<SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET-CT에서 진단된 갑상선 우연종의 악성종양 발견율 및 특징

이강영,고건<SUP>1<.SUP>,김선국<SUP>1<.SUP>,고진철<SUP>1<.SUP>,김행수,최상용,박신희,박용휘<SUP>2<.SUP>,Kang Young Rhee,Gun Koh,<SUP>1<.SUP>,Sun Kuk Kim,<SUP>1<.SUP>,Jin Chul Koh,<SUP>1<.SUP>,Haeng Soo Kim,Sang Yong Choi,Shin 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2008 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.8 No.1

<B>Purpose: </B>PET-CT is often used to differentiate benign or malignant thyroid incidentalomas. In this retrospective study, we evaluated whether the <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake pattern and PET-CT findings improved accuracy over the standardized uptake value (SUV). <B>Methods:</B> <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET-CT was performed on 2,178 subjects from August, 2004, to October, 2007, in Sung-ae Hospital. PET-CT was performed on 806 patients (37%) with suspected or known nonthyroidal cancer and 1,372 healthy subjects (63%) without a previous history of cancer. We investigated the clinical characteristics of patients, history, standardized uptake value (SUV), ultrasonography, and hormone levels in blood. Thyroidal cancer was confirmed by ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration and pathology after thyroid operation. <B>Results:</B> The prevalence of focal thyroid lesions on PET-CT was 8.8% (191/2178). Thyroid cancer confirmation was 7.9% (15/191). The maximum SUV of malignant thyroid lesions were significantly higher than that of benign lesions (7.00±3.08 vs. 4.49±1.84, P<0.001). <B>Conclusion:</B> PET-CT image interpretation that includes 18F-FDG uptake and SUV is better than PET-CT alone for differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Thyroid cancer risk increases as SUVmax levels increase. <B>(Ko</B><B></B><B>rean J Endocrine Surg 2008;8:38-42)</B>

갑상선 수술 후 음성 변화

홍종철,이형신<SUP>1<.SUP>,김성원<SUP>2<.SUP>,이강대<SUP>2<.SUP>,Jong-Chul Hong,Hyoung-Shin Lee,M.D.<SUP>1<.SUP>,Sung- Won Kim,M.D.<SUP>2<.SUP> and Kang-Dae Lee,M.D.<SUP>2<.SUP> 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2011 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.11 No.3

Purpose: Vocal symptoms have been reported after thyroidectomy and even in the absence of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve or the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the subjective and objective voice changes in patients without laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy. Methods: The subjects had undergone total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma from November 2007 to December 2008. Twenty-eight subjects (males: 8, females: 20) were selected for this study. Voice analysis was prospectively evaluated in the subjects at the time of preoperation and postoperation (10.8 months for the males and 11.7 months for the females). A subjective analysis was done using the visual analogue scale (VAS, 0: no symptom, 10: severe symptoms) and objective analyses were determined by several parameters such as the fundamental frequency (Fo), jitter, shimmer and the noise to harmonic ratio (NHR) using the multi-dimensional voice program. Maximum phonation time (MPT)was performed as an aerodynamic test. Results: 3 patients (37.5%) among the males and 14 patients (70%) among the females had subjective postoperative voice change. The VAS showed a significant difference for the females (0 to 1.25±0.97, P<0.001), whereas no changes were shown for the males (0 to 0.88±1.25, P>0.05). The vocal parameters (Fo, jitter, shimmer, NHR) and MPT showed no significant changes for both the males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion: Subjective voice changes may occur after thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury. Surgeons should take possible voice changes into consideration when informing patients before thyroidectomy. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2011;11:175-178)

외과 의사에 의해 시행된 갑상선 결절의 악성 종양을 시사하는 초음파 소견의 분석

고건,고진철<SUP>1<,SUP>,최상용,박신희,이광찬<SUP>1<,SUP>,김진승<SUP>1<,SUP>,Gun Go,M,D,Jin Chul Koh,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Sang Yong Choi,M,D,Shin Hee Park,M,D,Kwang Chan Lee,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP> and Chin Seung Kim,M,D,<SUP>1< 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2010 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.10 No.4

