding the $K^+$ ion.

Cl^- 형태의 음이온 교환 수지를 이용한 오쏘인산 이온의 제거에 관한 연구

김기철(Ki Chul Kim),박수진(Su Jin Park),차란(Ran Cha),정태영(Tae Young Jeong),정형근(Hyung Keun Chung) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.3

Cl^- 형태의 음이온 교환 수지를 이용하여 오쏘인산 이온의 제거에 관한 연구를 수행하여, 오쏘인산의 형태에 따른 이온 교환 메커니즘을 살펴보았다. 또한, 알칼리도의 영향 및 타 이온의 영향을 조사하였다. 유입수에 포함된 오쏘인산 이온의 산 화수가 2와 3인 화학종(HPO₄2- and PO₄3-)의 경우, 이온 교환 반응을 통해 완전히 제거되었으나, 1가 화학종(H₂PO₄-)인 경우는 음이온 교환 수지에 대한 친화도가 Cl- 이온과 경쟁적으로 작용하여 부분적인 제거만 이루어졌다. 이온 교환 반응을 거친 유출수의 pH는 유입수에 포함된 오쏘인산 이온의 당량에 해당하는 Cl- 이온이 유출수에 포함된 것을 근거로 계산한 수치에 비해 상당히 낮은 pH 값을 나타내었다. 이는 1가 이온은 2가 이온으로, 2가 이온은 3가 이온으로 변환되어 이온 교환되었기 때문으로 해석할 수 있었다. 알칼리도가 증가할 경우, pH 강하는 최소화되었다, 알칼리도가 100 mg/L (CaCO₃) 이상일 경우, 100 mg/L의 오쏘인산 이온(H₂PO₄- 이온 포함)을 용액에서 모든 오쏘인산 이온이 제거되었다. 수용액에 포함된 SO₄2-와 NO₃- 이온은 오쏘인산 이온과 함께 제거가 되었으며, 이에 해당하는 만큼 이온 교환 용량이 감소되었다. The removal of orthophosphate ions from aqueous solutions by the anion exchange resin in the form of Cl- ion was investigated to elucidate the ion exchange mechanism which depends on the forms of orhthophoshate ions. In addition, the effects of alkalinity and other common anions were studied. The results showed that the orhthophosphate ions with the oxidation state of 2 and 3 (HPO₄2- and PO₄3-) were effectively removed by the anion exchange resin, whereas the part of the H₂PO₄- ion passed through the ion exchange column. This suggested that the affinity of H₂PO₄- to the ion exchange resin was comparable with that of Clion. In all cases, the effluent pHs have shown to be much lower than the calculated values, indicating that more Cl- ions than the orthophosphate equivalents in the influent were eluded. As the alkalinity increases, the decrease in pH was minimized. When the alkalinity was 100 mg/L (CaCO₃) or greater, 100 mg/L orthophosphate ions including H₂PO₄- were completely removed. The common anions such as SO₄2- and NO₃- were also removed by the anion exchange resin, and thus decreased the ion exchange capacity for the removal of orthophosphate.

$Na^+$$\longleftrightarrow$$Ag^+$ 이온교환에 따른 Na_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2$ 계 유리의 특성 및 살균효과

이광희,최세영 한국세라믹학회 1996 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Glasses of Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2 system were prepared and ion-exchange characteristics change of properties and bactericidal effects by Na+↔Ag+ ion exchange were studied. Parent glasses with three compositions of varying Na2O in the 20~30 wt% were ion-exchanged in the molten salt of 2 mol% AgNO3+98 mol% NaNO3 at 320~36$0^{\circ}C$ for 15~16min. Amount of ion exchange and penetration depth of Ag+ ion increased with Na2O content in the parent glass ion exchange temperature and time. After ion exchange densities and Vickers hardness of the glasses increased and the glasses showed yellow-brown color and as amount of ion exchange increased the color turned deep because partial reduction and agglomeration of Ag+ into Ag0 results in absorption of visible light. After ion exchange chemical durability of the glass to wter was enhanced compara-bly that weight loss and change of surface of the glass were not found for the leaching test in 5$0^{\circ}C$ K.I water for 240hrs. Bactericidal effect of ion exchanged glass on Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli was determined by microorganism test and bactericidal effect increased with amount of ion exchange and incubation time.

