Interactive Human Intention Reading by Learning Hierarchical Behavior Knowledge Networks for Human-Robot Interaction

한지형,최승환,김종환 한국전자통신연구원 2016 ETRI Journal Vol.38 No.6

For efficient interaction between humans and robots, robots should be able to understand the meaning and intention of human behaviors as well as recognize them. This paper proposes an interactive human intention reading method in which a robot develops its own knowledge about the human intention for an object. A robot needs to understand different human behavior structures for different objects. To this end, this paper proposes a hierarchical behavior knowledge network that consists of behavior nodes and directional edges between them. In addition, a human intention reading algorithm that incorporates reinforcement learning is proposed to interactively learn the hierarchical behavior knowledge networks based on context information and human feedback through human behaviors. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through play-based experiments between a human and a virtual teddy bear robot with two virtual objects. Experiments with multiple participants are also conducted.

명상 프로그램 참여 청소년의 인성과 건강 증진행위의 관계에 대한 연구

강연희 한국사회체육학회 2009 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.35

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between human nautre and health promotion behavior of adolescents participating in meditation program. To perform this empirical study, the data for the present study were collected from one firms through questionnaire and all measures were self-administred by respondents. To analyze this data, reliability test and correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the casual relationship between human nature and health promotion behavior. The major findings of this study are as follows; First, the results of correlation analysis reported that subordinate human nature correlated significantly with subordinate health promotion behavior. Second, A multiple regression analysis shows respectively a significant influence on subordinate human nature and subordinate health promotion behavior of adolescents participating in meditation program. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between human nautre and health promotion behavior of adolescents participating in meditation program. To perform this empirical study, the data for the present study were collected from one firms through questionnaire and all measures were self-administred by respondents. To analyze this data, reliability test and correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the casual relationship between human nature and health promotion behavior. The major findings of this study are as follows; First, the results of correlation analysis reported that subordinate human nature correlated significantly with subordinate health promotion behavior. Second, A multiple regression analysis shows respectively a significant influence on subordinate human nature and subordinate health promotion behavior of adolescents participating in meditation program.

학교 조직의 전략적 인적자원관리가 역할행동과 조직성과에 미치는 영향

신민식(Min Sik Shin),신상명(Sang Myung Shin) 충남대학교 경영경제연구소 2014 경영경제연구 Vol.36 No.2

전략적 인적자원관리는 인적자원을 조직전략과 연계하여 통합적으로 관리하는 인적자원 관리를 의미하며 급변하는 경영환경 속에서 인적자원은 기업역량의 핵심변수 및 경쟁우위 확보의 핵심동인으로 인식되고 있다. 학교조직 또한 교육이라는 특성상 인적자원이 중요함에도 불구하고 이를 체계적이고 전략적으로 활용하고 관리할 것인가에 대한 관심이 소홀하였다. 이에 본 연구는 행동주의 관점을 기반으로 전략적 인적자원관리는 교원의 역할행동으로 발전되고, 이를 통해 조직성과를 가져온다는 구조적 관계를 설정하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해 광역시 지역 초등학교 교사를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 18.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 먼저 전략적 인적자원관리, 역할행동, 조직성과의 구조모형은 적합 모형으로 판정되었다. 다음으로 경로계수의 유의성을 검증한 결과, 역할행동에 대한 전략적 인적자원관리 .748(t=10.515, p<.001), 조직성과에 대한 전략적 인적자원관리 .456(t=5.808, p<.001), 역할행동 .300(t=3.843, p<001)로 통계적으로 유의한 영향관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 경로 분석 결과, 전략적 인적자원관리가 역할행동과 조직성과에 미치는 직접효과와 역할행동의 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 본 연구는 공공부문인 학교조직에서 전략적 인적자원관리가 교원의 역할행동과 조직성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 학교의 조직성과를 위한 전략적 인적자원관리의 새로운 접근과 정책적 시사점을 제시하고 있다. Strategic human resources management means the human resources management through which human resources are managed integratively in connection with organizational strategies. In the business environment that is rapidly changing, human resources are regarded as the key variable of corporate competence as well as the key driver to secure competitive advantage. On account of the characteristics of school organizations as well as education, even though human resources are crucial, there has been lack of interest in how to utilize and manage them systematically and strategically. Therefore, this study has set a structural correlation that strategic human resources management develops through teachers’ role behavior and this comes to bring organizational performance based on the perspective of behaviorism. To verify this, a survey was conducted to elementary school teachers in metropolitan cities, and the data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. First of all, it has been proved that the structural model for strategic human resources management, role behavior, and organizational performance is appropriate. Next, according to the result of verifying significance of the path coefficient, there existed statistically significant correlation in strategic human resources management for role behavior as .748 (t=10.515, p<.001), strategic human resources management for organizational performance as .456 (t=5.808, p<001), and role behavior as .300 (t=3.843, p<001). Lastly, according to the result of path analysis, the direct effect of strategic human resources management on role behavior and organizational performance and the mediating effect of role behavior were found to be statistically significant. This study is meaningful in that it confirmed the positive effect of the strategic human resources management of a school organization in a public sector on the role behavior and organizational performance of teachers. Also, this study proposes a new approach to strategic human resources management as well as political implications for the improvement of the performance of a school organization.