Purpose: Ultrasound is most effective study for evaluating thyroid nodules. In this review, we discuss that sonographic findings to differentiate benign from malignant nodules and suggest recommendations for indications of fine needle aspiration biopsy and thyroid nodule management. Methods: Sonographic scans of 206 thyroid nodules in 164 patients were candidated for this study. We evaluated sonographic findings by shape, calcification, margin, and echogenicity, retrospectively. Sonographic findings that suggested malignancy included microcalcifications, a speculated margin, marked hypoechogenicity and a shape that was taller than wide. The final diagnosis of lesion as benign (n=180) or malignant (n=26) was confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy and follow-up (>6 months). We demonstrated the difference of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy. Results: Of 206 thyroid nodules, 26 were malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy based on our sonographic classification method were 84.6%, 73.9%, 31.9%, 97.0% and 75.2%. Conclusion: Sonography can be helpful for making the differentiation between and malignant nodules. So, when well trained surgeon find thyroid nodules on sonography, we can make correct diagnosis of malignant nodules. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2010;10:224-228)

Development of a Theranostic Convergence Bioradiopharmaceutical for Immuno-PET Based Radioimmunotherapy of L1CAM in Cholangiocarcinoma Model

Song, In Ho,Jeong, Mun Sik,Hong, Hyo Jeong,Shin, Jong Il,Park, Yong Serk,Woo, Sang-Keun,Moon, Byung Seok,Kim, Kwang Il,Lee, Yong Jin,Kang, Joo Hyun,Lee, Tae Sup American Association for Cancer Research 2019 Clinical Cancer Research Vol.25 No.20

<P><B>Purpose:</B></P><P>Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy of bile duct with a poor prognosis. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally ineffective, and surgical resection is the only curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma. L1-cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been known as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of immuno-PET imaging–based radioimmunotherapy using radiolabeled anti-L1CAM antibody in cholangiocarcinoma xenograft model.</P><P><B>Experimental Design:</B></P><P>We prepared a theranostic convergence bioradiopharmaceutical using chimeric anti-L1CAM antibody (cA10-A3) conjugated with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) chelator and labeled with <SUP>64</SUP>Cu or <SUP>177</SUP>Lu and evaluated the immuno-PET or SPECT/CT imaging and biodistribution with <SUP>64</SUP>Cu-/<SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 in various cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. Therapeutic efficacy and response monitoring were performed by <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 and <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG-PET, respectively, and immunohistochemistry was done by TUNEL and Ki-67.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Radiolabeled cA10-A3 antibodies specifically recognized L1CAM <I>in vitro</I>, clearly visualized cholangiocarcinoma tumors in immuno-PET and SPECT/CT imaging, and differentiated the L1CAM expression level in cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 (12.95 MBq/100 μg) showed statistically significant reduction in tumor volumes (<I>P</I> < 0.05) and decreased glucose metabolism (<I>P</I> < 0.01). IHC analysis revealed <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 treatment increased TUNEL-positive and decreased Ki-67-positive cells, compared with saline, cA10-A3, or <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-isotype.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Anti-L1CAM immuno-PET imaging using <SUP>64</SUP>Cu-cA10-A3 could be translated into the clinic for characterizing the pharmacokinetics and selecting appropriate patients for radioimmunotherapy. Radioimmunotherapy using <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 may provide survival benefit in L1CAM-expressing cholangiocarcinoma tumor. Theranostic convergence bioradiopharmaceutical strategy would be applied as imaging biomarker-based personalized medicine in L1CAM-expressing patients with cholangiocarcinoma.</P>

폴리비닐클로라이드 해양광생물반응기와 고밀도 폴리에틸렌 해양광생물반응기에서 미세조류, Tetraselmis sp. KCTC12236BP의 생산성 비교

정성균(Seung-Gyun Jung),김수권(Su-Kwon Kim),변문섭(Moon-Sup Bun),조용희(Yonghee Cho),신동우(Dong-Woo Shin),김지훈(Z-Hun Kim),임상민(Sang-Min Lim),이철균(Choul-Gyun Lee) 한국해양바이오학회 2016 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.8 No.1

