Inclusion effect of soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, and Saccharina japonica in extruded pellet for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus, Reeve 1846)

( Ahyeong Yun ),( June Kim ),( Hae Seung Jeong ),( Ki Wook Lee ),( Hee Sung Kim ),( Pil Youn Kim ),( Sung Hwoan Cho ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2018 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.21 No.3

Inclusion effect of soybean meal (SBM) and fermented SBM (FSM) in extruded pellet for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus) was compared in abalone farm. Dietary inclusion effect of the combined macroalgae (MA) (Undaria pinnatifida and Hizikia fusiforme) and a single Saccharina japonica on abalone was also compared. Three thousand six hundred juvenile abalone were purchased from a private hatchery and acclimated to the experimental conditions for 2 weeks. Six 5-ton flow-through raceway tanks were used, and abalone were randomly distributed into tanks (n = 600 per tank). Three experimental diets were prepared in duplicate. Fish meal, FSM, corn gluten meal, and shrimp meal and wheat flour and dextrin were used as the protein and carbohydrate sources, respectively, in the FSM diet. MA was also included in the FSM diet. FSM and MA in the FSM diet were substituted with SBM at the expense of wheat flour and S. japonica, referred to as the SBM and SJ diets. The experimental diets were pelletized by an extruded pelleter. Water stability of nutrients in the experimental diets was monitored at 12, 24, and 48 h after seawater immersion. The experimental diets were fed to abalone once a day to satiation with a little leftover for 120 days. The retained crude protein and lipid and ash content of the extruded pellets were changed over all period of time. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the SBM diet were greater than those of abalone fed the FSM and SJ diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the SJ diet were also greater than those of abalone fed the FSM diet. The longest shell length, widest shell width, highest shell height, and greatest soft body weight were obtained in abalone fed the SBM diet, followed by the SJ and FSM diets. Proximates of the soft body of abalone were not different among the experimental diets. In conclusion, SBM was a superior protein source to FSM in extruded pellet for growth performance of abalone. Dietary inclusion of a single S. japonica was superior to the combined inclusion of U. pinnatifida and H. fusiforme in the production of abalone.

Substitution effect of white radish (Raphanus sativus L.)’ by-product and tunic of sea squirt (Halocynthia rorentzi, von Drasche) for Undaria pinnatifida in feed of abalone (Haliotis discus, Reeve 1846)

( Ki Wook Lee ),( Hee Sung Kim ),( Pil Youn Kim ),( Hae Seung Jeong ),( June Kim ),( Ah-yeong Yun ),( Sung Hwoan Cho ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2018 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.21 No.2

Substitution effect of white radish’ by-product (WRB) and tunic of sea squirt (TSS) for Undaria in feed on growth and carcass composition of abalone was determined. Eight-hundred forty juveniles were distributed into 12 containers. Three formulated diets were prepared in triplicate. A 15% Undaria was included in the control diet. The 15% Undaria was substituted with a same amount of WRB and TSS, referred to as the DRG and TSS diets, respectively. Finally, dry Undaria was also prepared to compare effect of the formulated diets on performance of abalone. The experimental diets were fed to abalone once a day at a satiation level with a little leftover. The feeding trial lasted for 16 weeks. Crude protein, crude lipid, and ash content of the experimental diets changed over all period of time. Higher crude protein and lipid and ash contents retained in all formulated diets compared to the Undaria were observed at 24 and 48 h after seawater immersion. Survival of abalone was not affected by the experimental diets. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the TSS diet was greater than all other diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the control diet was not different from those of abalone fed the WRB diet. Proximates of the soft body of abalone was affected by the diets. In conclusion, WRB and TSS are the promising feed ingredients to replace Undaria in abalone feed; especially, TSS is superior to either Undaria or WRB. The formulated diets produced improved growth performance of abalone over the single Undaria.

