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Tae‑Woon Hong,Sang‑In Lee,Jae‑Hyeok Shim,Myoung‑Gyu Lee,Joonho Lee,Byoungchul Hwang 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10
An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict the tensile properties as a function of alloying elementand microstructural factor of ferrite-pearlite steels. The input parameters of the model were composed of alloying elements(Mn, Si, Al, Nb, Ti, and V) and microstructural factors (pearlite fraction, ferrite grain size, interlamellar spacing, and cementitethickness), while the output parameters of the model were yield strength and tensile strength. Although the ferrite-pearlitesteels have complex relationships among the alloying elements, microstructural factors, and tensile properties, the ANNmodel predictions were found to be more accurate with experimental results than the existing equation model. In the presentstudy the individual effect of input parameters on the tensile properties was quantitatively estimated with the help of theaverage index of the relative importance for alloying elements as well as microstructural factors. The ANN model attemptedfrom the metallurgical points of view is expected to be useful for designing new steels having required mechanical properties.
Cytokine and Tumor Environments
Jin Tae Hong1*, Ju Kyung Song, Sun Mi Kwon, Byung Woo Ahn, Youngsoo Kim, Sang Bae Han 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1
Cytokines are known to function as regulatory molecules that can be produced by virtually every nucleated cell type in the body, including lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and many others. Cytokines include lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines), monocyte-derived factors (monokines), hematopoietic factors (colony-stimulating factors), connective tissue/growth factors, and chemotactic chemokines. Cytokines released in response to infection can affect tumor development in different ways. When exposed to infectious agents, cytokines are secreted by sentinel cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. These cytokines include interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as others, such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18. When released in sufficient quantities, these molecules can cause inflammation. Chronic inflammation is highly associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. In this article, we review the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor development.
삼나무 (杉) 내한성 (耐寒性) 품종 선발에 관한 연구
홍성각,조태환,황증 ( Sung Gak Hong,Tae Hwan Cho,Jeung Hwang ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.51 No.1
This study was designed to know difference in degree of dehardening and rehardening respectively by artificial high and low temperature treatments among different clonal seedlings and seedlings from different seed sources of Cryptomeria japonica which have been grown under the cold areas in Japan and Korea. High temperature treatment was done with 15 to 20℃ under 100% relative humidity for one to nine days and low temperature treatment was carried with -7℃ for one to three days. Occasionaly, high temperature treatment was combined and followed by low temperature treatment. The ability of stem section to delay dehardening by high temperature treatment and/or to hasten rehardening by low temperature treatment was used as an indicator of adaptability under extreme temperature fluctuation in nature. Clones and seedlings from different seed sources which showed greater freezing resistance than others after artificial high and/or low temperature treatments were selected over two to three time periods: early winter, mid winter and early spring in 1977 to 1980. These were Seoul #7, and #9, Namboo #3, and #4, Sung-Kang #11, Chung-Sam #8 and Huek-Suk #9. These selected seedlings might have survival advantage to withstand early and late frost damage, especially the critical frost damage of the basal stem, since it was known to be induced by lowering freezing resistance of the basal part when exposed to the high temperature near the ground during the day. Large variation in freezing resistance and degree of dehardening and rehardening was found among clonal or seed sources and among individuals within a seed source, but was not related to the difference in climatic conditions where the parent trees was selected. These indicated the possibility of future breeding work for more cold resistant family of Cryptomeria japonica.
21가지 장미꽃 품종의 페놀성 화합물 함량 및 항산화 활성
조연재(Yeon Jae Jo),서정현(Jeong Hyun Seo),홍채영(Chae Young Hong),김성태(Seung Tae Kim),최은경(Ehn-Kyoung Choi),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim),이준수(Junsoo Lee),정헌상(Heon Sang Jeong) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.4
본 연구는 21품종의 장미꽃에 대한 식품 및 화장품 원료로 사용 가능성을 살펴보기 위해 페놀성 화합물과 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 및 타닌 함량은 러버샤이 품종에서 각각 379.70 mg GAE/extract g, 50.10 mg CE/extract g 및 339.44 mg TAE/extract g으로 높게 나타났으며, 칠백리 품종에서 각각 107.25 mg GAE/extract g, 9.46 mg CE/extract g 및 36.31 mg TAE/extract g으로 낮았다. 페놀산 함량은 총 폴리페놀 함량과 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 러버샤이 품종에서 27.40 mg/extract g으로 높았다. 안토시아닌은 대부분 cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside로 확인되었으며 총 안토시아닌 함량은 유니나 품종에서 8.80 mg/extract g으로 가장 높았다. ABTS 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 각각 428.10 및 419.59 mg AAE/extract g로 러버샤이 품종에서 가장 높았으며, 항산화 활성과 페놀 화합물의 함량과 높은 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 러버샤이와 같은 항산화 활성이 뛰어난 품종들이 관상 목적뿐만 아니라 높은 기능성을 가진 식품 및 화장품의 원료로 사용 가능성이 있다고 판단된다. This study evaluated the functional components and antioxidant activities of 21 different rose flower extracts, to confirm their value as a food and cosmetics ingredient. The highest values of total polyphenol, flavonoid and tannin contents (379.70±1.64 mg GAE/extract g, 50.10±0.76 mg CE/extract g, and 339.44±1.20 mg TAE/extract g, respectively) were obtained in Lover Shy. The proanthocyanidin content ranged from 61.88 mg CE/extract g in the Unina cultivar to 5.34±0.13 mg CE/extract g in the Aileen cultivar. The phenolic acid content obtained was highest in the Lover Shy cultivar (27.40±0.26 mg/extract g), whereas highest levels of anthocyanin (8.83±0.03 mg/extract g) were obtained in the Unina cultivar. High ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities were determined in the Lover Shy cultivar (428.10±0.29 and 419.59±3.12 mg AAE/extract g, respectively). Taken together, these results indicate that the antioxidant activity and functional components of Lover Shy cultivar are superior, and this extract can potentially be applied as a food and cosmetic ingredient.
