Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

파킨슨씨병 환자의 전두엽 기능 장애에 관한 연구

홍양의,이애영,김재문 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

심인성 다음다갈증 2예

양창국,최병무,한홍무,김영대,주승재 동아대학교의과대학 1992 동아의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

단일기간 재고품목의 생산/분배계획 문제를 위한 Evolutionary Ant Colony Optimization

홍성철,박양병 한국경영과학회 2003 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.2

일정한 시간이 지나면 제품으로서의 가치가 사라지게 되는 단일기간 재고품목들은 생산된 직후 전량 각 고객들에게 주어진 납기에 맞추어 효율적인 분배가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 고객들은 다수 종류의 제품을 주문할 수 있으며 제품종류별 분리배송을 허용하는 상황에서 생산비, 수송비, 납기위반비, 차량고정비를 최소화하기 위한 생산순서 및 차량경로를 수립함을 목적으로 한다. 이에 대한 해법으로써 진화개미해법을 개발하였다. 개발된 해법의 성능평가를 위해 각 고개의 위치, 주문 제품 종류, 주문량들을 다르게 하여 구축한 실험문제에 대하여 유전알고리듬해법과 비교실험을 수행하였다

한국산 꿩 정세관 상피와 Testosterone, LH 및 FSH 혈청농도의 계절적 변화에 관한연구

양홍현,김인식,이영훈,백영기 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.3

안와내벽의 단독외향골절에서 골절정도와 안구함몰정도와의 관계

진홍률,신시옥,추무진,최영석,양상권,김종욱 대한이비인후과학회 1998 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.41 No.5

민족주의 「이데올로기」와 新生國

洪亮杓 慶北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

Nationalism is the set of more or less uniform demands which people in a society share, which arise from their patriotism, for which justifications exist and can be readily expressed, which include them to make personal sacrifices in behalf of their government's aims, and which may or may not lead to appropriate action. Partriotism is the more or less conscious conviction of a person that his own welfare and that of the significant groups to which he belongs are dependant upon the preservation or expansion (or both) of the power and culture of his society. Nationalistic ideology has the three functions: statism, institutional and cultural identity. It has been developed for almost 3 centuries: from 17 century of establishing of national state and church, thru 18 century of bourgeois revolution, to present mass society. However non-Western society has developed it almost after World War Ⅱ, and then it has troubled by the lack of the elements for developing nationalism such as no economic middle class or stability, no leading forces to push it, no cultural homogeneity and sound democratic foundations, and etc, and also Marxist infiltration adds the troubles to it. We need give our best efforts to following problems in order to develope desirable nationalism for International Peace with each nation's cultural progress: good harmony between generic and specific factors in nationalism, nationalistic role for pressing to development, xenophobia of ex-colonies towards the Western, developing international organizations such as U.N., scientific and technological development, and development in democracy and reason. Particularly, reason, science and democracy are closely related one another, and cannot be developed alone.

소련外交政策의 諸變數와 變遷

洪亮杓 慶北大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.25-26 No.-

Foreign policy factors of USSR can be devided into internal and external ones. The author dealt, as the former, ideology, economy, military strength, power structure and governing way, and, as the latter factors, Soviet's international relations with Western Europe, Eastern Europe, the US, Afriea and the Middle east, and Asia. Soviet has experienced three turning elements of policy in its history: Zwar's Tradition, Marxist-Leninist Revolution and Current De-Stalinization. Military expansionism, Imperialism repression of dissidents and external communist satellites, and bureaucracy are all stemmed from Zwar's tradition. However, since Stalin's death, the USSR has heen transforming from ideological radicalism and terrorism to deradicalism, reduction of political terror, and rationalization of party control. As external relations, it has showed peaceful coexistence, SALT and Helshinhsi Conference, and in same time showed military intervention though indirectly. It is really hard to say whether it wishes, as a final goal, true peace and the end of ideology-struggle or communizing the world in future. However, the author can definitly say that the USSR is changing, transforming and going toward 'the end of ideology' and liberalization.

中共政治文化의 兩面性 : 革命 對 逆革命 急進 對 穩健 Revolution to Counterrevolution, and Radicalism to Moderatism

洪亮杓 慶北大學校 東洋文化硏究所 1978 東洋文化硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Political culture of People's Republic of China (PRC) can be explained as struggle or conflict between two elements: revolution (Cultural Revolution) and counterrevolution (Counter C.R.), and radicalism and moderatism. The Cultural Revolution occured with the background and reason of ideological reorganization of people, precedence of politics to business, the critics of Sun Nipang, May-7-Directives by Mao, and the consolidation of Mao's power. Above all Cultural Revolutionalists challenged Chinese and even World's traditions. They opposed all the old values of culture, and the China was in danger of breaking with the past. The process of Revolution was an expression of insanity. After the savage turmoil, Chinese politics has turned to Counter-Revolution such as precedence of industrialization, material incentives, "distribution according to work", income gap, and etc. The struggle between Revolutionalists and Counterrevolutionalists was turned out to be that of radicalism and moderatism. The former's polctical ideology is literal Maoism, continuity of revolution, voluntarism, non-compromising with reality, antiauthority, precedence of class-struggle, economic egalitarianism, and etc, and the latter's one is classical Marxism, historical determination, emphasizing objective conditions, precedence of modernization to ideology, elitism, preference of social stability (comparing with the radicalists' social disorder for the Revolution), economic efficiency, economic inequality to a certain extent and etc. The triumph of the moderatism over the radicalism with the fall of Gang of Four is any how more desirable than the latter's win. For the moderates' means and politics are relatively nonviolent and friendly to foreign country and Capitalism.