It is important to design photobioreactor by cheap material for economical microalgal biomass production. In this study, two types of marine photobioreactors (MPBR), made by either polyvinyl chloride (MPBR-PVC) or high density poly ethylene (MPBR-HDPE), are used and performance of these were compared. Tetraselmis sp. KCTC 12236BP is a green marine alga that isolated from Ganghwa Island, Korea, and the strain was used for marine cultivations using MPBR-PVC and MPBR-HDPE. The cultivations were performed three times in the spring season of 2012 using MPBR-PVC and of 2013 using MPBR-HDPE in the coastal area of Young Heung Island. As the results, MPBR-PVC shows higher biomass productivities than MPBR-HDPE, due to its high light transmittance. In the cultivations using MPBR-PVC, the average sea water temperature was 11.5°C during the first experiment and 16.5°C during the second and third experiments. Average light intensities during three times for experiments were 407.5, 268.1 and 273.0 μ·E·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The maximum fresh cell weight and average biomass productivity were 1.2 g·L<SUP>-1</SUP> and 0.12 g·L<SUP>-1</SUP>·day<SUP>-1</SUP>. These results showed that Tetraselmis sp. KCTC12236BP were adapted well with the environmental conditions from ocean, and grow in the MPBR-PVC and MPBR-HDPE.

Incorporation and Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Injured Athymic Nude Mouse Retina

( Sang Joon Lee ),( Hee Kyung Chang ),( Shin Dong Kim ),( Young Il Yang ),( Boo Sup Oum ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4

The incorporation and differentiation of hASCs(human adipose derived stem cells) injecting into the damaged retina of athymic nude mice were evaluated in this study. hASCs were isolated and cultured for grafting. Retinotomy(n=5) and photocoagulation(n=5) was performed to the retina of the nude mice. Before injection, hASCs were labeled with green fluorescence. Guided by an operating microscope, hASCs(2×10(5)/1.5 ?L) were injected into the vitreous through pars plana. Three weeks after injection, the mice were sacrificed. The retina specimens were stained with anti-GFAP, antirhodopsin, anticalbindin, and antivimentin antibodies. Grafted cells expressing green fluorescence were observed in the whole-mount retina and cryosection. Transplanted hASCs were present along the ILM or integrated into the nerve fiber layer, retinal ganglion layer, inner or outer nuclear layer, and subretinal layer on the transverse section. Some of the injected cells expressed GFAP, calbindin, vimentin, or rhodopsin indicating that they were incorporated hASCs which had differentiated into the retinal cells. Intravitreous injection of hASCs in the athymic nude mice induces hASCs integration and differentiation in the damaged retina.

Mucinous Rectal Cancer: Effectiveness of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Prognosis

Shin, Ui Sup,Yu, Chang Sik,Kim, Jong Hoon,Kim, Tae Won,Lim, Seok-Byoung,Yoon, Sang Nam,Yoon, Yong Sik,Kim, Chan Wook,Kim, Jin Cheon Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2011 Annals of surgical oncology Vol.18 No.8

Feulgen reaction study of novel threadlike structures (Bonghan ducts) on the surfaces of mammalian organs

Shin, Hak-Soo,Johng, Hyeon-Min,Lee, Byung-Cheon,Cho, Sung-Il,Soh, Kyung-Soon,Baik, Ku-Youn,Yoo, Jung-Sun,Soh, Kwang-Sup JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD 2005 ANATOMICAL RECORD PART B THE NEW ANATOMIST Vol.284 No.1

<P>Threadlike structures on the surfaces of internal organs, which are thought to be part of the Bonghan duct system, were first reported about 40 years ago, but have been largely ignored since then. Recently, they were rediscovered, and in this study we discuss the Feulgen reaction that specifically stains DNA in order to identify these structures on the surface of rabbit livers as part of the Bonghan system. The distribution, shapes, and sizes of their nuclei are found to be similar to those of intravascular threadlike structures. The endothelial nuclei are rod-shaped, 10–20 μm long, and aligned in a broken-line striped fashion. The threadlike structure consists of a bundle of several subducts, which is a characteristic feature of Bonghan ducts and distinguishes them morphologically from lymphatic vessels. In addition, the Feulgen reaction clearly demonstrates that the subducts pass through a corpuscle, which is usually irregular or oval-shaped and is connected to two or several threadlike structures that form a web on the surfaces of organs. Furthermore, spherical granules of about 1 μm in diameter are detected in the subducts. These granules were well stained by using the Feulgen reaction, which implies that they contain DNA. According to previous reports, a granule is a type of microcell and plays an essential role in the physiology and therapeutic effect of the Bonghan system and acupuncture. This role has yet to be elucidated. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 284B:35–40, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>