Flavored candy drops can improve the patient’s compliance when taking PEG solution for colonoscopy
( Sang Hyun Kim ),( In Kyung Yoo ),( Hyuk Soon Choi ),( Eun Sun Kim ),( Bora Keum ),( Yoon Tae Jeen ),( Hoon Jai Chun ),( Hong Sik Lee ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Background and Aims: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) based solution has been widely used for bowel cleansing before colonoscopy. The main disadvantages of this preparation were its large volume and poor palatability. Recently, PEG with ascorbic acid was developed for low-volume and better taste. However, this method still requires moderate amount of volume and has brought just a little taste improvement. We aimed to investigate whether adding various kinds of flavored candy drops can improve the pateints’ compliance and the quality of bowel cleansing when taking 4-L, split-dose, PEG with ascorbic acid solution for colonoscopy. Methods: Single center, randomized study was performed during May to November 2014. A total of 120 patients were prospectively enrolled. The patients were classified into 3 groups. (40 control group, 40 menthol candy group, and 40 cherry flavored candy group.) All patients received colonoscopy using split-dose PEG ascorbic acid preparation method. In the candy drops added group, patients were provided 10 candy drops and instructed to suck on a candy while drinking the split-dose PEG solution. To investigate the compliance and palatability, a questionnaire was performed before colonoscopy. Quality of preparation, remaining unconsumed volume, and side effects were also investigated. Results: The mean palatability score and patient compliance were significantly better in both candy drops users versus controls. Patients with cherry candies complained of fewer side effects such as nausea or abdominal fullness than the menthol group. Quality of colon preparation was also significantly better in the both flavored candy groups than the controls. Cherry candy group achieved the best preparation quality. Conclusions: Flavored candy drops can improve the taste and patient’s compliance when taking PEG solution, and are associated with better bowel cleansing. It seems taking flavored candy drops based on a patient’s preference when taking PEG solution is a safe and easy method to enhance the quality of bowel preparation.
( Sang-su Kim ),( Cheol Hong Kim ),( Ji Wook Kim ),( Hsi Chiang Kung ),( Tae Woo Park ),( Yu Som Shin ),( Ju Deok Kim ),( Siejeong Ryu ),( Wang-joon Kim ),( Yung Hyun Choi ),( Kyoung Seob Song ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2017 BMB Reports Vol.50 No.10
CLB<sub>2.0</sub>, a constituent of PM, induces secretion of multiple cytokines and chemokines that regulate airway inflammation. Specifically, IL-6 upregulates CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced MUC5AC and MUC1 expression. Interestingly, of the tight junction proteins examined, claudin-1 expression was inhibited by CLB<sub>2.0</sub>. While the overexpression of claudin-1 decreased CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced MUC5AC expression, it increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory mucin, MUC1. CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced IL-6 secretion was mediated by ROS. The ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine inhibited CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced IL-6 secretion, thereby decreasing the CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced MUC5AC expression, whereas CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced MUC1 expression increased. CLB<sub>2.0</sub> activated the ERK1/2 MAPK via a ROS-dependent pathway. ERK1/2 downregulated the claudin-1 and MUC1 expressions, whereas it dramatically increased CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced MUC5AC expression. These findings suggest that CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced ERK1/2 activation acts as a switch for regulating inflammatory conditions though a ROS-dependent pathway. Our data also suggest that secreted IL-6 regulates CLB<sub>2.0</sub>-induced MUC5AC and MUC1 expression via ROS-mediated downregulation of claudin-1 expression to maintain mucus homeostasis in the airway. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(10): 516-521]