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Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells
Yang, Kyu-Ho,Mo, Hyun-Chul,Choi, Nam-Ki,Kim, Seon-Mi,Kim,Won-Jae 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.33 No.1
Neuronal apoptotic events, consequently resulting in neuronal cell death, are occurred in hypoxic/ischemic condition. This cell death has been shown to be accompanied with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can attack cellular components such as nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipid. However, the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis induced in hypoxic/ischemic condition and its treatment methods are unsettled. Cobalt chloride (CoCl_(2)) has been known to mimic hypoxic condition including the production of ROS. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). a green tea polyphenol, has diverse pharmacologial activities in cell growth and death. This study was aimed to investigate the apoptotic mechanism by CoCl_(2) and effects of EGCG on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Administration of CoCl_(2) decreased cell survival in dose- and time-dependent manners and induced genomic DNA fragmentation. Treatment with 100 µM EGCG for 30 min before PC12 cells were exposed to 150 µM CoCl_(2), being resulted in the cell viability and DNA fragmentation being rescued. CoCl_(2) caused morphologic changes such as cell swelling and condensed nuclei, whereas EGCG attenuated morphologic changes by CoCl_(2). EGCG suppressed the apoptotic peak and a loss of Δψ_(m) induced by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) decreased Bcl-2 expression but Bax expression was not changed in CoCl_(2)-treated cells. EGCG attenuated the Bcl-2 underexpression by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) augumented the cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytoplasm and increased caspase-8, -9 and caspase-3 activity, a marker of the apoptotic executing stage. EGCG ameliorated the incruement in caspase-8, -9 and -3 activity, and cytochrome c release by CoCl_(2). NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine), a scavenger of ROS, attenuated CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in consistent with those of EGCG. These results suggest, that CoCl_(2) induces apoptotic cell death through both mitochondria- and death receptor-dependent pathway and EGCG has neuroprotective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. 신경세포자멸사는 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나며 이러한 세포죽은 reactive oxidant species (ROS) 생성을 동반함이 알려져있다. 그러나, 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나는 세포자멸사의 기전 및 그 치료방법은 아직 정립되어 있지 않다. CoCl_(2)는 ROS를 생성하는 등 저산소환경과 유사한 조건을 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)는 녹차의 polyphenol 성분으로서 세포성장과 죽음에 다양한 약리학적 효과를 나타냄이 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사기전을 밝히고 이에 미치는 EGCG의 효과를 조사하는데 목적이 있다. Cell viability는 MTT 측정으로 조사되었고, DNA fragmentation은 DNA laddering으로 조사되었다. Bcl-2와 Bax발현 정도는 RT-PCR로, caspase-3와 -9의 활성은 spectrophotometer, caspase-8의 활성은 flow cytometry에 의해 측정되었다. 미토콘드리아에서 세포질로 분비된 cytochrome c는 western blot으로, 분해된 DNA 양과 미토콘드리아 세포막전위 (Δψ_(m))는 FACScan으로 조사되었다. CoCl_(2)투여로 PC12 세포수는 용량 및 시간 의존형태로 감소하였고, genomic DNA fragmentation이 발생하였다. CoCl_(2)투여로 야기된 cell viability의 감소와 DNA fragmentation은 EGCG 전처치에 의해 억제되었다. CoCl_(2)은 세포용적팽창과 condensed nuclei 같은 형태적 변화를 일으켰으며, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)감소 및 cytochrome c 유리를 야기하였다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포형태변화, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)소실 및 cytochrome c 유리를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 Bcl-2 발현을 감소시켰지만, Bax 발현에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의해 야기된 Bcl-2 발현 감소를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 caspase-3, -8, 그리고 -9의 활성을 증가시켰으며, EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사를 억제시켰다. 본 실험결과는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)가 미토콘드리아 의존 및 death receptor의존 기전으로 세포자멸사를 일으키며, EGCG는 세포자멸사기전을 억세지킴으로 신경보호기능을 가짐을 시사하였다.
