「Doing Business」 평가방법을 이용한 기업환경 평가 및 개선방안 - 제주특별자치도를 중심으로 -

오윤정,임정현,고태호 한국비교정부학회 2009 한국비교정부학보 Vol.13 No.2

Foreign investment and Business attractions are indispensible to the growth of a nation and local economy. Each nation or each region has set a policy to attract foreign investment and business. The decision of foreign investment and the business on the investment region would depend on the status of the business environment. To create a good business environment, the current business environment should be evaluated. Hence, this study compared a regional business environment with other nation's environment by national level business evaluation index and also evaluated the results. Doing Business of World Bank, the most commonly used analysis tool for cross-national business environment analysis, was used. Jeju, a sample to be compared with 178 countries, is ranked at 32nd out of 179. The comparative advantages are Enforcing Contracts, Closing a business, Dealing with licenses and Trading across Borders, while the comparative disadvantages are Starting a business, Paying Taxes and Employing Workers. This study suggests strategy to improve business environment of Jeju; abandoning minimum deposit, 100% deduction of land transfer tax and registration tax, shortening times of payment tax and cutting import and export costs by the level of Korea. The results base on the strategy show the increased ranking 18th from 32nd.

전기산업 경영환경지수 개발에 관한 연구

박홍희(Houng-Hee Park),김미리(Mi-Ri Kim) 한국산업경제학회 2015 산업경제연구 Vol.28 No.1

국내 경제는 세계화 진전에 따른 개방화와 높은 대외의존도로 인하여 글로벌 금융위기 등에 대하여 불확실성이 큰 상황에 노출되어 있기 때문에, 국내 경제의 불확실성의 영향을 많이 받는 전기공사업계도 불확실한 경영환경에 대한 판단의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 최근, 전기공사업 경기의 동향 및 전망에 대하여 전기공사업 경기지수가 발표되어 전기공사업 경영환경에 대하여 일정부분 파악이 가능하나, 전기공사업체에 대한 전체적인 경영환경 판단은 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 전기공사업체의 경영환경 변화에 대하여 신속하고 능동적인 대처에 도움이 되는 전기공사업 경영환경지수의 개발이 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. 전기공사업 경영환경지수는 전기공사업 경영환경에 민감한 개별 경제지표를 종합·지수화한 것을 의미한다. 본 연구는 단순종합지수 방식인 경영환경지수의 본 지수이외에도 기업의 체감상황을 반영할 수 있는 기업경기실사지수 방식의 경영환경 보조지표를 추가로 제시하여 전기공사업 경영환경에 대한 종합판단이 가능하도록 하였다. 전기공사업 경기종합지수와 통계 분석한 결과, 경영환경지수는 경기종합지수(ECI)에 영향을 주나, 경기종합지수는 경영환경지수에 영향을 주지 않을 것으로 나타났으며, 경영환경지수는 경기종합지수에 정(+)의 효과를 주는 유의한 설명변수로 분석되었다. 따라서 전기공사업 경영환경지수는 경기종합지수의 상위 개념으로서, 이론적 측면에서 볼 때에도 부합한 것으로 나타났다. Electrical construction business is influenced by domestic economy’s uncertainties. So it need the business environment index to establish a business strategy which eliminate potential risk factors. Nonetheless there are not business environment index in electrical construction business. Therefore this study focuses on developing the business environment index of electrical industry. And this study proposes to develop business environment index as well as secondary index to reflect electrical construction business’ opinions. Business environment index is produced with simple aggregative index(NEBR) that statistics korea uses for business index calculation. Secondary index is used with business survey index. We find that business environment index influences the business index of electrical construction business, but business index of electrical construction business dose not influence business environment index. Thus business environment index includes business index being compatible with concept category. In conclusion, business environment index is reasonable, and a great help to establish a business strategy.