배합사료내 규조류 우점인 미세조류 오일 추출물 첨가가 까막전복(Haliotis discus)의 성장, 체조성 및 패각 색채에 미치는 영향

김희성,이기욱,정해승,김준,윤아영,조성환,이계안,김근용 한국수산과학회 2017 한국수산과학회지 Vol.50 No.6

Effect of dietary inclusion of microalgae, diatom-dominant, oil extracts (MOE) on growth, body composition andshell color of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus was investigated. One thousand four hundred and seventy juvenileabalone were distributed into 21 plastic rectangular containers. Seven experimental diets were prepared: MOE0,MOE0.01, MOE0.05, MOE0.1, MOE0.5, MOE1 and MOE2 diets containing MOE at the concentrations of 0, 0.01,0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2% at the expense of mixture of squid liver and soybean oils, respectively. The experimental dietswere fed to abalone in triplicate once a day with a little leftover for 16 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rate ofabalone fed the MOE1 and MOE2 diets were higher than those of abalone fed the all other diets. The shell length andsoft body weight of abalone fed the MOE2 diet were longer and heavier than those of abalone fed the all other diets. Crude protein and ash content of the soft body of abalone were affected by dietary inclusion of MOE. The shell colorof abalone fed the all experimental diets was different from that of wild abalone. In conclusion, dietary inclusion ofMOE improved growth of abalone, but did not shell color of abalone.

Substitution effect of white radish (Raphanus sativus L.)' by-product and tunic of sea squirt (Halocynthia rorentzi, von Drasche) for Undaria pinnatifida in feed of abalone (Haliotis discus, Reeve 1846)

Lee, Ki Wook,Kim, Hee Sung,Kim, Pil Youn,Jeong, Hae Seung,Kim, June,Yun, Ah-Yeong,Cho, Sung Hwoan The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2018 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.21 No.4

Substitution effect of white radish' by-product (WRB) and tunic of sea squirt (TSS) for Undaria in feed on growth and carcass composition of abalone was determined. Eight-hundred forty juveniles were distributed into 12 containers. Three formulated diets were prepared in triplicate. A 15% Undaria was included in the control diet. The 15% Undaria was substituted with a same amount of WRB and TSS, referred to as the DRG and TSS diets, respectively. Finally, dry Undaria was also prepared to compare effect of the formulated diets on performance of abalone. The experimental diets were fed to abalone once a day at a satiation level with a little leftover. The feeding trial lasted for 16 weeks. Crude protein, crude lipid, and ash content of the experimental diets changed over all period of time. Higher crude protein and lipid and ash contents retained in all formulated diets compared to the Undaria were observed at 24 and 48 h after seawater immersion. Survival of abalone was not affected by the experimental diets. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the TSS diet was greater than all other diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the control diet was not different from those of abalone fed the WRB diet. Proximates of the soft body of abalone was affected by the diets. In conclusion, WRB and TSS are the promising feed ingredients to replace Undaria in abalone feed; especially, TSS is superior to either Undaria or WRB. The formulated diets produced improved growth performance of abalone over the single Undaria.

