Effect of ER signal peptides (KDEL) on expression and function of monoclonal antibody in plant

Da-Young Park,Eun-Yi Oh,Zhe Lu,Yangkang So,Mi-Hyun Ahn,Mira Song,Kyung-Jin Lee,Doo-Byoung Oh,Youngkwan Kim,Kisung Ko 한국당과학회 2009 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.1

Plant genetic engineering led to the production of plant-derived mAb (mAbP), which provides a safe and economically feasible alternative to the current animal expression systems. In this study, the expression level of mAbP SO57 between with and without Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) was compared in transgenic plant. PCR and PT-PCR analyse showed stable gene insertion transcription of heavy and light chain genes of mAbP SO57 with or without KDEL in plant, respectively. We validated expression of mAbP SO57 by western blot. Western blot showed the significantly higher expression level of mAbP SO57 with KDEL compared to without KDEL. Flow cytometry (FACS) analysis showed that the Fc domains of both purified mAbP and mammalian-derived mAb (mAbM) evidenced similar binding activity to the FcγRI receptor (CD64). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysed, glycosylation patterns of mAbP SO57 with or without KDEL. The mAbP SO57 with KDEL had glycan profile with both oligomannose type (47.6%) and golgi type (52.4%), while the mAbP SO57 without KDEL had only golgi type (100%) glycans. Neutralizing analysis with rabies virus CVS-11 showed the similar neutralizing activity between mAbP SO57 with and without KDEL. These results suggest the potential of mAbP SO57 for rabies immunotherapy, regardless of plant specific glycan structures.

은행나무의 잎끝마름병에 미치는 SO2 의 영향

이두형,배공영,박소홍,강연지 한국환경농학회 1999 한국환경농학회지 Vol.18 No.2

대기오염과 병충해발생과의 관계를 규명하고자 은행나무에 SO₂가스를 처리한 후, 잎끝마름병균을 접종하여 식물의 생리·생화학적인 변화를 조사하였다. 0.1㎕/ℓ의 SO₂가스를 하루 8시간씩 7일간 은행나무에 처리한 결과 Chlorosis등의 가시피해는 나타나지 않았으나, 광합성이 대조구에 비해 40%가량 감소되고, CO₂이용효율과 수분이용효율이 감소되는 현상을 보였다. 가스처리 후 병원균을 상처접종시키고 42일 뒤 SI와 SFI의 발병도를 조사한 결과 SI가 SFI에 비해 3배 가량 빠르게 병이 진전되어 있었다. 병원균의 먹이가 되는 당의 함량은 대조구, SFI, SI간에 유의성을 보일 만큼의 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 광합성은 SI가 SFI에 비해 11%가량 저하되었다. 광합성이 저하되었음에도 불구하고 당의 함량이 유지되었으므로 탄소 고정관계를 알아본 결과 CO₂ 이용효율이 저하되지 않았음을 알 수 있었다. 이와 함께 수분이용효율이 SI에서 SFI에 비해 13.2% 증가되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 이온유출량 등으로 보아 SO₂가스처리로 인해 식물이 연약해져 병원균에 대한 저항력이 낮아졌고, 수분이용효율의 증가로 인해 탄소 고정이 활발하게 이루어짐으로써 당이 원활히 합성되는 한편 내부적인 변화로 인해 합성된 당의 전류가 억제되어 잎에 당이 축적되었기 때문에 SI의 발병도가 훨씬 높았던 것으로 생각된다. To examine the relationship between air pollution and occurrence of disease in plants, we investigated the alteration of physiology and biochemistry of Ginkgo biloba by inoculating with Coniothyrium sp. and fumigating with 0.1㎕/ℓSO_(-2) Visual damage did not appear but photosynthesis, CO₂use efficiency(CUE) and water use efficiency(WUE) were reduced when G. biloba was exposed to SO₂for 7days (8 hours a day). When inoculated with Coniothyrium sp., the seventies of damage in G. biloba showed a threefold difference between SO₂-treatment (SI) and SO₂-free treatment (SFI) at day 42 from initial inoculation. Little difference was observed in sugar contents that may be used pathogens feed, among control, SFI and SI. In spite of the reduction in photosynthetic rate, sugar contents and CUE were maintained. WUE was enhanced 13% more at SI than SFI. The CO₂fixation boosted because of enhanced WUE, and thus sugar synthesis was not affected. In addition, sugar transport seems to be retarded for some internal alteration. Consequently, the severity of SI was more serious than that of SFI because Coniothyrium sp. easily invades into the physical texture of G. biloba weakened by SO₂fumigation and because sugar was accumulated in leaves of G. biloba.