경영환경 불확실성과 실제이익조정

허성준,이지연,현지원,최연식 한국기업경영학회 2018 기업경영연구 Vol.25 No.6

Business environment is getting dynamic, unpredictable and uncertain. Since uncertainties in the business environment can have a negative effect on the value of the firm, as revealed in prior studies, managers have incentive to manipulate earnings upwardly in order to mitigate such negative impact of business environment uncertainty. In this paper, we examine whether uncertainties in the business environment is associated with firms’ real activities-based earnings management(REM). Using companies listed on the Korean Stock Exchange(KSE) from 2000 to 2016, we find the empirical results as follows. First, environmental uncertainty is positively associated with the real earnings management. This implies that managers are aware of the negative effects of business uncertainties and manipulate earnings upward by managing operating activities. Second, the higher the degree of competition in the industry, the stronger the relationship between environmental uncertainty and the level of real earnings management. It is interpreted that since the industry competition exacerbates the negative impact of the environmental uncertainty, the industry competition strengthens the incentive of real earnings management of the firm which faces uncertainty of the business environment. This study contributes to the literature, showing evidence that the environmental uncertainty is the determinant of the manager's real earnings management level, and examining factors to strengthen the relationship between uncertainties in the business environment and manager’s real earnings management level. However, sales volatility and stock return volatility, proxies for the environmental uncertainty, have a limitation in that those can not capture comprehensive uncertainties of business environment. 오늘날의 기업 환경은 역동적으로 급변하고 있으며 예측하기 어려워 불확실성에 놓여있다. 이러한 경영환경의 불확실성은 기업의 위험이나 비용을 증가시킴으로써 기업의 성과에 부정적인 영향을 미치기 때문에 경영자의 입장에서는 이를 완화시키기 위해 이익조정 유인이 존재한다. 본 연구는 기업이 경영환경 불확실성에 처해 있을 때 경영자의 실제이익조정 수준이 어떻게 변화하는지를 살펴보았다. 2000년부터 2016년까지 유가증권 상장기업(KOSPI)을 대상으로 하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업이 경영환경 불확실성에 처해 있을 때 기업의 실제이익조정 수준이 증가하였다. 이는 경영자가 경영환경 불확실성의 부정적인 영향을 인지하고 이를 완화시키기 위해 실제이익조정을 수행함을 의미한다. 둘째, 산업 내 경쟁정도가 높을수록 경영환경 불확실성과 실제이익조정 간 양(+)의 관계가 강화됨을 확인하였다. 이는 산업 내 경쟁정도가 경영환경 불확실성이 가져오는 부정적 영향을 더 강화시키기에, 경영자들은 산업 내 경쟁이 심할 때 경영환경 불확실성에 대한 실제이익조정을 더 강화시키는 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구는 경영환경 불확실성이 경영자의 실제이익조정 수준을 증가시키는 유인임을 확인하고 이를 강화시키는 요인 또한 살펴보았다는 공헌점이 있다. 하지만 기업에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치는 환경적 요소들의 집합체인 경영환경의 불확실성을 기업성과의 일부분인 매출액과 주식수익률의 변동성으로 측정하였다는 점에서는 한계점을 갖는다.

국제무역환경변화에 따른 탄력적 무역경영전략에 관한 연구

홍창기(Hong Chang-Ki) 한국문화산업학회 2007 문화산업연구 Vol.7 No.1

Current international trade environment has been changing fast and continuously according to the globalization and digitalization. And it confronts with various kinds of uncertainty. So Korean trade structure has changed into that of the advanced countries over the world. And international trade business strategy of Korean firms engaged in export business should be changed into the up-to-date strategy. The flexible model of international trade business strategy make the firms successful by carrying out the export business activities adapting the international trade terms to current Korean marketing environment. For this purpose, wrote an introductory remarks as a way of bringing in the point at issue in the first chapter. And in chapter Ⅱ, examined about the major contents of the change of the international trade business environment. In chapter Ⅲ, studied about the change of the international trade business strategy. And finally, singled out the conclusion in the last chapter. Current international trade environment has been changing fast and continuously according to the globalization and digitalization. And it confronts with various kinds of uncertainty. So Korean trade structure has changed into that of the advanced countries over the world. And international trade business strategy of Korean firms engaged in export business should be changed into the up-to-date strategy. The flexible model of international trade business strategy make the firms successful by carrying out the export business activities adapting the international trade terms to current Korean marketing environment. For this purpose, wrote an introductory remarks as a way of bringing in the point at issue in the first chapter. And in chapter Ⅱ, examined about the major contents of the change of the international trade business environment. In chapter Ⅲ, studied about the change of the international trade business strategy. And finally, singled out the conclusion in the last chapter.

