체성분도표를 이용한 남자 엘리트 운동선수와 성인의 체구성과 체질량지수의 위계적 차이

김혜진(Hyeoi Jin Kim),김철현(Chul Hyun Kim) 한국체육측정평가학회 2012 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.14 No.2

비만과 관련된 연구나 현장에서는 체지방 측정을 대신하여 체질량지수(BMI)가 지방을 나타내는 지수로 많이 활용되고 있다. 그러나 체질량지수는 체지방뿐만 아니라 제지방과도 비례적인 관계가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 체성분 도표를 활용하여 신체활동 수준이 다른 성인들의 체질량지수에 따른 체성분 분포를 확인하고 체성분 도표의 활용가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 18~23세의 규칙적인 신체활동을 하지 않는 일반성인 184명과 선수경력이 6년이상인 운동선수 144명, 전체 328명의 성인 남자를 대상으로 하였다. 신장과 체중을 측정하여 체질량지수를 얻었으며, DXA(dual X-ray energy absorbtiometry)를 이용하여 체지방, 제지방 등의 신체구성 성분을 측정하였다. 집단간 신체구성의 차이는 독립 t-검증을 실시하였으며, 체성분도표의 두 집단에 대한 체지방률의 분포에 대한 차이는 Fisher`s Exact Test를 이용하여 검증하였다. 연구 결과 동일한 연령의 두 집단에 대한 인체계측과 신체구성에 대한 결과는 모두 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 일반성인은 동일한 연령대의 운동선수 보다 체질량지수가 유의하게 낮았으나, 실제 지방량을 나타내는 변인인 체지방량(FM), 체지방지수(FMI), 그리고 체지방률(PBF)이 모두 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.01). 또한 체질량지수를 동등하게 한 후 운동선수와 일반인의 체성분을 분석한 결과에서 체지방률, 체지방,제지방, 체지방지수, 제지방지수 모두 유의하게 차이가 있는 것을 통계적으로 확인할 수 있었으며, 신체구성 도표에서 체질량지수, 체지방률, 체지방지수, 제질량지수의 분포를 탐색적으로 유용하게 확인할 수 있었다. The quantitative fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and percent body fat (PBF) have been separately used for body composition status, although the optimal physical performance of athletes needs not only an amount of FM and PBF but also an amount of FFM. Profiles of body composition for elite athletes have not been discussed. To show body components visually as a quantitative measure, a chart based on the fat-free mass index (FFMI, FFM/height square) and fat mass index (FMI; FM/height square) can be applied to investigate the nature of body composition profiles with physical training and sport events. Therefore, this study is aimed to address visual profiles athlete`s body composition on a graphical chart called the body composition chart. A sample of 328 subjects (144 elite athletes, 184 control) aged 18 - 39 years was studied to determine body composition by DXA. Among the body components, FFMI and FMI were put on an x- and y-axis in a body composition chart, where FMI, FFMI, PBF, and BMI (= FMI + FFMI) were visually analyzed together. As a result, there were significant differences between male athletes and male controls in FFM, FM, FFMI, FMI, and BMI (p<0.001) even though the body weights between the two groups were alike (p=0.562). All of the body components of athletes were different from them of controls (p<0.01). In the body composition chart, body components were separately distributed by level of physical activity. The migration of body components from athletes and age-sex-BMI-matched controls can be expressed distinguishing all body components including FFMI, FMI, and PBF vividly and quantitatively. The findings of this study show the distribution of FFM and FM are characteristically delineated on the body composition chart, demonstrating clear exercise-induced body-component differences. The body composition chart can vividly evaluate the profiles of body composition for elite athletes.