수학 교수.학습을 위한 P.Ernest 의 사회적 구성주의에 대한 분석적 고찰

박영배,김소영 仁川敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1998 과학교육논총 Vol.10 No.-

Recently, it is a fact that everyone acknowledges constructivism gives a very powerful epistemological foundation for the teaching and learning in Mathematics. But we do not know the details about the constructivist's view. Especially, we don't know the social constructivism, either. So, we investigated social constructivism of P. Ernest to prepare epistemological foundation for the teaching and learning in mathematics. Hence, in the result of investigation of social constructivism, we are become to have two findings such that : First, publication is necessary course to make individual subjective knowledge into objective knowledge. So it is very important that we make a chance for children to announce their thought, freely. Second, a publicated knowledge of children has to be a objective knowledge through their social interactions. And then, it is very important that we engage the children in their social interaction actively to succeed their interacting activities. Consequently, we are become to know that social constructivism can be a epistemological foundation of the teaching and learning in mathematics, and gives a good philosophical view of mathematical knowledge.

The Role of Human and Definite Features in Korean Pluralization

So-Young Park 한국생성문법학회 2020 생성문법연구 Vol.30 No.2

This paper addresses a specific context where the so-called plural marking - tul in Korean is obligatory for plural denotation, sharply contrasting with the widely known generalization that in classifier languages, plural morphology is merely optional. A human noun in Korean requires a number specification by -tul, when it denotes plural individuals in an anaphoric definite context, whereas a non-human noun does not require it under the same condition. This contrast will be explained by the peculiarity of human nouns that can take null classifiers, distinct from other nouns in Korean. Human nouns, being associated with null classifiers, behave as count nouns and require explicit number specifications by -tul when full DP structures are supposed to project. Non-human nouns, in contrast, are mass nouns without resorting to overt classifiers, and hence do not require number specifications by -tul even when complete DPs are projected. This discussion, in turn, leads to implications on the syntactic status of -tul in Korean, arguing for a head plural analysis, instead of a modifying plural analysis, and further on the DP- vs. NP-language debate of classifier languages.

Verbal Noun Constructions Revisited

So-Young Park 한국생성문법학회 2010 생성문법연구 Vol.20 No.2

This paper investigates a pattern of verbal noun constructions in which a verbal noun is accusative marked and its theme argument is also accusative marked. Based on the two arguments capitalizing on indeterminate pronoun licensing and passive formation, this paper proposes that verbal nouns can take two distinct types of complementation structures: a nominalized structure embedding a vP (with a non restructuring verb hata ‘do’) or a nominalized structure embedding a VP (with the restructuring verb hata). The verb hata turns out to be a lexical restructuring verb, which has an option to take restructuring complementation. This paper argues against the complex predicate approach to verbal noun constructions, favoring the VP-complementation approach which holds that a verbal noun, without the help of the so-called light verb hata, theta-marks its accusative-marked object argument.

관형격조사 ‘의’의 두 유형:

박소영(So Young Park) 현대문법학회 2014 현대문법연구 Vol.81 No.-

This paper identifies two types of uy , which has been called an adnominal particle in Korean, and presents a syntactic analysis of them. The particle uy can be divided into two types; genitive marker uy and modificational marker uy . The former, realized as structural Case, attaches to an argument noun phrase of referential semantic type. In contrast, the latter has a function of attributive modification, whereby combined with a non-argument noun phrase of property semantic type. Genitive marker uy is licensed at the Spec of DP position, whereas modificational marker uy occupies an NP-adjunction position. This paper also discusses so-called compound nouns, in which uy is not allowed to intervene. Those constructions are shown to have properties as syntactic products and to have type interpretations of head nouns.

