표고 A 교배형 구분을 위한 CAPS 마커의 개발 및 적용

박미정 ( Mi-jeong Park ),유림 ( Rhim Ryoo ),장영선 ( Yeongseon Jang ),가강현 ( Kang-hyeon Ka ) 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.4

표고는 한국에서 가장 많이 소비되는 식용버섯 중 하나이다. 표고는 사극성의 교배계를 따르며, 표고의 교배형은 자웅이주성의 다른 담자균류와 마찬가지로 서로 독립적인 두 유전자좌, A와B에 의해 결정된다. 표고의A 유전자좌에는 한 쌍의 homeodomain (HD) 전사인자가 암호화되어 있으며 이들의 N말단에서 나타나는 높은 변이가A 교배형의 다양성에 중요한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 표고 품종과 야생종에서 많이 발견되는 11종의A 교배형을 구분할 수 있는 CAPS 마커를 개발하고자 하였다. A 유전자좌에서 변이가 큰 부분을 PCR을 통해 증폭한 뒤 두 가지 제한효소HaeIII와EcoRI로 절단하여 DNA 단편의 크기 및 양상을 살펴봄으로써 11종의A 교배형을 서로 구별할 수 있었다. 또한 해당 방법이 이핵균주의 교배형을 확인하는 데 활용할 수 있는지도 살펴보았다. Lentinula edodes is one of the most widely consumed edible mushrooms in Korea. Mating in L. edodes is regulated by a tetrapolar system, and two unlinked genetic loci, A and B, are known to be major determinants of the mating types, as reported in other heterothallic basidiomycetes. The A locus of L. edodes encodes a pair of homeodomain (HD) transcription factors. The highly variable N-termini of these HD transcription factors contribute to the diversity among the A mating types. In this study, we developed a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker to discriminate 11 different A mating type alleles predominant among both cultivated and wild strains. Amplification of the variable region of the A locus followed by digestion with HaeIII and EcoRI restriction enzymes enabled successful discrimination among the 11 A mating type alleles. We also evaluated the applicability of this method in the identification of two A mating types of a dikaryotic strain.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Typing에 의한 동물과 사람 유래 Vancomycin 내성 장구균의 유전학적 비교

조윤상,이희수,김종만,류판동,박용호,유한상,이문한 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

It has been recently reported the possibility in the transfer of antimicrobial resistant to other animals and humans. In particular, the occurrence of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE), which have been known as a principal antimicrobial resistant bacteria in humans, has been increased as a pathogen of nosocomial infections. And then animal VRE were suspected as an origin of human VRE. In this work, we investigated the relatedness between VRE from animals and humans through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. The genetic relatedness of vanA, vanB, vanC-1 and vanC-2 genotypes was examined by RAPD typing, respectively. van4 genotypes have not been shown high genetic relationship each other, containing VRE from humans (n = 8) and chickens (n = 5). In vanB genotypes from humans (n = 3), 2 isolates were made up one cluster, shown 77.8% homology. Chicken isolates of vanC-1 genotypes (n = 11) were constituted 2 clusters and the homology of 2 clusters was 81.8% and 80.0%, respectively. In case of vanC-2 genotypes (n = 19), 2 isolates from pigs have been shown 76.9% homology. But, between VRE from animals and humans, the isolates of high genetic relationship could not be found and RAPD typing was a useful epidemiological method that could be confirmed the genetic relationship among VRE.

전류형 선형 앰프의 수학적 해석 및 설계

양주호(J. H. Yang),김영완(Y. W. Kim),정황훈(H. H. Jeong) 한국동력기계공학회 2005 한국동력기계공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Generally, There are two types in the power amplifier which is used in motor driving, magnetic bearing and so on. One is PWM type, the other is linear one. The power amplifier of PWM has advantages such as efficiency of 70 to 97%, High efficiency translates to lower internal power loss, smaller heat sinks and reduced overall physical size. type. But It has disadvantages of confusing application, noise generating possibility and need of matching with load inductance. And characteristics of linear type is low noise, wide band-width and simple application circuit. In this paper, we study the mathematical analysis and design of the existing current-type linear amplifier to drive resistive, inductive and capacitive loads.