사료 종류별 사육수온이 전복 치패의 성장에 미치는 영향

조성환,조영진 한국패류학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.25 No.2

This study was performed to determine the effect of temperature condition on growth of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai with the different feeds. A 2 (feed type; the dry sea tangle and experimental diet) × 2 (water temperature; 20 and 23℃, and 23 and 26℃ in the 1st, and 2nd feeding trials, respectively) factorial design was applied. Forty-five juvenile abalone averaging 10.1 g in the 1st feeding trial and 11.5 g in the 2nd feeding trial were randomly stocked into 6 of 50 L plastic rectangular containers each. Fishmeal, soybean meal and shrimp head meal was used as the primary protein source in the experimental diet. And dextrin and wheat flour, and soybean oil were used as the primary carbohydrate and lipid sources in the experimental diet, respectively. The dry sea tangle and experimental diet were fed to abalone once a day at the ratio of 1.5-2.0% total biomass of abalone with a little leftover in each experimental condition. Weight gain of abalone was significantly affected by feed type, but not by water temperature in the 1st feeding trial. Regardless of water temperature, weight gain of abalone fed the experimental diet was significantly higher than that of abalone fed the dry sea tangle. However, weight gain of abalone was significantly affected by water temperature, but not by feed type in the 2nd feeding trial. Weight gain was highest in abalone fed the experimental diet at 23℃, followed by abalone fed the dry sea tangle at 23℃, abalone fed the experimental diet and dry sea tangle at 26℃, which was lowest. Moisture and crude protein content of the edible portion of abalone was significantly affected by feed type, but not by water temperature in the 2nd feeding trial. However, ash content of the edible portion of abalone was significantly affected by water temperature, but not by feed type. In considering these results, it can be concluded that the well formulated feed was superior to the dry sea tangle for growth of juvenile abalone, and water temperature conditions of 20 and 23℃ seemed to be better than 26℃ to improve weight gain of abalone. This study was performed to determine the effect of temperature condition on growth of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai with the different feeds. A 2 (feed type; the dry sea tangle and experimental diet) × 2 (water temperature; 20 and 23℃, and 23 and 26℃ in the 1st, and 2nd feeding trials, respectively) factorial design was applied. Forty-five juvenile abalone averaging 10.1 g in the 1st feeding trial and 11.5 g in the 2nd feeding trial were randomly stocked into 6 of 50 L plastic rectangular containers each. Fishmeal, soybean meal and shrimp head meal was used as the primary protein source in the experimental diet. And dextrin and wheat flour, and soybean oil were used as the primary carbohydrate and lipid sources in the experimental diet, respectively. The dry sea tangle and experimental diet were fed to abalone once a day at the ratio of 1.5-2.0% total biomass of abalone with a little leftover in each experimental condition. Weight gain of abalone was significantly affected by feed type, but not by water temperature in the 1st feeding trial. Regardless of water temperature, weight gain of abalone fed the experimental diet was significantly higher than that of abalone fed the dry sea tangle. However, weight gain of abalone was significantly affected by water temperature, but not by feed type in the 2nd feeding trial. Weight gain was highest in abalone fed the experimental diet at 23℃, followed by abalone fed the dry sea tangle at 23℃, abalone fed the experimental diet and dry sea tangle at 26℃, which was lowest. Moisture and crude protein content of the edible portion of abalone was significantly affected by feed type, but not by water temperature in the 2nd feeding trial. However, ash content of the edible portion of abalone was significantly affected by water temperature, but not by feed type. In considering these results, it can be concluded that the well formulated feed was superior to the dry sea tangle for growth of juvenile abalone, and water temperature conditions of 20 and 23℃ seemed to be better than 26℃ to improve weight gain of abalone.

북방전복 (Haliotis discus hannai) 의 대식세포이동저해인자 (MIF, Macrophage migration inhibitory factor) 유전자 동정 및 발현분석

박은희,신은하,김영옥,김동균,공희정,김우진,안철민,남보혜 한국패류학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.32 No.4

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) are well-defined role as unique cytokine and critical mediator in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases. In this study, we isolated and characterized a full-length of MIF cDNA from the abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). The full-length cDNA of abMIF was of 1264 bp, consisting of a 5’-terminal UTR of 143 bp, an open reading frame of 360 bp and a 3-terminal UTR of 761 bp. The abalone MIF cDNA encodes a 119-amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 13.4 kDa and isoelectric point of 9.07. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis with the deduced abalone MIF protein and showed strong homology with disk abalone (Haliotis discusdiscus). The deduced amino acid sequence of abMIF exhibited homology with other reported MIFs, such as 80%, with that of other disk abalone H. discus discus MIF gene. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that abMIF was highly expression observed in hapatopacreas, intestine, foot, and gonad of normal conditioned abalone. Even though AbMIF mRNA level in hemocytes was low under the normal condition, it was sharply up-regulated and reached the maximum at 6 h post-infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and then decreased at 24 h post-infection. This result indicates that abMIF plays an important role in responding in the innate immune system.

