특징적 임상 양상 및 예후를 가지는 결장 및 직장의 점액성 선암

유윤식,김희철,박상준,유장학,김정선,이강홍,유창식,김진천 대한대장항문학회 2003 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.19 No.6

자궁경부 선암 69예의 병리조직학적 검색

명나혜,하창원,조경자,장자준 대한병리학회 1991 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.25 No.5

자궁경부에 전이된 반지세포암종 -1례 보고-

김태전 ( Tai Jeon Kim ),김성철 ( Sung Chul Kim ),한경희 ( Kyung Hee Han ) 대한임상검사과학회 2007 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.39 No.2

This study is a report about a specific patient whose primary stomach adenocarcinoma metastasized to uterine cervix adenocarcinoma. A thirty-nine year old female patient was initially diagnosed as having metastatic adenocarcinoma in the supraclavicular lymph node. Upon further examination, she was diagnosed with stomach adenocarcinoma. 8 months later, a cervix punch biopsy was performed. The stains used for examination were H&E stain, PAS stain, Alcian blue stain, Mucicarmine stain, Papanicolaou’s (Pap.) stain, and as immunohistochemical stains, cytokeratin 7 and 20 were done. In the H&E stain, the tumor cells showed prominent and eccentric nuclei, thin nuclear membrane in abundant mucous cytoplasm, and cylinder shape. In the PAS stain, intracytoplasmic mucin vacuoles were stained with pink, and in Alcian blue and Mucicarmine stains, intracytoplasmic mucin vacuoles were stained with blue and red. As in the above results, she was diagnosed with undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. As found on the cytologic smear preparation of the uterine cervix stained by Papanicolaou``s stains, the background was relatively clear, the number of malignant cells was relatively low, and large and eccentric nuclei in abundant cytoplasm were observed. Upon observing the tissue preparation of the uterine cervix biopsy by H&E stain, a clear background, large and eccentric nuclei, and a signet ring cell types were observed, and the number of malignant cells were fewer than in the primary uterine cervix adenocarcinoma. The vacuoles in cytoplasm were observed. The nuclear membrane and chromatin were thick and very rough, and upon observation by cytokeratin 7 and 20 of immunohistochemical stain, the tumor cells indicated a positive rate of 70% and 20%, respectively. According to these results, also she was diagnosed with metastasized uterine cervix adenocarcinoma. In summary of the results of pathologic findings on stomach biopsy and cytologic, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical finding on uterine cervix biopsy, the adenocarcinoma of her uterine cervix could assert the adenocarcinoma of signet ring cell type that was metastasized from the primary undifferentiated adenocarcinoma in stomach.

전립선 선암종에서 Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase 유전자형에 따른 CpG 섬 좌, LINE-1 및 Alu의 메틸화 양상 분석

김정호,김백희,김보성,문경철,강경훈,김욱연,조남윤 대한병리학회 2009 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.43 No.1