중소기업의 사업환경 인식, 기업 역량, 경영자 역량이 사업중단의도에 미치는 영향: 사업자신감의 매개효과

윤덕상,하규수 한국벤처창업학회 2022 벤처창업연구 Vol.17 No.3

The recent corporate economy, such as the COVID 19 pandemic that has spread all over the world since the beginning of 2020, the acceleration of the 4th industrial revolution, and supply chain management risks triggered by the US-China conflict and the Ukraine crisis, is more serious than ever before. CEOs who have started and managed small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are more concerned than ever about the sustainability of their businesses in this reality. Nevertheless, there were few empirical studies on the factors that influence the intention of SME CEOs to discontinue business. In this study, the perception of the business environment of SMEs (intensity of competition in key business areas, difficulty in manpower management), corporate competency (employee competency, company product or service competitiveness, supply chain and consumer relations, digital competency and technical expertise), and CEO’s competency(trust between employees and the CEO, management competency and perceived health status of CEO) on CEO's intention to discontinue business was discussed. As a result of the study, the intensity of competition in the main business field, and the difficulty in manpower management had a positive (+) effect on the intention to discontinue the business, and the employee competency, product (service) competitiveness, digital competency of the company, and the CEO's Health status had a negative (-) effect on intention to discontinue business. The relationship between these influences was found in the order of CEO's health status, product competitiveness, employee competency, digital competency, competitive strength in the main business, and difficulty in manpower management. It was analyzed that supply chain and consumer relations, trust between employees and the CEO, and management capabilities did not significantly affect the intention to discontinue business. On the other hand, business confidence has a mediating effect between the intensity of competition in the main business field, the difficulty in manpower management, product or service competitiveness, digital competency, trust between employees and the CEO, and the management capability and intention to discontinue business was tested. This study had academic significance in that it empirically analyzed factors related to intention to discontinue business targeting small and medium-sized business CEOs. In practice, as it has been found that business environment awareness, corporate competency, managerial competency, and business confidence are factors that influence the intention to discontinue business, if an action ideas that can reinforce this part can be found, SMEs can achieve sustainable growth or it may help CEO find an meaningful exit. 2020년 초부터 전세계에 확산된 코로나 팬데믹, 4차 산업혁명의 가속화, 미중 갈등과 우크라이나 사태로 촉발된 공급망관리 리스크 등 최근에 체감하는 기업경기는 과거 어느 때보다 심각한 편이다. 중소기업을 창업하여 경영하고 있는 CEO들은 이러한 현실속에서 기업의 지속성에 대하여 어느 때보다 고민하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 중소기업 CEO의 사업중단의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 실증적인 연구는 거의 없는 편이다. 본 연구에서는 중소기업의 사업환경(주력 사업분야의 경쟁강도, 인력수급 및 관리의 난이도) 인식, 기업 역량(직원 역량, 기업의 제품 혹은 서비스 경쟁력, 공급망 및 수요자 관계, 디지털 역량 및 기술전문성), 경영자 역량(직원들과 경영자간 신뢰, 경영자의 관리역량, 경영자의 인지된 건강상태)이 CEO의 사업중단의도에 미치는 영향에 관하여 중소기업 CEO 260명을 대상으로 실증적으로 논의하였다. 연구 결과, 주력사업분야의 경쟁강도, 인력 수급 및 관리의 난이도가 사업중단의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤고, 직원역량, 제품(서비스) 경쟁력, 기업의 디지털 역량 및 기술전문성, CEO의 건강상태가 사업중단의도에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 이들의 영향 관계는 CEO의 건강상태, 제품(서비스) 경쟁력, 직원역량, 디지털역량 및 기술전문성, 주력사업의 경쟁강도, 인력의 수급 및 관리 난이도 순으로 나타났다. 공급망 및 수요자 관계, 직원과 CEO간 신뢰, 경영자의 관리역량은 사업중단의도에 유의미한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 한편, 사업자신감은 주력사업분야의 경쟁강도, 인력 수급 및 관리의 난이도, 제품(서비스) 경쟁력, 디지털 역량 및 기술전문성, CEO와 직원간 신뢰, 경영자의 관리 역량과 사업중단의도 간 매개효과가 있는 것으로 검정되었다. 본 연구는 중소기업 CEO들을 대상으로 사업중단의도에 관한 요인들을 실증적으로 분석하였다는 점에서 학술적인 의의가 있다. 실무적으로는 사업환경 인식, 기업 역량, 경영자 역량, 사업자신감이 사업중단의도에 영향을 미치는 요인임이 밝혀짐에 따라 이 부분을 보강할 수 있는 실행 아이디를 찾을 수 있다면 중소기업이 지속성장하거나 의미있는 출구를 찾는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

e-Business성과 영향요인에 관한 연구

박재찬(Park, Jae-Chan),이윤철(Lee, Yun-Cheol) 대한경영학회 2010 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

중국의 경영환경 변화와 외국상회의 역할

정유선,정선욱 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2013 중소연구 Vol.37 No.1