濟州地域 大學生의 營養實態 調査硏究

洪陽子 제주대학교 1983 논문집 Vol.16 No.-

가. 男ㆍ女學生群의 平均身長은 각각 169.7cm와 158.1cm, 平均體重은 59.6kg과 49.9kg으로 나타났다. 被調査者의 34.8%가 自炊를 하고 있으며, 도시락을 持參하는 學生은 16.9%에 불과하고, 女學生群의 22.7%가 間食으로 점심을 대신하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 營養ㆍ健康에 대한 知識이나 情報를 주로 新聞 및 雜誌에서 얻는 學生이 48.5%이며, 被調査者의 42.9%만이 자신이 健康하다고 여기고 있는데, 특히 男學生들인 경우에 女學生들보다도 그 比率이 낮았다. 나. 營養에 대한 知識은 兩性群間에 有意的인 隔差를 보였는데, 女學生들이 男學生들보다 월등하게 높아서, 平均評点인 경우에 女學生이 17滿点에 13.28인데 비하여, 男學生은 7.56에 불과하였다. 다. 食習慣은 男ㆍ女學生群 모두가 좋지 않은 편으로, '優秀'에 해당하는 學生은 단지 1.5%일 뿐인데 비하여, '不良'쪽은 무려 50%에 가까왔다. 라. 營養素攝取에 있어서는, 男ㆍ女學生群 양쪽다 충분히 攝取하고 있는 것은 비타민A, 비타민B₁, 그리고 비타민C였으며, 철분은 男學生群에서는 勸裝量을 充足시키고 있지만 女學生들인 경우에 未達로 나타났다. 그리고 그 밖의 모든 營養素 攝取에서 兩性群 다 같이 勸裝量 未達을 보였는데, 특히 未洽한 것은 男學生들인 경우에는 비타민 B₂와 熱量의 攝取로서 勸裝量의 66.1%와 73.8%, 女學生들인 경우에는 철분과 칼슘으로서 58.8%와 77.0% 수준에 머물고 있다. 마. 男ㆍ女學生別에 따른 食習慣, 그리고 居住狀況에 따른 營養素攝取狀態에는 有意的인 差異를 보이지 않고 있으나, 食習慣이 좋고 나쁨에 따라서는 단백질, 칼슘, 철분, 비타민 B₁ 및 나이아신의 營養素攝取狀態에 有意的인 差가 나타나고 있다. 그리고 居住狀況別에 따른 食習慣에도 有意的인 差異가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 自炊하는 學生인 경우에 下宿이나 自宅, 親族집에 사는 學生들보다 食習慣이 좋지 않은 편이다. The present study paper is intended to investigate the nutritional status of college students related to their nutritional knowledge, food habit, nutrient intake and other some characteristics, and then to provide basic data on promoting the nutritional education and care for their health. The survey covered a total 520 college students in both sexes, the male subjects 208 and the female 3129, sampled randomly from 3 higer educational institutions in Jeju province area during the period from October 14-22 in 1982. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. General characteristics 1) 28.8% of the male and 38.8% of the female subjects were the self-boarding students and merely 16.9% of total subjects carried the packed-lunch. 2) 28.1% of the female subjects felt that they are healthy whereas only 14.8% of the male did. 2. Nutritional knowledge and food habit 1) For nutritional knowledge, the level of the male subjects was significantly far lower than that of the female ; The mean score of the male was 7.56 points whereas that of the female 13.28 out of a possible 17. 2) As to food habits, 47.1% of total subjects had those of 'poor' level whereas merely 1.5% were 'excellent'. 3. Nutrients intake 1) Total energy intakes of both male and female subjects were not sufficient as 73.79% and 78.71% of the RDA respectively. 2) Protein intakes of both sexes were below the recommended level as the male group was 87.63% and the female 82.19%. 3) For iron, intake of the male subjects was 125.6% of the RDA whereas that of the female was 10.6mg, that is, only 58.8% of the recommended amount. 4) Calcium intakes of both male and female subjects were considerably lower than the RDA as 84.35% and 77.0% respectively. 5) Out of vitamins, vitamin A, thiamine and ascorbic acid intakes were satisfied whereas the intake of riboflavin was below as 66.06% and 83.43% of the RDA. And for niacin, the intake of the male subjects was not sufficient as 80.3% of the RDA, but that of the female was sufficient. 4. The relationships of each characteristics 1) Correlation between the sex of the subjects and their nutritional knowledge level revealed the statistical significancy(P<.01). 2) Correlation between the present residence status of the subjects and their food habit score revealed the statistical significancy(P<.01). 3) Correlation between the food habit of the subjects and their intake of some nutrients like protein, calcium, iron, thiamine and niacin revealed the statistical significancy(P<.05).