Background : Genetic polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), in association with the influence of MTHFR upon DNA methylation, may cause differences of the methylation profile of cancer. Thus, we investigated the relationship between the methylation status of prostate adenocarcinoma and the genetic polymorphism of MTHFR. Methods : We examined 179 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma for determining the genotypes of MTHFR 677 and 1298, the methylation status of 16 CpG island loci and the methylation levels of the LINE-1 and Alu repeats with using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and combined bisulphite restriction analysis, respectively. Results : There was a higher proportion of the CT genotype of MTHFR 677 in the prostate adenocarcinoma than that in the normal control. The TT genotype of MTHFR 677 showed the highest frequency of methylation in six out of nine major CpG island loci, and these were which were frequently hypermethylated in prostate adenocarcinoma. The CT type showed the lowest methylation levels of LINE-1 and Alu among the MTHFR 677 genotypes. Interestingly, the CC type of MTHFR 1298 demonstrated favorable prognostic factors. Conclusions : Our study is the first to examine the methylation profile of prostate adenocarcinoma according to the MTHFR genotypes. The differences of the cancer risk, the genomic hypomethylation and the prognosis between the MTHFR genotypes in prostate adenocarcinoma should be further explored. Background : Genetic polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), in association with the influence of MTHFR upon DNA methylation, may cause differences of the methylation profile of cancer. Thus, we investigated the relationship between the methylation status of prostate adenocarcinoma and the genetic polymorphism of MTHFR. Methods : We examined 179 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma for determining the genotypes of MTHFR 677 and 1298, the methylation status of 16 CpG island loci and the methylation levels of the LINE-1 and Alu repeats with using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and combined bisulphite restriction analysis, respectively. Results : There was a higher proportion of the CT genotype of MTHFR 677 in the prostate adenocarcinoma than that in the normal control. The TT genotype of MTHFR 677 showed the highest frequency of methylation in six out of nine major CpG island loci, and these were which were frequently hypermethylated in prostate adenocarcinoma. The CT type showed the lowest methylation levels of LINE-1 and Alu among the MTHFR 677 genotypes. Interestingly, the CC type of MTHFR 1298 demonstrated favorable prognostic factors. Conclusions : Our study is the first to examine the methylation profile of prostate adenocarcinoma according to the MTHFR genotypes. The differences of the cancer risk, the genomic hypomethylation and the prognosis between the MTHFR genotypes in prostate adenocarcinoma should be further explored.

Is Immunohistochemical Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Expression Important in the Differential Diagnosis of Adenocarcinomas?

Bulut, Gulay,Kosem, Mustafa,Bulut, Mehmet Deniz,Erten, Remzi,Bayram, Irfan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18

Adenocarcinomas (AC) are the most frequently encountered carcinomas. It may be quite challenging to detect the primary origin when those carcinomas metastasize and the first finding is a metastatic tumor. This study evaluated the role of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) positivity in tumor cells in the subclassification and detection of the original organ of adenocarcinomas. Between 1994 and 2008, 64 sections of normal tissue belonging to ten organs, and 116 cases diagnosed as adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary gland, lung adenocarcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, adenocarcinoma of stomach, colon, gallbladder, pancreas and prostate, endometrial adenocarcinoma and serous adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary, were sent to the laboratory at the Department of Pathology at the Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, where they were stained immunohistochemically, using antibodies against SHBG. The SHBG immunoreactivity in both the tumor cells and normal cells, together with the type, diffuseness and intensity of the staining were then evaluated. In the differential diagnosis of the adenocarcinomas of the organs, including the glandular structures, impressively valuable results are encountered in the tumor cells, whether the SHBG immunopositivity is evaluated alone or together with other IHC markers. Further extensive research with a larger number of cases, including instances of cholangiocarcinoma and cervix uteri AC [which we could not include in the study for technical reasons] should be performed, in order to appropriately evaluate the role of SHBG in the differential diagnosis of AC.

Expression of Transforming Growth Factor β1 and E-Cadherin Proteins in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma: Its Significance in Tumor Progression

김치홍,박손야영주,유진영 대한암학회 2013 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.45 No.2

Purpose This study was conducted in order to investigate the significance of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and E-cadherin proteins in tumor progression of lung adenocarcinoma and to evaluate their differential expression in association with morphologic characteristics. Materials and Methods A total of 65 pulmonary adenocarcinomas were reclassified according to the new classification system proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, and European Respiratory Society. Tumor samples from 20 adenocarcinomas in situ (AIS, formerly bronchioloalveolar carcinoma [BAC]),9 minimally invasive adenocarcinomas (MIA, formerly BAC with ≤ 5 mm invasion), 17lepidic predominant adenocarcinomas (LPA, formerly mixed adenocarcinoma showing nonmucinous BAC features with >5 mm invasion), and 19 invasive adenocarcinomas with no BAC features were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for expression of TGFβ1 and E-cadherin proteins. Results TGFβ1 expression was detected in 46% (21/46) of noninvasive elements and 87%(39/45) of invasive elements (p=0.001). E-Cadherin expression was less frequent in invasive components than in noninvasive components (38% vs. 65%, p=0.009). Negative correlation was identified between TGFβ1 expression and E-cadherin expression in noninvasive elements (p=0.022). More importantly, significantly higher frequency of TGFβ1 expression was observed in noninvasive components of LPA (14/17, 82%),compared with those of either AIS (5/20, 25%) or MIA (2/9, 22%) (p=0.008). Conclusion Our data indicate involvement of both TGFβ1 and E-cadherin proteins in tumor progression of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. It is noteworthy that TGFβ1 up-regulation precedes alveolar destruction by invasion of tumor cells. TGFβ1 may thus have the potential to improve lung adenocarcinoma diagnostics and therapeutics.