不動産行爲의 分類 試論

장희순(Jang, Hee Soon),방경식(Bang, Kyung Sik) 한국부동산학회 2010 不動産學報 Vol.42 No.-

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The study was going to classify the human behavior in the real estate activity. Becoming grounds though the real estate phenomenon and the activity were described in human's behavior to the real estate. (2) RESEARCH METHOD It examined it by the viewpoint of the following three. What is the human behavior to the real estate? What relation does the human behavior have to the society and the real estate phenomenon? Moreover, what relation do the human behavior and the real estate activity? Authors thought that the real estate activity is a result by human's selfish. The behavior is the mutual selfish behavior, the unilateral selfish behavior, and the bilateral selfish behavior. 2. RESULTS This Pattern of human behavior to real estate is bargaining, participation, resonance, mark, conformity, observation, and camouflage. It was pointed out that such an behavior was related to the real estate activities of the real estate industry management, marketing, the evaluation, brokerage, title analysis, the consultation, location, finance, management, development, the investment, the policy, and taxes, etc. The relation between the real estate and the heman behavior is the judgments of greatly useful for the grasp of the essence of the real estate phenomenon.

Estimation of Human Behaviors Based on Human Actions Using an ANN

Maimaitimin Maierdan,Keigo Watanabe,Shoichi Maeyama 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

An approach to human behavior recognition is presented in this paper. The system is separated into two parts: human action recognition and object recognition. The estimation result is composed of a simple action “Pointing” and a virtual assumed object, which has two attributes, one is “current status” and the other is “acceptable behavior”. Once the human action and object are recognized, then detect whether a vector calculated by human elbow intersected the object. If the vector is intersected, then estimate human behavior by combining the human action and the object attribute. The artificial neural network (ANN) is discussed as a main part of the current research. Whole ANN processing is simulated by Octave 3.8, the human actions are captured by Microsoft Kinect, and a human model is built by using human joint data.

