전류 비유 모델에 의한 초등학생의 전류 개념 변화 분석

유병길,강인석,김병철,남만희,박선희,소하연,윤희정,이영아,이하룡,전병문,정승호 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 科學敎育硏究 Vol.25 No.-

There exists a major impediment to learning electricity which may illuminate why direct presentation of scientists' ideas is too aggressive a strategy. This impediment lies in thinking that electricity is used up and in envisaging the light bulb as a consumer. This view is based on a powerful idea which summarises much of our experience; it declares that 'things get used up', 'you cannot get something for nothing', and 'intuitive thinking'. To replace this view with scientific view, we made the analogy model. It is suggested that the analogy model is more effective in teaching electricity circuits than conventional teaching method.

命題의 眞理集合에 依한 確率演算의 試圖

黃秉德 淸州敎育大學校 1970 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

공의회주의자(conciliarist)로서의 토머스 모어와 그의 합의 사상

김평중 전남사학회 2002 역사학연구 Vol.19 No.-

In the early Reformation, Thomas More, as a conciliarist rather than an absolute curialist, took his anti-Luther position on the basis of the idea of 'consensus'. More's basic idea that controled his thought and his position was 'common faith' In connecting to 'common faith', he liked to use terms and concepts such as 'common church', Christendom as a 'community of faith', or 'common consensus' as the common agreement of all believers. This contrasts with Luther's and Calvin's stressing of the individual and direct faith, only faith without good deeds, only the Bible, predestination, and so on. However, More's thoughts along these lines are not a dogmatic reflection of medieval Catholic positions stressing universality. More, who was not a Catholic theologian but a lawyer and a politician, understood and used the concepts of 'common faith' from the legal or political standpoint in confuting Luther. Especially, More, who had an anti-tyrannical democratic · constitutional disposition, regarded the 'common faith', a widespread and democratic principle with little error, as the source of consensus. Therefore, it was natural that More looked upon the Council more highly than the papacy For More, the papacy as a divine institution and a product of consensus is an external and unified administrative center of the universal church, but the Council is a constitutional iud representative organ for achieving the common consensus and internal unity of the entire church and all of Christendom. The general council has not only an educational role for all Christian believers but also a judical function for popes in the wrong. In this respect, we can call More a conciliarist. If the focus of study is on More's thoughts on consensus, it begins from the thesis of 'common faith' More's consensus is the agreement or consent of all Christians who are dwelling in common faith all over the world. The doctrines and practices of the whole church are the products of consensus. The consensus is arrived at under the majority principle, not unanimity, and under a representative system, but at the internal level, for its confirming of a guarantee, it must be provided with the following three conditions: First is the extending of the space. For achieving and guaranteeing a consensus, the greater the scope of the gathering of a consensus, the higher the quality of that consensus. Through the process of producing a consensus, in any form, the universal agreement of all Christians beyond national or class distinction must be reflected. Second is the extending of the time. From More's view point, a consensus is the silent agreement achieved universally through many generations. The longer the time involved in arriving at a consensus, the higher the objectivity and confidence of that consensus. In this respect, ancient church fathers' writings are very important as sources of consensus. Third is the leadership and work of the Holy Spirit. According to More, the Holy Spirit is the ultimate source of consensus, making all kinds of men of one mind. In sum More's stressing of the democratic·horizontal values of consensus in the church is different from the existing hierarchical authority of the Catholic church with the pope at the top.

초등학교 3학년의 빛에 대한 개념

유병길,손선영 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 科學敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.-

The present work examined children's ideas about in the 3-th graders of elementary school. The results are as follows; From the present study it became clear that children's ideas are strongly influenced by their egocentric or human-centered view of the world. For example, light from a candle is deemed to travel as far as any object which is obviously illuminated by it. If they can not see the illumination, the the light has not got as far as that. Most children would consider their ideas about light to be sensible, even commonsense, views. It is suggested that some of the students' basic ideas about light, how far light travels, and hoe we actually see objects, be taught.

소리에 관한 아동들의 개념 변화에 미치는 구성주의적 수업전략의 학습효과

유병길,류양순 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 科學敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.-

The present work examined the effects of the instruction built on radical constructivism on elementary school students' sound conception. Two groups of the 3-th graders were established. Students were tested before and after each instruction of sound unit. The experimental group's average value in post-test was higher than the comparative group's. Therefore, the instruction built on radical constructivism is more effective than traditional teaching. Also, analogy model by ripple tank is effective in construction of sound transfer concept.