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1,2,3 and Type IV Collagen in Gastric Adenocarcinoma : Influence on Lymph Node Metastasis and Prognosis

Jung, Eun-Sune,Kim, Byung-Kee 가톨릭대학교 2000 Bulletin of The Catholic Research Institutes of Me Vol.28 No.-

Background : During tumor invasion and metastasis, cancer cells traverse the barriers of the extracellular matrix, basement membranes and interstitial stroma, and gain access to the lymphatics and blood vessels for further dissemination. Although matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is believed to play an important role in these processes of several solid tumors, little is known in the gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods : Immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies to MMP-1(interstitial collagenase), MMP-2(type IV collagenase), MMP-3(stromelysin) and type IV collagen were performed in eighty paraffin blocks of the primary gastric adenocarcinoma tissue, and analysed the correlation with lympn node metastasis and survival. Gastric adenoma and benign gastric ulcer tissues were used as control. Results : 1. The immunoreactivity for MMP-1 in the gastric adenocarcinoma was observed in the stromal fibroblasts, cancer cells, neutrophils and monocytes. The increased immunoreactivity was not correlated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.4170), but correlated with prognosis(P=0.0063). 2. The immunoreactivity for MMP-2 in the gastric adenocarcinoma was observed in the stromal fibroblasts and vascular basement membranes. The increased immunoreactivity was correlated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.0517, Odd's ratio=2.274) and prognosis(P=0.0001). 3. The immunoreactivity for MMP-3 in the gastric adenocarcinoma was observed in the stromal fibroblasts and ascular basement membranes. The increased immunoreactivity was not correlated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.4508), but correlated with prognosis(P=0.0003). 4. The immunoreactivity for type IV collagen in the gastic adenocarcinoma was observed in the vascular basement membranes and tumor basement membranes. The decreased immunoreactivity was correlated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.0002, Odd's ratio=0.194) and prognosis(P=0.0001). 5. The intensity of immunohistochemical staining for MMP-2 in the gastric adenocarcinoma is inversely correlated with that of type IV collagen(Kendall's Tau-b correlation =0.37482, P=0.0001). Conclusion : Our results suggest that MMP-1, 2, 3 are important prognostic factors in human gastric adenocarcinoma. The increased immunoreactivity of MMP-2 and the decreased immunoreactivity of type IV collagen show statistically significant correlation with lymph node metastasis and prognosis. This suggest that the inverse correlation with MMP-2 and type IV collagen is important role in lymph node metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma. The mechanism responsible for the production of MMP by the host fibroblasts remain obscure and require further investigation. (Korean Journal of Pathology 33(4):251-258, 1999)

BRAF and KRAS mutations in prostatic adenocarcinoma

Cho, Nam-Yun,Choi, Minhee,Kim, Baek-Hee,Cho, Yong-Mee,Moon, Kyung Chul,Kang, Gyeong Hoon Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2006 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.119 No.8