건축 디자인 스튜디오의 비정형 건축 디자인에서 인간행동 재현이 창의적 발상에 미치는 영향

이윤길(Yun Gil Lee) 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2019 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.9 No.6

비정형 공간에 대한 사회적 요구는 점차 증대되고 있다. 전 세계적으로 새로운 공간에 대한 사회의 요구는 높아지고 있으며 이를 디자인하기 위한 Rhino와 같은 도구의 활용은 학교는 물론 실무에서도 그 비중이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 이와 같은 디자인 결과물 및 과정은 자칫 인간행동에 주는 편리함이라는 건축의 근본적인 가치를 간과하는 상황을 초래하기도 한다. 오히려 비정형 건축공간은 기존의 건축물에서와는 다른 인간행동이 나타날 수 있고 이는 사용자의 편의뿐만 아니라 안전에도 직결되는 중요한 문제이다. 교육적인 측면에서 비정형 건축 디자인 과정은 새로운 건축형태의 생성에 유익하다. 그러나 학생은 물리적인 형태로 규정되는 인간행동에 대하여 고려할 수 있어야 형태뿐만 아니라 공간적으로 우수한 건축물을 설계할 수 있다. 인간행동에 대한 고려를 위하여 일반적으로 설계과정 중에 사람형상의 이미지를 사용하곤 하는데 비정형 건축물의 디자인에서 어떤 효과가 있는지 구체적으로 밝혀진 바는 없다. 본 연구는 비정형 건축설계에서 인간행동 재현이 미치는 효과에 관한 것이다. 즉, 비정형 건축설계 과정에서 인간형상의 재현이 창의적인 발상에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 연구방법은 77명의 학생이 다양한 인간형상의 이미지를 자신의 비정형 디자인에 배치하고 배치 이전과 이후의 설계결과물을 각각 산출하게 하였다. 또한, 각 결과물을 비교하면서 설문에 참여하고 설문을 통계적인 수법으로 분석하여 인간행동 재현의 효과를 고찰하였다. 연구결과를 통하여 인간형상의 재현을 통하여 설계자는 더욱 결과물의 유용성/합리성에 대하여 확신할 수 있으며 다양한 기능을 발견할 수 있고 사용자의 안전 및 편의에 대하여 더욱 검토할 수 있다고 분석되었다. The social demand for the atypical space is gradually increasing. The demand of society for new space is increasing all over the world, and the use of tools such as Rhino for designing them is increasing in the school as well as the practice. However, such design outcomes and processes often overlook the fundamental value of architecture, which is the convenience of human behavior. Rather, atypical architectural spaces can show different human behaviors than existing buildings, and this is an important issue that directly affects safety as well as user convenience. From the educational standpoint, the atypical architectural design process is beneficial to the creation of new architectural forms. However, students must be able to consider human behavior as defined in physical form, so that they can design not only types but also spatially superior buildings. For the consideration of human behavior, the image of a human figure is usually used during the design process, but the effect of the design of the atypical building has not been elucidated in detail. This study deals with the effect of human behavior representation on irregular architectural design. In other words, the effect of the representation of the human figure on the creative idea in the irregular architectural design process was analyzed. In the study, 77 students placed images of various human shapes in their atypical designs and calculated the design results before and after placement. In addition, we analyzed the results of human behavior by analyzing questionnaires by statistical method. Through the result of the study, it is analyzed that the designer can more sure about the usefulness / rationality of the result through the representation of the human figure, can discover various functions, and can review the safety and convenience of the user.

Fuzzy system based human behavior recognition by combining behavior prediction and recognition

Batchuluun, G.,Kim, J.H.,Hong, H.G.,Kang, J.K.,Park, K.R. Pergamon 2017 Expert Systems with Applications Vol. No.

With the development of intelligent surveillance systems, human behavior recognition has been extensively researched. Most of the previous methods recognized human behavior based on spatial and temporal features from (current) input image sequences, without the behavior prediction from previously recognized behaviors. Considering an example of behavior prediction, ''punching'' is more probable in the current frame when the previous behavior is ''standing'' as compared to the previous behavior being ''lying down.'' Nevertheless, there has been little study regarding the combination of currently recognized behavior information with behavior prediction. Therefore, we propose a fuzzy system based behavior recognition technique by combining both behavior prediction and recognition. To perform behavior recognition during daytime and nighttime, a dual camera system of visible light and thermal (far infrared light) cameras is used to capture 12 datasets including 11 different human behaviors in various surveillance environments. Experimental results along with the collected datasets and open database showed that the proposed method achieved higher accuracy of behavior recognition when compared to conventional methods.