국제사회 ; 한국 핵심고용산업(군)에 관한 연구

( Sang Sup Cho ),( Shin Won Kang ) 국제지역학회 2014 국제지역연구 Vol.18 No.2

경제에서 산업이 고용에 미치는 영향은 산업마다 이질적이다. 한 경제에서 고용창출에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 산업을 핵심고용산업으로 볼 때, 핵심 고용산업의 순차적 선별방법과 네트워크방법을 적용한 핵심고용산업군의 선별은 일반적으로 다른 분석결과를 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 한국 2000년도와 2011년도 산업연관표를 적용하여 고용창출에 대한 핵심 산업과 핵심산업군을 선별하고, 이 분석결과에 대한 산업 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다. 본 분석결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 2000년대에 한국 핵심 고용산업군은 대부분 서비스산업 부문에서 창출되고 있었다. 둘째, 제조업에서 핵심고용창출산업은 IT관련 전기 및 전자산업에서 발생하였다. 셋째, 2000년도 핵심고용산업은 순차적으로 핵심고용산업군을 구성하였으나, 2011년도의 분석에서는 2000년도에 비하여 핵심고용산업이 순차적으로 구성되지 않았다. 넷째, 각 핵심고용산업의 고용창출능력은 상대적으로 감소하였으나, 핵심고용산업군의 고용창출능력은 증대하였다. 마지막으로 복잡화되는 산업네트워크구조를 고려할 때, 한국 고용증대는 산업사이에 순차적 정책시행보다 동시적 정책시행이 중요하며, 산업사이에 효율적 협력체계유지가 매우 중요한 고용정책방향임을 보여준다. Economic impact on employment in the industry varies from industries. The greatest impact on job creation as a key industry of employment was assumed a key employment industry. Sequential screening of key employment industry and applying the network methodology to select a key employment industry cluster are showed generally different analysis results. In this study, the Korean Input-Output Tables for 2000 and 2011 was applied to screening the key industry and the key industry cluster. Results of this analysis are summarized as follows. First, the key employment industry cluster in the 2000s, were being created in the service sector in most. Second, the key employment industries in manufacturing was occurred in the IT-related and electronics industry. Third, in 2000, key employment industry was the key employment industry cluster sequentially. Fourth, employment-generating capacity of key employment industry decreased relatively. Lastly, considering the complicated Industrial network structure, for increased employment policies, simultaneous policy implementation is important rather than sequential policy enforcement between the industries.

별업 하거원(何去園)원림의 전통정원조성기법

( Sang Sup Shin ),( Hyun Wuk Kim ),( Young Kwan Park ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2012 Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landsca Vol.10 No.-