12주간의 단계별 복합운동프로그램이 중년남성의 신체조성에 미치는 영향

김원중,소인철,원하연,성기라 한국체육과학회 2004 한국체육과학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the change of body composition before and after combined running and muscular endurance training of 12 weeks on the 9 middle-age man. The combined running and muscular endurance training during 12 weeks was established to be 8 item, and then the during the 12 week training period, subjects participated in more than 30 minute of running exercise, four times a week at the intensity of 50%HRmax, and the method of muscular endurance exercise during 12 weeks was established to practice the training of 2-3 sets through repeated frequency of 10-20 times with the loading of the load was gradually increased by remeasuring 1Rm(Repetition maximum) every 4 weeks. The conclusion are as follows; First, Weight, Waist-Hip Ratio, Body Mass Index, Percent Body Fat are found to have a significant decrease(P<.05) of 0.83Kg of 0.01% of 0.24Kg and of 1.03% in the change of body composition respectively and then Total Body Water, Soft Lean Mass, Fat Free Mass is found to have a significant increase(P<.05) of 0.43ℓ of 0.96kg and of 0.33Kg in the change of body composition. Second. Weight, Waist-Hip Ratio, Body Mass Index, Percent Body Fat are found to have a significant decrease(P<.05) of 0.74Kg of 0.01% of 0.30Kg and of 0.91% in the change of body composition respectively and then Total Body Water, Soft Lean Mass, Fat Free Mass is found to have a significant increase(P<.05) of 0.78ℓ of 0.44kg and of 0.45Kg in the change of body composition. Third, Weight, Waist-Hip Ratio, Body Mass Index, Percent Body Fat are found to have a significant decrease(P<.05) of 0.54Kg of 0.03% of 0.57Kg and of 0.38% in the change of body composition respectively and then Total Body Water, Soft Lean Mass, Fat Free Mass is found to have a significant increase(P<.05) of 0.47Kg of 0.52Kg and of 0.36Kg in the change of body composition.

한국인 소아 청소년 신체조성의 변화

이영아,임중섭 대한소아내분비학회 2010 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.15 No.1

The term body composition describes the percentages of fat, bone, and muscle in the human body; it reflects the nutritional or growth status in children and adolescents. Further, its evaluation is clinically important to assess the nutritional abnormalities, growth failure, progress of chronic diseases, or treatment measures for these conditions. Body composition parameters such as total body fat and fat distribution are risk factors for metabolic disease not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. Inadequate bone mineral acquisition and failure to achieve peak bone mass is a risk for subsequent osteoporosis. Therefore, measuring the body composition is important to ascertain the natural course of metabolic diseases and to develop strategies for their prevention because the body composition of children and adolescents is predictive of their body composition as adults. This article will review the basic concept and methods of measuring body composition. This review also deals with the evaluation of body composition in Korean children and adolescents. Because the body composition of individuals differs with age, body weight, puberty, sex, race, and ethnicity, it is important for pediatricians to know the characteristics of the body composition change in Korean children and adolescents.

대학생의 4주간 줄넘기 운동 후 신체조성 비교

주민 ( Min Chu ),이명희 ( Myoung Hee Lee ) 대한물리의학회 2013 대한물리의학회지 Vol.8 No.4

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify how the body composition changes after jump-roping exercise. METHODS: The subjects are 40 college students, 20 females and 20 males. The subjects were selected among college students who had not taken any drug for more than 4 weeks before the experiment started. The experiment was performed for 4 weeks, from May 23rd to June 13rd, 2012. To collect the data, the vital signs such as pulse, blood pressure, weight), and the body composition were measured before and after the experiment. The data on the body composition were analyzed by the electrical resistance analyzer. RESULT: Muscle mass was increased and body fat was decreased for both females and males after the exercise. In particular the increase of the muscle mass and the decrease of the body fat for the females were statistically significant. The result that the body fat of the females was decreased significantly more than that of males is interpreted that the body fat of females are comparatively higher than that of males. Additionally the muscle mass of the left arm and leg of the subjects were significantly increased(p<.05). Correlation analysis between general characteristics such as body composition, abdominal obesity and specific muscle areas for both men and women showed generally positive between before and after the jump-roping exercise (p <.05, p <.01). However the correlation between sleeping time and each variable showed negative. CONCLUSION: A according to the result of this study, jump-roping exercise had a very positive effect on the body composition. The study suggests that college students keep jump roping for a long period to change their body composition favorably.

간호대학생의 체성분과 식이효능감

박형숙(Park, Hyoung-Sook),하재현(Ha, Jae-Hyun),이현주(Lee, Hyun-Ju) 대한근관절건강학회 2016 근관절건강학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine body composition and dietary self-efficacy in nursing students. Methods: The study was a descriptive, correlational study with a convenience sample of 197 female nursing students. This study was conducted from April 1st to May 31th in 2015. SPSS 21.0 program was used for data analysis. Results: The average of body protein was 7.90±1.17 ㎏ and normal range was 33%. A BMI’s average was 21.02±2.94 ㎏/㎡ and 62.9 fell into standard range. The average of dietary self-efficacy of subjects was 3.42±0.53. The subjects performed intense physical activities during three or more days had higher body protein (F=5.89, p=.003), body minerals (F=6.15, p=.003) and body-efficacy (F=4.13, p=.017) but remarkably lower body fat (F=4.04, p=.019). There is no noticeable correlation of body composition with dietary self-efficacy. However, it is obvious that each category of body composition had a significant positive correlation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that students who were inclined to overeat had higher body protein, body minerals, body fat, and BMI. Students performed intense physical activities had high body protein, body minerals, and dietary self-efficacy, whereas they had low body fat. Each entry between the body composition had a significant positive correlation.