Human life engineering in daily life : Recent trends of mobile support based on human factors

Shun’ichi Doi 대한인간공학회 2010 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5

Ergonomics (or Human Factors) are applied to make human life convenience and comfort according to precise observation and understanding of human characteristics and functions. In these fields of studies, basic and key technologies have been human centered design towards the improvement of quality of daily life. Living in our home, working in the office and moving in society are all in our daily affairs and life itself. In these circumstances, mobile support for human is one of the great issues in human centered design. To make better designs for driver support, first of all, a precise measurement of behaviors and understanding of the phenomena are also necessary to apply and fit with personal behaviors. In this paper the recent technical trends of driving behavioral analysis are reviewed for driving support systems and, above all, the examples of advanced behavioral analysis are shown for predicting the application for future active safety as well as suggesting the research topics for future development of driving support.

사회과 인권교육 내용요소의 통합적인 구성 방안

박길자 한국사회교과교육학회 2008 사회과교육연구 Vol.15 No.1

This paper is to analyze problems in human rights education in social studies and suggest an alternative teaching method. First, the concepts of human rights and human rights education in social studies are examined. Then, the problems in human rights education are investigated by viewing previous studies. The results show that current human rights education has focused on practical behaviors, lacking education on human rights based on knowledge on human rights and cognitive ability and thinking. This is participation-oriented education and therefore alienated from the space of students' lives. In order to overcome those problems, this paper suggests integrated human rights education, which consists of four factors; human rights understanding, human rights sensitivity, human rights experience, and human rights behavior. This study also builds up objectives and methods of human rights education and presents a model for integrated human rights lesson which reflects the objectives and methods. The example of teaching-learning model is suggested focusing on 'human dignity' and 'right not to be discriminated'. By providing human rights education based on the above model, it is expected that students can be aware of human rights properly and practice it. It will also help bring up citizens with reflective and critical thinking. 본 연구의 목적은 사회과에서 나타난 인권교육의 문제점을 분석하고, 이에 대한 대안적인 인권교육의 방안을 모색하는 지호에 있다. 이를 위해 먼저 사회과에서 인권과 인권교육의 개념을 분석하였다. 그리고 그동안 사회과에서 진행된 인권교육에 대한 선행연구 분석을 통해서 사회과에서 인권교육의 문제점을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 사회과의 인권교육에서 나타난 문제점은 인권에 대한 지식과 사고력 중심의 인지능력중심의 인권교육, 인지능력을 소홀히 한 실천적인 행위성향 중심의 인권교육, 학생들의 삶의 공간과 괴리된 참여지향적인 인권교육이 강조되어 왔음을 밝혔다. 이러한 인권교육의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 대안으로 인권이해, 인권감수성, 인권경험, 인권행위의 구성요소를 중심으로 한 통합적인 인권교육의 방안을 설정하였다. 이러한 인권교육을 실행하기 위한 목표, 내용, 방법을 설정하고, 이들을 반영하여 인권교육을 실행할 수 있는 통합적인 인권수업 모형을 설정하여, ‘차별받지 아니할 권리’를 중심으로 교수-학습의 실제를 제시하였다. 이러한 인권수업 모형에 근거하여 학생들이 인권에 대한 올바른 지식과 이해를 추구하고, 인권감수성을 함양할 수 있는 인권경험을 제공하여 인권적인 가치를 내면할 때, 진정한 의미의 친인권적인 행위가 나타날 것이다. 그리하여 학생들은 인권이해, 인권감수성, 인권경험, 인권행위를 통해서 반성적 사고와 비판적 사고를 가진 시민으로 육성될 것이다.