본 연구는 대전광역시 유성구 무수동에 위치한 권이진의 별업 ‘하거원 원림’의 물리적, 의미론적 복원을 위한 기초연구로서, 원림계획 과정을 살펴보고, 어떻게 상징적 가치를 생산했으며, 자연소재들을 원림속에 반영시킨 방법을 파악코자 하였는바, 전통정원조성기법에 대한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째. 하거원 원림의 조성은 3단계를 거쳐 완성하게 되는데, 1단계는 1707∼1708년 사이로 시묘와 유회당 별업을 신축한 때이다. 2단계는 1713년과 1719년에 납오지를 조성하고 「반환원기」를 기술하였으며 삼근정사와 유회당을 재축한 시기이다. 3단계는 1725년 권이진이 경상도 관찰사를 그만두고 낙향하여 하거원을 크게 확충하고, 1727년 「하거원기」를 작성한 원림 완성기이다. 둘째, 하거원은 3개 공간영역으로 구분되는데, 제1영역은 유회당을 중심으로 납오지, 고수대, 오덕대, 도경까지의 유회당 내원 권역(추모와 가학의 전승을 위한 거점영역)이고, 제2영역은 도경에서 8∼9계단을 올라가 조성된 장우담, 요천대, 동쪽의 수만헌과 활수담, 수미폭포로 구성된 별업공간(성리학적 가치와 은일을 위한 수심양성의 장)이다. 그리고 제3영역은 하거원의 동쪽 외원 권역으로 배경대, 몽정, 운와, 축경식 가산으로 구성(선경세계의 이상향을 대입시킨 향유영역)된다. 셋째, 하거원에 도입된 식물은 소나무, 단풍나무, 철쭉, 두견, 홍도, 감나무, 대나무, 버드나무, 석류, 사계화, 산당화, 왜철쭉, 복숭아, 연꽃, 국화, 작약, 모란 등 17종으로, 배식계획의 특징은 시정(詩情)을 통한 낭만성(시간, 촉각, 시각, 음영. 심상 등의 총체적 여흥), 의인화을 통한 상징적 의미와 삶의 이상향을 표출, 사계절(봄과 가을)경색의 고려 등을 들 수 있다. 넷째, 석물은 자연 암석을 그대로 이용하는 기법, 수경요소(활수담, 수미폭포)와 연계시키는 기법, 그리고 석연지와 화계를 이용한 점경물 기법이 활용되었으며, 특히, 상징적 의미경관의 진수를 보여주는 축경식 석가산 기법은 시정을 통한 의경의 극대화, 상고주의를 통한 호문성과 삶의 동질화, 바위, 물, 수목의 절제된 작위행위를 통한 자연 경관의 향유문화 등을 특징으로 추출할 수 있다. 다섯째, 수체계의 특징은 자연계류와 지형조건(동쪽계곡)을 고려한 물의 도입, 3개 공간을 리듬감 있게 연계해주는 기능적 역할(몽정-활수담-수미폭포), 활수담, 몽정, 호수와 복수 등 철학적 의미경관의 대입, 물성을 이용한 청각과 시각(무지개, 물거품 등)등 오감의 일시적 체험 등을 들 수 있다. This study is basic research for physical, semantic recovering of Hageowon garden (by Gwon Yijin 權以鎭) in musu-dong, yuseong-gu, Daejeon. In order to understand how to generate symbolic value and how to reflect natural materials in the garden, this study examines the process of garden planning. The study on the Traditional Landscape Architecture Plan of Hageowon Garden are as follows. First, Creating Hageowon garden was completed through 3 steps. 1 step had implemented between 1707∼1708 when paternity tomb and Byulup, Yuhoidang were newly constructed. When 2 step(1713∼1719), Naboji(納汚池, in 1713) was created, <Banhwonwongi(盤桓園記)> was written, Samgeunjeongsa(三近精舍, in 1707) & Yuhoidang(有懷堂) were rebuilt. 3 step was period of garden completing when Gwon Yijin after resigning a governor to retire to the country. He expanded Hageowon and wrote <Hageowongi(何去園記)> in 1727. Second, Hageowonis devided as 3 sections. The 1 section(to cherish and transmit maltreatment) is inner garden around Yuhoidang reaching to the Naboji(納汚池, in 1713), Gosudae(孤秀臺), Odeokdae(五德臺), Dokyung(桃徑). The 2 section is Byulup garden(別業園林) composed with Jangwoodam(丈藕潭, going up 8 to 9 stairs from Dokyung),Yocheondae(繞千臺), Sumanheon(收漫軒), Hwalsudam(活水潭) and Sumi Waterfall(修眉瀑布) on the east. The 3 sectionis east outer area of Hageowon garden consisting of Baegyeongdae(拜景臺), Mongjeong, Unwa (雲臥), Artificial mountain(enjoyment area that substitute to utopia in fairyland). Third, there are 17 species plants including pine, maple, azalea, royal azalea, peach tree, persimmon tree, pomegranate, four seasons flowers, Japanese azalea, peach, lotus, chrysanthemum, peony root, peony etc. introduced in Hageowon. Fourth, methods using nature rocks as it is, linking water culture factor(Hwalsudam, Sumi Waterfall) and applying Seokyeonji and flower beds are used for stone figures. Especially, the methods of Chukgyeongwon(縮景園), the artificial hill(石假山) are characterized as poetic landscape with ancient literature. Fifth, Characteristics of water system is to experience five senses such as introducing water considering nature mooring and geographical features(valley on the east), functional roles to link three sections(Mongjeong<夢井>-Hwalsudam-Sumi Waterfall) with a sense of rhythm, the methods of substitution to connect Hwalsudam, Mongjung, pond with philosophical meanings, temporary experience five senses by using sense of sight, hearing (rainbow, bubble etc).