Whole Body Vibration Effects on Body Composition in the Postmenopausal Korean Obese Women: Pilot Study

송고은,김광민,이득주,주남석 대한가정의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.32 No.7

Background: Whole body vibration (WBV) confers a continuous vibration stimuli to the body. While some reports have described the effects of WBV on bone mineral density, muscle mass, muscle power, study of WBV effects on body composition in postmenopausal women is rare. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the effect of WBV on the changes of body weight and body composition in postmenopausal women. Methods: Fifteen postmenopausal healthy and obese women who were on staff of one university hospital staff located in Suwon, Korea were voluntarily recruited. Inclusion criteria were age over 50 years, and body mass index (BMI) ≥25kg/m2. WBV group training was performed in 10 minute sessions twice weekly for 8 weeks. Before and after training,anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis were performed. Results: Weight (-1.18 ± 1.61 kg), BMI (-0.49 ± 0.66 kg/m2), waist circumference (-2.34 ± 2.48 cm) and muscle mass (-0.54± 0.59 kg) decreased signifi cantly the 8 week intervention. Decrease of muscle mass was correlated with weight (r = 0.621,P = 0.013), BMI (r = 0.596, P = 0.019) and percent body fat (r = -0.518, P = 0.048). Linear regression analysis revealed that the changes of muscle mass had negative relationship with percent body fat change and a positive relationship with body weight changes. Conclusion: WBV might display a weak but positive effect on body weight and waist circumference reduction in healthy postmenopausal obese women. However, attention must be given to avoid a decrease of muscle mass.

운동 프로그램 실시가 여자중학생의 신체조성에 변화에 미치는 영향

김선응(Seon Eung Kim),천인우(In Woo Cheon) 한국발육발달학회 2005 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.13 No.4

This study is investigate that body composition will be changed through the exercise program 160 subjects were divided into four groups such as control group, 4 weeks group, 8 weeks group and 16 weeks group. the % at, the amount of body fat and the weight of body fat were measured for the body composition. It showed that as for the effect of body composition, there was little difference in the % fat, the amount of body fat and the weight of body fat for the control group, and there was a little difference only in the rate of body fat for 4 weeks group, and there was difference in three items for 8 weeks group. It showed that there was difference in the % fat and the amount of body fat no difference in the weight of body fat. But it showed that body composition generally changed by application of the program.

노인에서 신체 조성과 골밀도와의 관계

이길상(Gill Sang Yi),오미경(Mi Kyeong Oh),김하경(Haa Gyoung Kim),강주안(Joo An Kang),김진영(Jin-Young Kim) 대한임상노인의학회 2011 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

연구배경: 일반적으로 체중이 증가 할수록 골밀도가 증가하고 골절을 예방하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 최근 반대의 의견을 제시하는 몇몇 연구가 발표되면서, 이는 체중을 구성하는 제지방과 체지방의 량에 따라 골밀도가 달라질 수 있음을 시사하게 되었다. 이에 본 연구는 노인에서 신체 조성과 골밀도의 관계에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 골밀도 검사를 시행한 60세 이상의 남성 121명과 여성 416명을 대상으로 골밀도와 체중, 제지방량, 체지방량 그리고 허리둘레와의 관계를 분석하였다. 그리고 신체를 상지, 하지, 몸통으로 구분하여 골밀도와 각 신체 부위의 근육량 및 지방량간의 관계도 분석하였다. 결과: 남성과 여성 모두 체질량지수가 높을수록 골밀도는 높았으며, 체중을 구성하는 성분 중 제지방량이 체지방량보다 골밀도와 높은 연관성이 있었다. 연령과 생활습관, 체중, 키를 보정한 후 남성의 골밀도는 제지방량, 체지방량과 상관관계가 없었으나, 허리둘레와 음의 상관관계를 보였고, 여성의 경우는 제지방량을 비롯한 모든 근육량은 골밀도와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 특히 몸의 근육량보다 사지 근육량이 더욱 밀접한 연관성을 보였다. 허리둘레를 비롯한 모든 지방량은 골밀도와 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 노인에서 체성분 중 골밀도에 미치는 영향이 큰 것은 체지방량보다 제지방량이었으며, 노인 허리둘레가 클수록 낮은 골밀도를 보였다. 따라서 노인에서 골밀도를 증가시키기 위해서는 근육량을 증가시키고 바람직한 체형을 유지하는 것이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Traditionally, It is known that bone mineral density (BMD) increases as body weight increases. However, recent epidemiologic studies have described an opposite events. There are controversial issues as to whether lean mass or fat mass might to the most determinant of BMD. Our aim was to evaluate the associations between both lean body mass or fat mass and BMD in elderly. Methods: The design is a cross-sectional analysis. 121 male and 416 female elderly who were all over 60 years of age were had participated in Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for BMD and bioimpedance analysis for body composition. The relationships of BMD and body weight, waist circumference, body composition variables were analyzed. Results: In elderly, BMD was higher as body mass index, and lean body mass had more significant correlation with BMD than body fat. After adjusting for age, life style, weight and height, waist circumference was negatively related to BMD in man. In women, lean body mass and muscle mass were positively, waist circumference and fat mass were negatively related to BMD. Limb muscle mass was more correlated with BMD than trunk muscle mass. Conclusion: Lean body mass among body composition, seems to have a greater influence on BMD than fat mass in elderly. Waist circumference as a visceral fat index showed negative effect on bone mass. Therefore, it is considered necessary for the elderly to increase the muscle mass through exercises and to keep desirable body shape for the increasing BMD.