바나듐 레독스 흐름전지용 이온교환막의 수명 예측

조국진,박진수,Cho, Kook-Jin,Park, Jin-Soo 한국전기화학회 2016 한국전기화학회지 Vol.19 No.1

바나듐 레독스 흐름 전지는 서로 다른 산화수를 가지는 이온의 산화 환원 반응을 이용하여 전기에너지와 화학에너지를 상호 변환하여 충전 및 방전하는 원리의 에너지 변환 장치로, 구동 중요 요소로는 전극, 전해액, 이온교환막이 있다. 여기서 이온교환막은 산화 환원 반응의 수소이온의 전달 및 전해액을 분리하는 역할을 하며, 이상적인 특징으로는 높은 내산성, 낮은 저항과 높은 수소 전도도와 낮은 바나듐 이온의 투과성과 낮은 가격이다. 최근 이러한 목표에 도달하기 위해서 이온 교환막에 대한 활발한 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 개발된 이온교환막은 여러 물성 평가를 통해 적합막인지 판별하며, 그 평가 중 장기 내구성 평가는 막대한 시간이 걸린다. 이러한 단점을 보완하고자 본 연구에서는 평가 시간이 긴 낮은 전류밀도부터 평가 시간이 짧은 고 전류밀도에서 수행한 단기 실험(총 운전시간 87.5 시간)을 통하여 하나의 식을 만들어 그 수명을 예측하였으며, 실제 장기 내구성 평가(총 예상 운전시간 2,296 시간)를 진행하여 해당 식의 오차율이 5~6%로 적용 타당성을 확인하였다. 그 결과 본 식을 통하여 수명을 예측할 경우 96.2%의 시간을 단축시킬 수 있었다. Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is an energy conversion device in which charging and discharging are alternatively carried out by oxidation and reduction reactions of vanadium ions with different oxidation states. VRFB consists of electrolyte, electrode, ion-exchange membrane, etc. The role of ion-exchange membranes in VRFB separates anolyte and catholyte and provides a high conductivity to hydrogen ions. Recently much attention has been devoted to develop ideal ion-exchange membranes for VRFB. A number of developed ion-exchange membranes should be evaluated to find out ideal ion-exchange membranes for VRFB. Long-term durability test is a crucial characterization of ion-exchange membranes for commercialization, but is very time-consuming. In this study, the life time prediction protocol of ion-exchange membranes in VRFB cell tests was developed through short-term single cell performance evaluation (real total operation time, 87.5 hrs) at three different current densities. We confirmed a decrease in test time up to 96.2% of real durability tests (expected total operation time, 2,296 hrs) and 5~6% of relative error discrepancy between the predicted and the real life time in a unit cell.

Preparation and characterization of UV-grafted ion-exchange textiles in continuous electrodeionization

Yeon, Kyeong-Ho,Song, Jung-Hoon,Kim, Jung-Bae,Moon, Seung-Hyeon John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2004 Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology Vol.79 No.12

<P>Ion-exchange textiles (IETs) suitable for use in continuous electrodeionization (CEDI) stacks were prepared using the ultraviolet (UV)-induced grafting of acrylic acid and sodium styrene sulfonate for cation-exchange textiles, or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride for anion-exchange textiles, onto nonwoven polypropylene fabric using benzophenone as photoinitiator. Although the ion-exchange capacity (2.2 meq g<SUP>−1</SUP>) of the prepared strong acid cation-exchange textile was lower than that of IRN77 strong acid cation-exchange resin (4.2 meq g<SUP>−1</SUP>), the overall rate constant of IET was very high due to its low crosslinking and high specific surface area. There was no significant difference between the two different media in terms of the Co(II) removal rate. Furthermore, the current efficiency for IETs was higher than that of IRN77 cation-exchange resin during a CEDI operation, with efficiencies of 60% and 20%, respectively. The IET also showed the faster exchange kinetics. Therefore, IETs prepared in this study proved to have desirable ion-conducting characteristics within the CEDI systems. Also this study revealed that the primary removal mechanism in CEDI is the transport of ions through a medium and not the ionic capacity of a medium. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry</P>

Properties of heterogeneous cation exchange membrane blended EVA and LDPE mixed binder with pulverized Ion exchange resin

고대영,김인식,황택성 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Ion exchange resin is a widely used for the purpose of absorption, as well as ion exchange. In this study, the advantage of the ion exchange resin using a matrix of EVA and LDPE were enhanced physical properties. The matrix with the ion exchange resin was subjected to tests at the variety ratio. The cation exchange resins were pulverized by air jet mill. The average particle size of the cation exchange resins were under 10μm. The morphology of the heterogeneous membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). This membrane made by molding press and calendering process. Heating temperature was not over 100°C.