폴라로그래피를 이용한 질산염-아질산염의 동시 정량

吳平濟,宋昌益,李慶鎬 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1988 理學論集 Vol.13 No.-

0.05mol/1염산용액과 0.1mol/1염화칼륨 지지전해질 용액 중에서 우라닐이온 존재하에 질산염-아질산염 혼합용액의 플라로그램을 측정하였다. 질산염-아질산염 혼합용액의 제1파의 전류는 -0.72volt (vs.S.C.E)의 전극전위에서 아질산염의 농도에 비례하고 이것은 다음과 같이 나타낼 수 있다. id₁(??)=1.32[??]. 제2파의 전류는 -1.2volt (vs.S.C.E)의 전극전위에서 질산염과 아질산염의 각 농도에 비례하고 이것은 다음과 같이 나타낼 수 있다. id₂(??)=6.18[??]. id₂(??)=20.72[??]. 이러한 결과로부터 질산염-아질산염의 혼합용액의 폴라로그램을 이용하여 mM범위의 두염의 농도를 동시 정량할 수 있다. 오차는 5% 정도이다. Polarogram of nitrate-nitrite mixed solution in the presence of Uranyl ion, containing 0.05M HCl and 0.1 KCl as a supporting electrolyte, have been studied. Current of the first wave of nitrate-nitrite mixed solution at the electrode potential -0.72 volt vs. S.C.E. is proportional to the nitrite concentration and gives current of the first wave as id₁(??)=1.32[??]. Current of the second wave of nitrate-nitrite mixed solution at the electrode potential -1.2volt vs. S.C.E. are proportional to the nitrate and nitrate concentration and gives current of the second wave as id₂(??)=20.72[??], and id₂(??)=6.18[??], respectively. With these results, method of simultaneous quantitative analysis of nitrate and nitrite concentrations by use of polarograms of millimole concentration of nitrate-nitrite mixed solution has been presented. The accuracy of this method for determination of mM order concentration of nitrate and nitrite mixed solution is found to be Ca. 5 percent at the worst.

방조제 축조에 따른 침하량 연구(Ⅳ)

장병욱 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2000 농업생명과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

When a sea-dike is constructed on soft soils, loss by running flow, replacement by quarry and consolidation settlement of clay ground must be made clear to estimate the amount of quarry accurately. Because the study on the ground deformation is incomplete, most of design does not slough off existing practice. In this study, development of ground deformation analysis system, development of consolidation settlement analysis system for soft ground and development of measuring management and analysis system under a sea-dike constructed on soft soils were performed. In the fourth year study, development of settlement section estimation system, program, and development of mesh generator pre-processor and pre-processor program were performed.

열에 대한 초등학생의 개념 변화 분석

유병길,윤희정 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 科學敎育硏究 Vol.25 No.-

Many students are willing not to change their concept of science. They have much difficulty in learning science. So, there are many researches that learning science frequently requires the process of conceptual change. In approaches that focus on conceptual change, cognitive conflict strategies play a key role. It underlies Piaget's genetic epistemology in which disequilibration demands an strategies between assimilation and accommodation until equilibrium is restored. Disequilibration is very important in learning science. This study is intended to interpret the conceptual change of heat in learning science.

Back Propagation 알고리즘을 이용한 초음파 전동기의 위치제어에 관한 연구

김평호 서강정보대학 1999 산업과학연구 Vol.1 No.-

Recently, neural networks have been the focus of a great deal of attentions. Multilayer neural networks have been used successfully for a wide variety of applications, such as pattern recognition, identification and fault detection. From 1990' s, Neural networks begin to be used in servo drive field. Neural network controller can respond flexibly to unexpected and complex situation by using their self-learning capability, generalization ability, fault tolerance ability and a great degree of robustness. In contrast, conventional controller must be programmed in advance so that response to these variations properly. The inherent performance of Ultrasonic Motor(USM) which is one of highlighted a directly-driven positioning servo motor/actuator. In this paper, the speed of control USM based on neural network control. The neural network control can roughly be classified as the direct control and indirect control schemes. An indirect control scheme is adapted for USM speed control. A back propagation algorithm is used to train neural network controller.

시정수제어에 의한 교류서보모터의 속도제어특성

김평호 서강정보대학 1998 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

This paper describes the controller for the improving speed control the AC servo motor. The microprocessor provides an output to the difference in command. The servo system improves the characteristics of speed control. When the motor is running at the same speed as set by the reference signal, the speed encoder also provides a signal of the same frequency. Thus, the microprocessor controlled digital techniques enable to realize the flexible performance and control which was possible with time constant. The optimal speed of machining center is 75msec in 30000mm/min and actually, 75msec is using om machining center. Finally experimental results prove excellent performance of this control system. This can reduced error whth more exact measure of actual speed. The system can be adaptable to CNC machine.