초등학생의 교내 활동유형 및 체육수업 흥미도와 체력 및 신체조성의 관계

정홍용(Jung, Hong-Yong) 한국체육과학회 2012 한국체육과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of school activity types and physical education interest on physical fitness and body composition in elementary students. To achieve this purpose, 557 5th and 6th grade students in D Elementary School, located in Y City, Jeollanam-do, were measured in school activity types, physical education interest, Physical fitness, and body composition. Also, independent analysis t-test and two-way ANOVA were conducted for effective data analysis using SPSS 15.0. Finally, the following conclusion was drawn. First, the presence of physical activity and difference in physical fitness and body composition according to sex was analyzed. As a result, grip strength, sit-ups, % body fat, and BMI were different in physical activity according to sex and significant results were derived in the group of physical experience. For after school hours, the 1000m race(p<.05) and BMI(p<.05) had correlation with physical activity and sex. Second, the presence of physical activity and difference in physical fitness and body composition according to grade was analyzed. As a result, standing long jump, grip strength, sit-ups, the 1,000-meter race, and % body fat were different in physical activity according to grade and significant results were derived in the group of physical experience. For intermission, the 1000-meter race(p<.05) was correlated with physical activity and grade. Third, difference in physical fitness and body composition according to physical activity interest and sex was analyzed. As a result, standing long jump and the 1000-meter race showed difference in physical education interest according to sex. Significant results were derived in the group of high physical education interest. Finally, difference in physical fitness and body composition according to physical activity interest and grade was analyzed. As a result, standing long jump, the 1000-meter race, and % body fat showed difference in physical education interest according to grade, Significant results were derived in the group of high physical education interest. Also, % body fat(p<.05) and BMI(p<.05) had correlation with physical education interest and grade.

꿈나무 국가대표 육상선수들의 단거리, 중장거리 종목에 따른 신체 조성 분석

김현철 ( Hyun-chul Kim ),박기준 ( Ki-jun Park ) 대한물리의학회 2021 대한물리의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

PURPOSE: This study compared the body composition according to the sport of short-distance and middle & long-distance athletes to identify the factors that affect the body composition. METHODS: Forty-eight athletes selected as youth national athletes in 2019 participated in the study. The study participants measured the length of the lower extremities, body composition, and anaerobic ability. An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare the body composition according to the event. In addition, the Pearson correlation was performed to identify the factors that influence the body composition. RESULTS: The leg length of the Short and Middle & long-distance athletes were similar (p = .584). On the other hand, there were differences in the body fat percentage (p = .001), lean percentage (p = .001), and BMI (p = .001). In addition, the body fat percentage was correlated with the lean body mass (r = .419) and BMI (r = .447). Furthermore, the lean body mass was correlated with the BMI (r = .849) and the peak power (r = .662) and mean power (r = .686) of the anaerobic capacity. Moreover, the BMI was correlated with the peak power (r = .490) and mean power (r = .543) of the anaerobic capacity. The peak power of the anaerobic ability was correlated with the mean power (r = .931). CONCLUSION: The body composition differed according to the sport. The body fat percentage correlated with the lean body mass and the BMI. The lean body mass correlated with the BMI, peak power of anaerobic ability, and mean power. The BMI correlated with the anaerobic capacity.