압전 세라믹 액추에이터를 위한 소형 고전압 구동 증폭기 개발

김순철(Kim, Soon-Cheol),한정호(Han, Jung-Ho),이수영(Yi, Soo-Yeong) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.11

압전 세라믹 액추에이터는 스프레이, 디스펜서, 밸브제어와 같은 다양한 산업제품들에 응용된다. 압전 세라 믹 소자의 기계적인 변위의 크기는 인가 전압의 크기에 의해 정해지므로, 압전 세라믹 액추에이터 구동을 위해서는 고전압 전원장치와 함께 전력증폭기가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 간단하고 크기가 작은 H-브리지 형태의 전력증폭기와 플라이백 고전압 스위칭 모드 전원장치를 개발하였다. H-브리지 형태의 전력증폭기는 펄스폭 변조를 이용하여 압전 세라믹 액추에이터에 대한 에너지 입력의 크기를 쉽게 조절할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. Piezo ceramic actuator is used for various industrial products such as spray, dispenser, and valve control etc. Since the deflection of the piezo ceramic element depends on the applied voltage, it is required a power amplifier with high voltage supply for driving the piezo ceramic actuators. In this paper, we develop a simple H-bridge type power amplifier and a compact flyback type high voltage switching mode power supply for piezo ceramic actuators. It is easy to adjust the amount of energy input to piezo ceramic actuator by pulse-width-modulation with H-bridge type power amplifier.

Kinetostatic Modeling of Bridge-Type Amplifiers Based on Timoshenko Beam Constraint Model

Peng-Bo Liu,Peng Yan 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.9

In this paper, we develop an accurate kinetostatic modeling method for bridge-type amplifiers by incorporating the impacts of nonlinear shear effect, center-shifting and load-stiffening. To account for the nonlinear stress-stiffening and shear effects, a Timoshenko Beam Constraint Model (TBCM) is first investigated to accurately predict the deformations of the short beam flexure hinges popularly employed in the bridge-type amplifiers. Accordingly, a flexible branched chain model is established for bridge-type amplifiers, where the input and output displacements, as well as the displacement amplification ratio and the input stiffness, are derived. The results indicate significant nonlinearities of the amplification ratio and the input stiffness with respect to the driving forces, which are further verified by the finite element analysis (FEA) results. The proposed modeling method can derive a more accurate model of the bridgetype amplification mechanism to capture its kinetostatic behaviors, which can better support the design and control of flexure mechanism based nano-manipulating systems.

광대역 공간 결합 고출력 전력증폭기 개발

이호선(Ho-Seon Lee),박관영(Kwan-Young Park),공동욱(Tong-Ook Kong),전종훈(Jong-Hoon Chun) 한국전자파학회 2017 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.28 No.4

본 논문에서는 10개 단일 증폭기를 공간 결합하여 6~18 GHz의 광대역에서 동작하는 50 W급 공간 결합 고출력 전력증폭기를 연구하였다. 동축형 공간 결합기는 안티-포달 안테나와 같은 원리로 동작하는 핀라인-마이크로스트립 라인 변환기로 이루어져 있으며, 이 변환기는 6~18 GHz의 광대역 특성을 갖도록 설계되었다. 그러므로 공간 결합기 설계에서 가장 중요한 부분은 PCB로 구현되는 핀라인-마이크로스트립 라인 변환기의 형상이며, 이는 Klopfensein의 최적 임피던스 Taper에 근거하여 설계한다. 또한, 10개로 구성된 단일 증폭기의 공간 결합 효율을 최대화 하기 위해 증폭 기간의 이득과 위상차를 각각 제어할 수 있는 CMOS 기반의 MFC(Multi-Function Core) MMIC와 10 W급 이상의 GaN 기반 종단 PAMMIC를 직접 개발하여 단일 증폭기에 내장하였다. 제작된 공간 결합 고출력 전력증폭기는 6~18 GHz의 거의 전대역에서 50 W 이상의 양호한 출력 특성을 보여준다. This paper is a study of 6~18 GHz wideband high power amplifier which is composed of 10 single amplifier and coaxial type spatial power combiner. The property of this spatial power combiner is on a similar principle to antipodal antenna radiation mechanism. Therefore, the key structure of proposed spatial power combiner is the antipodal finline PCB board and the finline curve shape is numerically synthesized by using Klopfensein’s optimum impedance taper. The measured CW output power of spatial combined high power amplifier is nearly 50 W. In conclusion we prove the good combining performance between the spatial power combiner and 10 single amplifier over 6~18 GHz frequency ranges. Also, we developed the key component PA and MFC MMIC which controls the phase and gain of the each amplifier, The main characteristic of MFC MMIC is to maximize combining efficiency of power amplifier.