해상가두리 및 실내 육상수조에서 북방전복, Haliotis discus hannai 치패의 적정 수용밀도에 관한 연구

김병학,박민우,손맹현,김태익,명정인 한국패류학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.29 No.3

Experiments for net cage culture at sea were conducted in each 2.4 × 2.4 m in area and took the samples from four different densities: 150, 300, 450 and 600 per cross-sectional area (m2) of shelter. The same stocking densities applied to indoor tank culture to investigate the growth and survival rate. The size of juvenile abalone sample was 36.14 ± 2.28 mm for net cage culture and 38.62 ± 3.22 mm or indoor tank. Feed such as raw brown sea mustard, raw kelp and dried kelp was sufficiently provided to the abalone. In net cage culture experiment, the growth of the spat of juvenile abalone was the fastest 60.53 ± 5.75 mm in the 150 abalone cage per square meter (m2), followed by the 300 abalone cage at 54.01 ± 5.17 mm, 450 abalone cage at 51.48 ± 5.37 mm and 600 abalone cage at 51.09 ± 4.96 mm in order. In the meantime, in the indoor tank experiment, the 150 abalone indoor tank was the fastest 47.50 ± 6.31 mm per square meter, followed by the 300 abalone tank at 45.92 ± 5.23 mm, the 450 abalone tank at 44.24 ± 5.59 mm and the 600 abalone tank at 43.62 ± 4.44 mm in order. The survival rate was more than 97.9% in all the experiments, not showing a significant difference. 전복 치패의 성장은 해상가두리의 경우 m2 당 150마리 실험구에서 60.53 ± 5.75 mm로 가장 빨랐고, 300마리 54.01 ±5.17 mm, 450마리 51.48 ± 5.37 mm 및 600마리 51.09 ±4.96 mm 순으로 나타났다. 육상수조의 경우 m2 당 150마리실험구에서 47.50 ± 6.31 mm로 가장 빨랐고, 300마리 45.92± 5.23 mm, 450마리 44.24 ± 5.59 mm 및 600마리 43.62± 4.44 mm 순으로 나타났다. 생존율은 모든 실험구에서97.9% 이상으로 나타나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 실험 결과 실험개시 후 3개월 이전에는 성장 차이가 나지 않았으나, 3개월 이후에는 성장 차이가 나타나기 시작하여 6개월부터는 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 특히 고밀도 실험구인 450마리및 600마리에서는 3개월 후부터 성장이 둔화되는 경향이 나타났고, 비교적 낮은 300마리 실험구에서도 6개월 후부터 150마리 실험구에 비해 성장이 둔화되는 경향이 나타났다. 본 실험의 결과를 종합하여 전복 가두리양식에 적용하면 일반적인 수용밀도인 m2 당 300마리 (2.4 × 2.4 m, 1칸당 1,500마리) 로 1년간 사육 후 분조하는 방법에서는 사육개시6개월 이후부터 성장이 급격히 둔화 될 것으로 생각된다. 그러므로 기존의 1년 후 분조하는 방법으로 사육할 경우는 m2 당150마리 (2.4 × 2.4 m, 1칸 당 750마리) 가 적정 수용밀도라생각되고, 기존의 수용밀도인 m2 당 300마리로 사육할 경우 6개월 후 분조하여 밀도를 낮출 필요가 있으며, 이러한 방법을전복 가두리양식에 적용하는 것이 양식 생산성 향상에 도움이될 것으로 판단된다.

Inclusion effect of soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, and Saccharina japonica in extruded pellet for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus, Reeve 1846)

Yun, Ahyeong,Kim, June,Jeong, Hae Seung,Lee, Ki Wook,Kim, Hee Sung,Kim, Pil Youn,Cho, Sung Hwoan The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2018 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.21 No.9