장기요양기관 요양보호사의 노인인권옹호행동 영향요인: 개인의 인권의식과 조직의 서비스 지향성을 중심으로

김민경(Kim, Min-Kyoung),김미혜(Kim, Mee-Hye),김주현(Kim, Ju-Hyun),정순둘(Chung, Soon-Dool) 한국노년학회 2016 한국노년학 Vol.36 No.3

장기요양보험제도 시행의 정착에 따른 노인요양서비스 이용 노인 규모가 점차 확대되고 보편화됨에 따라 장기요양서비스 질 제고를 위한 제도적 기반이 마련되는 과정에서 기존의 욕구에 기반을 둔 서비스(need based service) 제공의 원칙으로부터 인권에 기반을 둔 서비스(human rights based service) 제공으로 패러다임 전환이 요구되고 있다. 노인장기요양기관 요양보호사들은 요양시설 인권실천의 최전방에 있는 주체로 이들의 인권옹호행동이 질 높은 서비스 전달의 중요한 요인이 된다는 점에서 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 노인장기요양기관 요양보호사들의 인권의식이 인권옹호행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 또한 그 과정에서 환경요인인 조직의 효과는 이들의 관계를 어떻게 조절하는지 검증하고자 하였다. 연구대상 기관은 2014년 7월 현재 등록된 전국 장기요양기관(정원 30인 이상) 3,983개소 중 사회복지법인 등 비영리법인이 운영하는 782개 시설을 대상으로 하였다. 노인장기요양기관에서 노인요양보호사들을 대상으로 개인수준에 해당하는 인권의식과 조직의 서비스 환경으로 조직수준의 서비스 지향성이 인권옹호행동에 미치는 효과를 검증하고, 인권의식(개인)과 인권환경(조직)의 상호작용 효과를 통합적으로 검증하였다. 개인수준과 조직수준 효과 검증을 위해 분석방법은 다층모형(multi-level model)을 적용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 개인수준의 인권의식이 인권옹호행동에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치고, 조직수준의 서비스 환경에 해당하는 서비스지향성(리더십/태도/인적자원관리/시스템)은 세부 요소에 따라 영향은 다르지만, 인권옹호행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 개인의 인권의식과 조직의 서비스 지향성 상호작용 효과를 살펴본 결과 인권옹호행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나는데, 특히 서비스 지향성구성요소 중 ‘인적자원관리’는 인권의식과 상호작용을 통해 인권옹호행동에정(+)적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석을 통해 본 연구에서는 인권옹호행동에 영향을 미치는 개인 요인과 조직 요인에 대한 이해를 제고하고, 노인장기요양기관 인권 증진을 위해 요양보호사와 장기요양보호기관에 어떤 정책적, 실천적 개입을 할 수 있을지에 대한 함의를 도출하였다. As the provision of long-term care policy takes root and with a gradual increase in elderly population, the use of elderly care service has become a growing norm. More than ever, there exists an urgent need for a paradigm shift in the building of an institutional basis for the improvement of care service, from the prevalent practice of ‘need based service’ toward the concept of ‘human rights based service’. A great focus is being shed on care-workers, at the front line of advocating human rights, as their human rights advocacy behaviour is seen as a key variable in providing high quality care service for elders. This study aims to examine how care-workers individual human rights awareness levels, and the influence of their respective organizations, as an environmental factor, affect their human rights advocacy behaviour. The study includes a comprehensive analysis of the interactions between the regulatory effect of environmental factors (service orientation?) on an organizational level, human rights awareness (individual level) and the service environment (organizational). The analysis sample consisted of 782 registered non-profit corporation of long-term care facilities all over the country in 2014. The findings of the thesis suggest that human rights awareness at individual levels has a significant influence on human rights advocacy behavior. The interaction of human resources management in service orientations was also found to influence human rights advocacy on a significant level. Both human rights awareness at individual level and service orientations at organizational level were thus determined as key variables for improving the human rights awareness of care worker in long-term care facilities in Korea.