<P>Constitutive activation of the kinase cascade involving RAS, RAF, MEK and ERK is common to human cancers, and mutations of KRAS and BRAF are mutually exclusive and serve as alternatives to activate the RAS/RAF/ERK signaling pathway. RAS mutations are known to occur in prostate adenocarcinomas, but little is known about BRAF mutations in these tumors. In the present study, BRAF and KRAS mutations were characterized in 206 prostate adenocarcinomas by enhanced PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing. The identified KRAS and BRAF mutations were then analyzed with respect to preoperative serum PSA levels, Gleason scores and tumor stages. Mutations in codon 600 of BRAF were identified in 21 (10.2%) of 206 prostate adenocarcinomas. KRAS mutations in codons 12 or 13 were found in 15 (7.3%) of 206 prostate adenocarcinomas. However, no tumor specimen contained both BRAF and KRAS mutations. Prostate adenocarcinomas with a BRAF mutation tended to show higher preoperative serum PSA levels, Gleason scores and tumor stages than prostate adenocarcinomas with a KRAS mutation. The results obtained show that BRAF mutations are as uncommon as KRAS mutations in prostate adenocarcinoma. Although BRAF and KRAS are members of the same RAS/ERK signaling pathway, prostate adenocarcinomas with a BRAF mutation showed clinicopathologic features that differed from those of prostate adenocarcinoma with a KRAS mutation. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>

위선종 및 위선암종에 있어서 PCNA 발현 양상에 관한 연구

김미진,이태숙,최원희 영남대학교 의과대학 1995 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.12 No.1

최근 3년간 영남대학교 의과대학 병리학교실에 의뢰되어 진단되었던 위선종 25례와 위선암종 64례를 대상으로 항 PCNA항체를 이용한 면역 조직화학적 염색을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) PCNA 양성율은 대조군 29.14±12.77%, 위선종 44.09±17.11%, 위선암종 80.15±10.69%로서 대조군, 위선종, 위선암종 순으로 유의한 증가를 보였다. 2) 위선암종에 있어서 PCNA 양성율을 조직학적 분화도와 비교한 결과, 중분화형 및 저분화형은 고분화형에 비해 반응도가 증가하는 경향이 있지만 3등급 간에 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 3) 위선암종의 PCNA 양성율을 침습 정도와 비교한 결과, 그 정도가 심할수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었고, 조기위암군과 진행성 우암군으로 대별할 경우 진행성 위암종에서 의의있는 증가를 보였다. 4) 위선암종의 PCNA 양성율을 림프절 전이상태와 비교한 결과, 림프절 전이가 있는 선암종에서 림프절 전이가 없는 선암종에 비해 의의있는 증가를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 PCNA 양성반응은 위선종과 위선암종의 감별진단에 크게 도움으르 주리라 사료되며, PCNA는 위선암종의 침윤과 전이에 밀접한 관계가 있을 것으로 생각되어 예후 측정에 보조적인 가치가 있을 것으로 추정되었다. 그러나 PCNA 반응도만으로는 독립적인 예후 척도로 인정하기 어려울 것으로 생각되며 다른 예후 인자와 함께 고려하는 것이 유용할 것으로 생각되었다. A monoclonal antibody to PCNA, which can be used on routinely processed tissue, was applied to 25 cases of gastric adenomas and 64 cases of gastric adenocarcinomas in order to diffentiate adenoma and adenocarcinoma and also to evaluate the prognostic value in adenocarcinoma. The results were summarized as follows: The PCNA labelling index was 29.14±12.77% in control, 44.09±17.11% in adenoma and 80.15±10.69% in adenocarcinoma, resulting in significant increase in adenocarcinoma compared to adenoma. In adenocarcinoma, no significant correlation was observed between PCNA labelling index and histologic grade, and there was increased tendency of PCNA labelling index in proportion to depth of invasion without statistical significance. The PCNA index was significantly increased in advanced adenocarcinoma compared to early gastric carcinoma, and also in positive nodal metastasis group than in negative group. From above results, the PCNA stain will be able to provide a helpful method for the differential diagnosis between gastric adenoma and adenocarcinoma, and could be a useful prognostic factor in adenocarcinoma if other factors are considered together.

자궁내막암종 발생에서 HSP70의 역할-ER, PR, p53, bcl-2 발현 및 Apoptosis와의 연관성-

강미선,박서영,이상보,윤혜경 대한병리학회 2000 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.34 No.5