홈쇼핑 기업과 소비재 중소기업의 해외 동반진출에 관한 사례연구
정소원(So Won Jeong),양희순(Heesoon Yang),정재은(Jae Eun Chung) 한국경영학회 2017 한국경영학회 통합학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.08
우리나라의 지속적인 경제발전과 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 대기업과 중소기업의 간의 균형 잡힌 발전이 필요하다. 이에 대중소기업간 상생 및 해외 동반진출에 대한 관심이 높으며, 정부에서도 여러 가지 지원정책을 늘리고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내 홈쇼핑 기업과 소비재 중소기업의 해외 동반진출에 관한 인터뷰를 통해 홈쇼핑의 특수성을 고려한 효율적인 유통대기업과 중소기업의 해외 동반진출 확대 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 해외 동반진출을 하고 있는 3개의 홈쇼핑 기업을 대상을 인터뷰를 실시하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 홈쇼핑 기업은 소비재 중소기업의 해외 판로 개척에 도움이 되며, 자원과 역량이 부족한 중소기업에게 경영 및 마케팅 역량을 활용할 수 있게 해준다. 홈쇼핑 기업이 소비재 중소기업을 지원하기 위해 영상을 제작하거나 언어를 번역해주기도 하며, 무역 통관과 관련된 서류를 지원해주기도 한다. 또한 시장개척단을 구성하여 해외시장 정보 제공 등의 지원을 한다. 그렇지만 아직까지는 홈쇼핑 기업에게 해외 동반진출이 주는 실질적인 혜택이 미미하기 때문에 장기적으로 서로 win-win할 수 있는 전략이 필요하다. 이를 위해 해외 동반진출을 독려할 수 있도록 실질적인 혜택을 제공해야 하며, 궁극적으로 CSV 개념을 실천할 수 있도록 해야 한다. There must be a balanced development of both conglomerates and small and mid-sized companies in order to secure constant economic growth and competitive edge of South Korea. Accordingly, high expectations are being placed on win-win growth and joint overseas expansion of conglomerates and small and mid-sized companies. This study seeks efficient ways to promote joint overseas expansion of major retailers and small and mid-sized companies considering the distinctiveness of home shopping by conducting interviews about joint overseas expansion of home shopping companies and small and mid-sized consumer goods companies in South Korea. Home shopping companies contribute to opening up overseas markets for small and mid-sized consumer goods companies, and allows them to make use of business and marketing competencies that they lack. Home shopping companies also produce visual materials or provide language translations, and help draw up documents for customs clearance in trading. They also form market development teams and provide information about the overseas markets. However, since the actual benefits from joint overseas expansion are minor for home shopping companies, there is a need for a strategy for win-win growth of both parties in the long run. To this end, it is necessary to provide substantial benefits to encourage joint overseas expansion and ultimately implement the concept of creating shared value (CSV).
Immunohistochemical detection of LOM strain viral antigens in suckling piglets in Jeju
Jae-Beum Kim(Jae-Beum Kim),Won-Gyu Cho(Won-Gyu Cho),Yun-Ho Kim(Yun-Ho Kim),Hyoung-Nam Jo(Hyoung-Nam Jo),Jae-Sung Heo(Jae-Sung Heo),Myeong-Won Suh(Myeong-Won Suh),Hyoung-Seok Yang(Hyoung-Seok Yang),Wan 한국예방수의학회 2019 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2018 No.-
Tissue distribution of LOM strain viral antigens using immunohistochemistry in weaned pigs in Jeju
Jae-Sung Heo(Jae-Sung Heo),Jae-Beum Kim(Jae-Beum Kim),Yun-Ho Kim(Yun-Ho Kim),Hyoung-Nam Jo(Hyoung-Nam Jo),Won-Gyu Cho(Won-Gyu Cho),Myeong-Won Suh(Myeong-Won Suh),Hyoung-Seok Yang(Hyoung-Seok Yang),Wan 한국예방수의학회 2019 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2018 No.-
Expected Future Market Volume of HTS Equipment in South Korea
Jae-young Yoon,Seung-ryul Lee,B. Yang,SeungYeup Lee,Youngjin Won 한국자기학회 2011 Journal of Magnetics Vol.16 No.2
This paper shows the entire future market volume of the HTS power industry, one of main smart grid equipment, in the case of the final market penetration ratio reaching 100% in the domestic market (South Korea). In this paper, the market penetration ratio is determined using the judgment method, with the market penetration S-curve induced using the Delphi method and the Product Life Cycle from 2011 (supposed launching year, not realistic physical year), to 2050 (expected final target year). This paper analyzes the HTS market penetration ratio of each stage, apparent innovation, early adapters, and the early/late majority and laggard stage, using the S-curve, thus calculating the total future market volume of HTS equipment in the positive sense. Finally, this paper estimates the quantitative analysis results for the HTS4-items (cable, FCL, transformer, rotation machine) of each year within the domestic market.
Requirement Analysis and Architecture Design for Ubiquitous Healthcare Service Systems
Yang, Won-Seob,Hwang, Kyung-Soon,Lee, Keon-Myung,Lee, Kyung-Mi,Kim, Wun-Jae,Yun, Seok-Jung Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2007 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.7 No.3
Various kind of ubiquitous healthcare services have been developed and tried in patient care and health care fields. Due to technical restrictions and not enough application practices, the service systems have been developed somewhat in ad hoc way. This paper describes the requirements for ubiquitous healthcare service systems most of which need to have and presents a ubiquitous healthcare service system architecture with which various ubiquitous healthcare services can be developed. It also introduces an application system for ubiquitous benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patient care which has been developed based on the architecture.
Jae-Jin Lee,Yang-Ki Hong,Seok Bae,Jalli, J.,Abo, G.S.,Won-Mo Seonug,Won-Gi Ahn,Sang-Hoon Park,Chul-Jin Choi,Jung-Goo Lee IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.45 No.10
<P>Ni<SUB>x</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.8-x</SUB>Cu<SUB>0.2</SUB>Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> ferrites with various composition (x = 0.45-0.79) were synthesized by the coprecipitation method for broadband and electromagnetic absorbing characteristics. Saturation magnetization decreased as the Ni content increased, while coercivity was elevated. It was found that calculated reflection loss and fractional bandwidth (FBW) changed with the matching thickness and chemical composition of the ferrite. Minimum reflection loss (RL) of -47.05 dB and FBW of 105% were observed at 1 GHz for Ni<SUB>0.45</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.35</SUB>Cu<SUB>0.2</SUB>Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>, which are competitive to those of conventional ferrite and ferrite rubber composite absorbers.</P>