Inclusion effect of soybean meal (SBM) and fermented SBM (FSM) in extruded pellet for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus) was compared in abalone farm. Dietary inclusion effect of the combined macroalgae (MA) (Undaria pinnatifida and Hizikia fusiforme) and a single Saccharina japonica on abalone was also compared. Three thousand six hundred juvenile abalone were purchased from a private hatchery and acclimated to the experimental conditions for 2 weeks. Six 5-ton flow-through raceway tanks were used, and abalone were randomly distributed into tanks (n = 600 per tank). Three experimental diets were prepared in duplicate. Fish meal, FSM, corn gluten meal, and shrimp meal and wheat flour and dextrin were used as the protein and carbohydrate sources, respectively, in the FSM diet. MA was also included in the FSM diet. FSM and MA in the FSM diet were substituted with SBM at the expense of wheat flour and S. japonica, referred to as the SBM and SJ diets. The experimental diets were pelletized by an extruded pelleter. Water stability of nutrients in the experimental diets was monitored at 12, 24, and 48 h after seawater immersion. The experimental diets were fed to abalone once a day to satiation with a little leftover for 120 days. The retained crude protein and lipid and ash content of the extruded pellets were changed over all period of time. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the SBM diet were greater than those of abalone fed the FSM and SJ diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the SJ diet were also greater than those of abalone fed the FSM diet. The longest shell length, widest shell width, highest shell height, and greatest soft body weight were obtained in abalone fed the SBM diet, followed by the SJ and FSM diets. Proximates of the soft body of abalone were not different among the experimental diets. In conclusion, SBM was a superior protein source to FSM in extruded pellet for growth performance of abalone. Dietary inclusion of a single S. japonica was superior to the combined inclusion of U. pinnatifida and H. fusiforme in the production of abalone.

Original Article : Inclusion of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Soybean Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Abalone Haliotis discus hannai

( Jin Choi ),( Md Mostafizur Rahman ),( Sang Min Lee ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2014 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.17 No.2

An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the influence of dietary distillers dried grain (DDG) on the growth and body composition of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Five diets were formulated to contain 0% (DDG0), 15% (DDG15), 30% (DDG30), 45% (DDG45), and 60% (DDG60) DDG, and three replicate groups of abalone (average body weight: 3.6 ± 0.21 g) were fed one of the experimental diets at a feeding rate of 5% body weight per day once daily (17:00 h) for 8 weeks. Survival, shell length, and shell width of juvenile abalone were not affected by dietary DDG levels (P > 0.05). Weight gains of juvenile abalone fed DDG15 and DDG30 diets were not different compared to DDG0, but abalone fed DDG45 and DDG60 diets gained less weight than those fed DDG0 (P < 0.05). Soft body weight/body weight ratio of juvenile abalone fed the DDG60 diet was lower than that of those fed the DDG0 diet (P < 0.05), but proximate composition of the soft body was not affected by dietary DDG levels (P > 0.05). The results of this experiment suggest that DDG is a good replacement for wheat flour and soybean meal, and can be used up to 30% in the diet to maintain the growth performance of the juvenile abalone.

배합사료내 대두박 및 발효대두박 첨가가 까막전복(Haliotis discus) 치패의 성장과 체조성에 미치는 영향

김희성,정해승,최동규,장복일,김현종,이기욱,조성환 한국수산과학회 2017 한국수산과학회지 Vol.50 No.6

This study evaluated the effects of dietary inclusion of soybean (SM) and fermented soybean meal (FSM) on growthpromotion in juvenile abalone Haliotis discus. Six hundred and thirty juvenile abalone were distributed into nineplastic containers. Three diets were prepared with 22% fish meal, 2% casein, and either 25% SM or FSM used as theprotein sources in the experimental diets, and Undaria was used as a control diet to compare the effects of the experimentaldiets on the growth performance of abalone. The diets were assigned to three containers each and fed to theabalone once daily to satiation for 16 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) were higher in abalone fedthe SM diet than in those fed the FSM diet. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the SM and FSM diets were higherthan those of abalone fed Undaria. The crude protein and lipid contents of the edible portions of abalone fed the SMand FSM diets were higher than those of abalone fed Undaria. SM was superior to FSM as a protein source in abalonefeed. The SM and FSM diets facilitated greater growth than Undaria.