Voltage amplifier의 주파수 응답 특성을 포함하는 선형 임팩트 타입 피에조 구동기의 시뮬레이션

이종현,김경수,김수현 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 각 지부별 자료집 Vol.2009 No.12

Wideband Hybrid Fiber Amplifier Using Er-Doped Fiber and Raman Medium

서홍석,안준태,Bong Je Park,Woon Jin Chung 한국전자통신연구원 2007 ETRI Journal Vol.29 No.6

In this paper, we report the experimental results of a hybrid wideband fiber amplifier. The amplifying medium is a concatenated hybrid fiber consisting of Er-doped fiber (EDF) and dispersion compensating fiber (DCF). The gain mechanisms are based on stimulated emission in the EDF and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in the DCF. Since we simultaneously use optical amplification by the two processes, the gain bandwidth is easily expanded over 105 nm by a two-tone pumping scheme. Using an experimental setup constructed with a hybrid structure of EDF-DCF-EDF, we analyzed the spectral behavior of amplified spontaneous emission for pumping powers. We achieved an optical gain of over 20 dB in the wavelength range from 1,500 to 1,600 nm under optimized pumping conditions to make the spectral gain shape flat.

Fully Integrated HBT MMIC Series-Type Extended Doherty Amplifier for W-CDMA Handset Applications

Chanhoe Koo,권영우,김정현 한국전자통신연구원 2010 ETRI Journal Vol.32 No.1

A highly efficient linear and compactly integrated series-type Doherty power amplifier (PA) has been developed for wideband code-division multiple access handset applications. To overcome the size limit of a typical Doherty amplifier, all circuit elements, such as matching circuits and impedance transformers, are fully integrated into a single monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC). The implemented PA shows a very low idle current of 25 mA and an excellent power-added efficiency of 25.1% at an output power of 19 dBm by using an extended Doherty concept. Accordingly, its average current consumption was reduced by 51% and 41% in urban and suburban environments, respectively, when compared with a class-AB PA. By adding a simple predistorter to the PA, the PA showed an adjacent channel leakage ratio better than -42 dBc over the whole output power range.

Evidence of the genetic diversity and clonal population structure of Oenococcus oeni strains isolated from different wine-making regions of China

Dongliang Yu,Kan Shi,Xiangyuan Wen,Fangshu Xie,Tao Wang,Shuwen Liu,Ling He 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.8

Studies of the genetic diversity and population structure of Oenococcus oeni (O. oeni) strains from China are lacking compared to other countries and regions. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods were used to investigate the genetic diversity and regional evolutionary patterns of 38 O. oeni strains isolated from different wine-making regions in China. The results indicated that AFLP was markedly more efficient than MLST for typing O. oeni strains. AFLP distinguished 37 DNA patterns compared to 7 sequence types identified using MLST, corresponding to discriminatory indices of 0.999 and 0.602, respectively. The AFLP results revealed a high level of genetic diversity among the O. oeni strains from different regions of China, since two subpopulations and an intraspecific homology higher than 60% were observed. Phylogenetic analysis of the O. oeni strains using the MLST method also identified two major phylogroups, which were differentiated into two distinct clonal complexes by minimum spanning tree analysis. Neither intragenic nor intergenic recombination verified the existence of the clonal population structure of the O. oeni strains.