한국어 주어일치소에 대한 새로운 접근: 음성형식부 일치 분석

박소영 ( Park So-young ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2021 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.43 No.-

This paper presents a PF-based analysis of the so-called subject agreement forms in Korean such as -si- and -tul. These morphemes exhibit the properties that are not consistent with the predictions of syntactic agreement; their realizations are optional, and their overall distributions cannot be fully captured by any syntactic rules. In addition, semantic interpretations are not substantially affected regardless of their presence or absence. Based on these facts, this paper argues that they should rather be taken as agreement forms at PF, thus inserted by the application of a node-sprouting rule at PF. Their status as subject agreement forms will also be refuted, instead generalizing them as agreeing with their C-commanding antecedents being in the same phase.

신용장통일규칙 제14조에 관한 검토

김영훈(Young-Hoon Kim),박광서(Kwang-So Park) 한국관세학회 2004 관세학회지 Vol.5 No.2

This study, especially, focuses mainly on article 14 of the UCP500. Article 14 stipulates the obligation to notify by banks in the case of rejection of the documents presented. That is, Sub-article 14 (d) says that (i) If the Issuing Bank … decides to refuse the documents, it must give notice to that effect by telecommunication or, if that is not possible, by other expeditious means, without delay but no later than the close of the seventh banking day following the day of receipt of the documents …. (ii) Such notice must state all discrepancies in repect of which the bank refuses the documents and must also state whether it is holding the documents at the disposal of, or is returning them to, the presenter. First, therefore Bank which decides to refuse the documents must without delay deliver that intent. If not, Bank is deprived of right to insist that documents presented do not comply. But Many banks usually only give notice to the fact that documents presented do not comply or they negotiate with applican for a waiver of the discrepancies. This notice does not become to the good notice that article 14 demands the banks to give. So. banks must contain in the notice intent of refusal. that is, containing clause to the effect that we reject to accept your documents is free from disputes. Second, such notice state all discrepancies and state the discrepancies as specifically as possible. Some banks which use stationery(or form) printed for refusal notice simply state a few discrepancies among all discrepancies finded. but, this notice does not enough. The reason that UCP500 requires banks to give notice without delay is to afford representing the documents cured to beneficiary. So, if the above notice constitutes the good notice, beneficiary does not know what the discrepancies to correct is, Hence, opportunity to cure is decrease. Therefore, banks state all discrepancies as specifically as possible.

Cosmetics Material Research of FRO Extract

Seo-Young PARK1,Young-Jin SO 한국웰빙융합학회 2021 웰빙융합연구 Vol.4 No.3

Purpose: In this study, skin and lotion containing 10% FRO were prepared to compare the skin improvement effects. Research design, data and methodology: After using cosmetics containing FRO ingredients, analysis was performed for 6 weeks. Results: As a result of measuring the moisture and elasticity of the pores, significant results were obtained only in the pores when used for 2 weeks between the experimental group and the control group (p<.001). Also after 4 weeks of use, moisture (p<.05) showed significant results, and after 6 weeks of use, moisture (p<.01) and elasticity (p<.001) showed significant.

