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Yanxin Wei,Jinpeng Lu,Xiongzi Dong,Jianwen Hao,Chengli Yao 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.10
The process of coagulation-flocculation is increasingly applied in wastewater treatment. And the polymerized inorganic coagulants are widely used among these coagulation-flocculation processes. However, conventional coagulants using sulfates or chlorides as counter anion may give rise to corrosion. The purpose of this study was to synthesize PFC coagulants in which acetate is used as counter anion. The influences on the preparation of PFC were optimized. The synthesis was done at the optimum conditions, such as temperature of 60 oC, the Fe/CH3COOH molar ratio of 1 : 4.0 and reaction time of 6 h, respectively. The prepared PFC coagulants were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PFC was found to mainly form complexation polymeric species and present more cluster and lamellar structure. A series of jar tests were carried out to study the coagulation performance of PFC and PFS in phosphate-kaolin synthetic water treatment. Results showed that the coagulation performance of PFC was more efficient than PFS’s in terms of the phosphorus removal efficiency and the residual turbidity. Due to using acetate as counter anion to iron, PFC is less harmful to the processes of water treatment and equipment than that of the conventional coagulants applied chlorides or sulfates. Therefore, PFC is a promising coagulant in the process of corrosion sensitive applications and the process of wastewater containing phosphorus treatment.
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인구구조와 직․간접 주식투자 간 관계 분석: 노년세대를 중심으로
임소연,김세완,Yanxin Lu,김영민 한국금융학회 2022 금융연구 Vol.36 No.1
최근 주식투자 인구가 확대되고 있어 투자자에 대한 이해가 중요해지고 있다. 본 연구는 주식투자자를 직접과 간접 투자자로 구분하고 이들 수요에 세대별 인구구조가 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 주요 분석 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 세대별 인구구조가 직․간접 주식투자 수요에 미치는 영향이 상이하게 나타났다. 특히 노년 세대 규모는 직접 주식투자 수요에 양(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 이는 생애주기 가설과 달리 직접 주식투자에 대한 노년 세대의 수요가 있음을 의미한다. 둘째, 노년 세대의 시작연령을 60세에서 75세까지 1세씩 상향하여 분석한 결과, ‘73세 이상’의 노년 세대까지 직접 주식투자에 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 60~73세의 인구의 직접 주식투자에 대한 수요가 지속됨을 의미한다. 반면, 간접 주식투자 수요에는 세대별 인구비중이 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 셋째, 노년 세대와 기대수명 증가율의 ‘상호변수(interaction variable)’는 직접 주식투자 수요에 유의하게 음(-)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기대수명 증가에 따른 장수위험(longevity risk) 등으로 노년 세대의 직접 주식투자에 대한 수요가 감소하는 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 노년 세대의 직접 및 간접 투자에 대한 이해도를 제고하였다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 타겟데이트펀드(Target Date Fund) 등 금융상품의 설계에서도 활용될 수 있다.
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Zhende Zhu,Wenbin Lu,Yanxin He,Xiangcheng Que 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.7
In view of the typical anisotropy of columnar jointed basalt in the dam area of the Baihetan Hydropower Station on the Jinsha River in China, columnar jointed rock mass models with different column angles (α = 0o − 90o) were constructed with similar materials, and three sets of intermittent joints are considered in the physical models. Uniaxial and equal-confining-pressure triaxial compression tests were carried out with a true triaxial testing machine, and the variations of the failure mechanisms, stress-strain relationships, and strength characteristics of the columnar jointed rock masses with the joint inclination angle were investigated under different stress conditions. The results revealed the following: 1) during triaxial compression, two types of stress-strain curves existed, namely the ideal plastic curve and the strain-hardening curve; 2) the strength and elastic modulus of the sample under uniaxial compression presented U-shaped curves with the variation of α. Moreover, the strength of the samples increased with the change of α under triaxial compression, and the elastic modulus Erincreased significantly with the increase of the confining pressure. 3) There were four typical types of failure within the columnar joint samples under triaxial compression. In addition, the test data were used to verify that the Mogi strength criterion good applicability to the columnar jointed rock mass under three-dimensional stress. An empirical prediction model of the relationship between the elastic modulus and confining pressure of the columnar jointed rock mass was established, and its applicable conditions were analyzed. The empirical prediction model is verified by the test results of the columnar jointed rock mass, which indicates that the prediction model was in good agreement with the test data. Finally, the strength characteristics and failure modes of columnar jointed rock masses under different loading conditions were summarized.
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