This paper seeks to discuss an increasingly important role of foreign business associations in China under the recent changes in business environment. Foreign companies in China are facing greater challenges than before, since overall business environment, which is characterized by increased competition, a series of new rules and regulations, and selective favor by local stakeholders, constrains their business. Against this backdrop, as entities representing collective interests of member companies,foreign business associations have put spurs on various activities, while interacting with local government and local community. Empirically,detailed description on the current state and activities of three foreign business associations in Shanghai (American, Korean, and Taiwanese chambers of commerce) is offered. Foreign business associations in China have emerged as important actors interacting with the transitional institutional environment, and this study aims to lay the groundwork for further studies on this issue. 이 글은 경영환경의 변화 속에 그 중요성이 더욱 커진 중국내 외국상회의 현황및 활동을 논의한다. 중국경제발전에 큰 역할을 수행한 외국인직접투자 (FDI)는2000년 이후 큰 변화를 맞게 되었다. WTO가입으로 중국내 기업간 경쟁이 더욱치열해졌고, 유관 법률 및 집행 강화, 외자기업에 대한 우대혜택 축소 등으로 외자기업들은 직간접적으로 여러 어려움을 직면하게 되었다. 이런 배경하에서 외자기업의 이익과 목소리를 대변하는 단체로서 외국상회의 역할이 더욱 중요해졌고 각국의 상회는 다양한 활동을 통해 중국 정부 및 지역사회와 상호작용하고 있다. 이글은 현실적인 중요성에도 불구하고 아직 연구가 미진한 중국내 외국상회에 대해두 저자의 현지조사를 통해 얻은 자료를 바탕으로 상하이 지역의 미국, 한국, 대만상회의 현황 및 활동을 소개한다. 큰 틀에서 본 연구는 외국상회가 어떠한 방식으로 변화하는 제도 환경에 대응하고 상호작용을 주고받는가를 살펴보기 위한 기초작업이며, 이를 통해 중국내 외국상회에 대한 본격적인 후속 연구를 위한 토대를제공하고자 한다.

Environment of Doing Business in East Asia : South Korean Experience

Jihène Malek 한국유통과학회 2016 The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business( Vol.7 No.1

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to aim to stress the importance of doing business environment in South Korean economy. The theoretical justification is based on neo-institutional theories and new business management including Porter’s Model as main justifications of state intervention due to the market failures to promote a competitive environment of doing business. Research design, data and methodology – The methods to be taken is to provide a comparative performance analysis, and offer in terms of doing business and economic freedom sub-index complemented by Korean reforms diagnostics. Results – The main results underlined the key factors explain the success of business environment in South Korea such as: a simplified registration procedures, a target tax incentives, the removal of business barriers, the improvement of legislative and regulatory framework, target reforms, property right and technical norms, good governance and the quality of institution, a role of a well-functioning legal framework, a strong competition framework, and the transparency of regulation, etc. Conclusion – A competitive environment of doing business is based on the target national strategies, appropriate reforms responding to national needs and good governance system.

벤처기업의 성공요인과 경영성과간의 관계에 관한 실증연구 -부산 지역 벤처기업을 중심으로-

지성권,김정교,최종서,신종국,최수형 대한경영학회 2002 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

This research focuses on the success factors(character of entrepreneur, outer supports, organizational structure and culture, marketing-orientation, industrial environment, strategy) and management performance of venture business in Busan. The data of 91 venture business among them are collected by direct interview. The statistical techniques that are used to test hypothesis were multiple regression analysis, analysis, one-way analysis of variance (oneway­ANOVA). As a result of this research, 1.Only Career characteristics of entrepreneur factors have positive influence on Performance of Venture Business. 2.Outer Supports have not influence on Performance of Venture Business. 3.Only leveling of organizational structure and Only intimacy of culture have positive influence on Performance of Venture Business. 4.Information transmission and information reaction of marketing-orientation have positive influence on Performance of Venture Business. 5.Only cost leadership of strategy have positive influence on Performance of Venture Business. 6.Only hostility of environment have positive influence on Performance of Venture Business. In this respect, this study may help that Busan venture business can build their own strategy, and provide with more knowledge for growth of venture business in Busan.

소규모 외식업체의 경영자 특성과 경영환경이 인지적 경영성과에 미치는 영향

송주완 한국외식산업학회 2020 한국외식산업학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of management characteristics and recognized management environment of small restaurant operators on the perceived management performance. This study was conducted for business operators who have operated small restaurants with an area of 150 square meters or less, four employees or fewer, and 19 seats or less among those registered as business operator in Sejong City. Data were collected from total 183 questionnaires to conduct frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and regression analysis using the SPSS 18.0 statistical package. As a result, the managerial characteristics were classified into three factors, psychological characteristics, competency characteristics, and behavioral characteristics. The management environment were classified into 2 factors, uncertainty of external management environment, uncertainty of internal management environment, the cognitive management performance is classified into a single factor. As a result of the regression analysis for the verification of the hypothesis, the psychological and behavioral characteristics among the manager characteristics are found to have a significant influence on the perceived management performance, and the competency characteristics showed no significant effect. Both uncertainty of external business environment and uncertainty of internal management environment are found to have a significant impact on the perceived business environment. Based on this study, it will be possible to provide small restaurant operators the characteristics of managers who can increase their business performance and implications that can overcome uncertainties arising from business environment factors.