인공지능의 역사

박소영(Park, So Young) 인제대학교 인간환경미래연구원 2019 인간 · 환경 · 미래 Vol.- No.22

이 논문은 인공지능의 역사를 세 가지 측면에서 고찰한다. 우리는 흔히 별도의 구별 없이 인공지능은 하나의 대상으로 언급한다. 과학발달에 의한 테크놀로지의 산물로서 인공지능, 소위 문화 산업 그 중에서도 영상매체인 영화에서 다루어지는 인공지능, 그리고 신화나 소설 속 상상력의 산물로서의 인공지능이 그것들이다. 현실적인 세계에서 실용되는 도구 혹은 과학적 사실로서의 인공지능은 비교적 최근의 산물이지만, 그것과는 별개의 형태로 인공지능은 늘 우리의 주변에 존재해 왔다고 필자는 가정한다. 도구 혹은 과학적 사실은 아니지만 그 이상의 영향력을 발휘해 온 서사로서의 역사는 분명 존재한다. 어찌 보면 인공지능의 역사는 서사적 허구 혹은 신화적 허구를 과학적 사실로 실현시켜온 과정이 아닐까 싶다. 또한 비교적 최근 기술과 가장 밀접한 관련을 갖는 예술로서의 영화에서도 인공지능은 하나의 산업을 형성할 정도로 존재감을 드러내고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 과정을 간략하게 살펴보고, 그 안에 배태된 인간중심적 사고를 지적하는 한편, 인공지능을 대하는 바람직한 태도 혹은 윤리적 자세를 하이데거의 “망가진 도구” 개념을 인용하며 탐색해 보고자 한다. This paper examines the history of artificial intelligence in three ways. We often refer to artificial intelligence as an object without any distinctions. However, there are different aspects of artificial intelligence: AI as a product of technology by scientific development, AI as a so-called cultural commodity which is handled in specifically Hollywood movies, and AI as a product of myth and novel imagination. I assume that artificial intelligence as a practical tool or scientific fact in a realistic world is a relatively recent product, but AI has always existed around us in a variety of forms. There is a history as an narrative that has been more influential than tools or scientific facts. In some ways, the history of artificial intelligence is a process that has realized narrative fiction or mythical fiction as scientific facts. In addition, artificial intelligence is showing a presence enough to form an industry even in movies as an art that is most closely related to technology in recent years. This paper will briefly examine this process, point out the human-centered thinking assigned to it, and explore the desirable attitude or ethical attitude toward artificial intelligence by quoting Heidegger"s "broken tool" concept. 이 논문은 인공지능의 역사를 세 가지 측면에서 고찰한다. 우리는 흔히 별도의 구별 없이 인공지능은 하나의 대상으로 언급한다. 과학발달에 의한 테크놀로지의 산물로서 인공지능, 소위 문화 산업 그 중에서도 영상매체인 영화에서 다루어지는 인공지능, 그리고 신화나 소설 속 상상력의 산물로서의 인공지능이 그것들이다. 현실적인 세계에서 실용되는 도구 혹은 과학적 사실로서의 인공지능은 비교적 최근의 산물이지만, 그것과는 별개의 형태로 인공지능은 늘 우리의 주변에 존재해 왔다고 필자는 가정한다. 도구 혹은 과학적 사실은 아니지만 그 이상의 영향력을 발휘해 온 서사로서의 역사는 분명 존재한다. 어찌 보면 인공지능의 역사는 서사적 허구 혹은 신화적 허구를 과학적 사실로 실현시켜온 과정이 아닐까 싶다. 또한 비교적 최근 기술과 가장 밀접한 관련을 갖는 예술로서의 영화에서도 인공지능은 하나의 산업을 형성할 정도로 존재감을 드러내고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 과정을 간략하게 살펴보고, 그 안에 배태된 인간중심적 사고를 지적하는 한편, 인공지능을 대하는 바람직한 태도 혹은 윤리적 자세를 하이데거의 “망가진 도구” 개념을 인용하며 탐색해 보고자 한다. This paper examines the history of artificial intelligence in three ways. We often refer to artificial intelligence as an object without any distinctions. However, there are different aspects of artificial intelligence: AI as a product of technology by scientific development, AI as a so-called cultural commodity which is handled in specifically Hollywood movies, and AI as a product of myth and novel imagination. I assume that artificial intelligence as a practical tool or scientific fact in a realistic world is a relatively recent product, but AI has always existed around us in a variety of forms. There is a history as an narrative that has been more influential than tools or scientific facts. In some ways, the history of artificial intelligence is a process that has realized narrative fiction or mythical fiction as scientific facts. In addition, artificial intelligence is showing a presence enough to form an industry even in movies as an art that is most closely related to technology in recent years. This paper will briefly examine this process, point out the human-centered thinking assigned to it, and explore the desirable attitude or ethical attitude toward artificial intelligence by quoting Heidegger"s "broken tool" concept.