백혈병 세포에서 Multidrug Resistance Gene-1 (mdr1)의 과발현이 ^99m Tc-sestaMIBI 섭취에 미치는 영향

천경아,이재태,이상우,강도영,손상균,이종기,정준기,전수한,이규보 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Purpose: To determine whether 99mTc-MIBI is recognized by the multidrug resistant P-glycoprotein (Pgp), we have measured quantitatively 99mTc-MIBI uptake in cancer cells. The effects of various Pgp reversing agents on cellular 99mTc-MIBI uptake were also investigated in the presence of multidrug resistance gene-1(mdr1 gene) overexpression. Materisls and Methods: We measured percentage uptake of 99mTc-MIBI at different incubation temperatures both in mdr1 positive and negative cells. The effects of verapamil, cyclosporin, and dipyridamole on cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI were also evaluated with or withouts overexpression of mdr1 gene in Cultured murine leukemia L1210 cells. Results: The mdr1 gene expressing cell lines were effectively induced in in vitro with continuous application of low-dose adriamycin or vincristine. Cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI was higher in mdr1 negative L 1210 cells than those of mdr1 positive cells, and higher when incubated in 37℃ than 4℃. In the presence of verapamil, cyclosporin or dipyridamole, 99mTc-MIBI uptake was increased upto 604% in mdr1 positive cells. Conclusion: Cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI is lower in leukemia cells over-expressing mdr1 gene, and MDR-reversing agents increase cellular uptake. These results suggest that 99mTc-MIBI can be used for characterizing Pgp expression and developing MDR-reversing agents in vitro. (Korean J Nucl Med 1999;33: 152-62)

Magnetron sputtering법으로 제조된 Al-1%Cu/Tungsten Nitride 다층 박막

이기선,서수정,김장현,김남철 공주대학교 자원재활용신소재지역협력센터 2000 2차년도 센터 사업 성과집 Vol.2000 No.1

표면 탄성파 디바이스의 전극재료로 사용되는 Al-1%Cu(4000Å)/tungsten nitride 박막을 magnetron sputtering법으로 제조하고 전기저항을 평가한 결과 비정질상의 tungsten nitride 박막을 제조할 수 있었고, 비정질 형성을 위해서 질소비 (R = N2/(Ar+N2))가 10∼40% 정도 필요하였다. Tungsten nitride 박막의 잔류응력은 비정질이 형성되면서 급격히 감소되었다. 이러한 비정질 박막위에 Al-1%Cu합금막이 형성되었다. 다층막은 453K에서 4시간 동안 열처리함으로써 3.6μΩ-cm의 저항를 나타냈는데, 이는 박막내 결정립 성장과 결정 결함의 감소에 기인하였다. As a power durable-electrode in SAW filter. Al-1%Cu/tungsten nitride multi-layer thin film was fabricated by magnetron sputtering process. Tungsten nitride films had the amorphours phase at the nitrogen ratio, R, ranging from 10~40%. The amorphization could be controlled by nitrogen ratio. R = N2/(N2+Ar) as a sputtering process parameter. Residual stress in tungsten nitride abruptly decreased with the formation of amorphous phase. Al-1%Cu thin film was deposited on the amorphous tungsten nitride. After the multi-layed thin film was annealed for 4 hours at 453K, the resistivity decreased as 3.6 μΩ-cm, which was due to grain growth and reduced crystal defects.

객체에 근거한 선호도 제약 중심 스케줄링 언어와 성능향상 기법

이기철,문정모,송성헌 한국경영과학회 1995 經營 科學 Vol.12 No.2

For a complex scheduling system like time table construction, its optimal solution, if exists, is hard to obtain. In this paper, the scheduling environment is reasonably confined as where objects have their own events competing for better slots on boards, and objects have their own board slot preferences and belong to one or more classes of the society which globally constrains them. Here, two phase method is suggested, where the first phase is human-like preference dirven and the second phase is for fine tuning by considering all the factors given. Designed and implemented in our system HI-SCHED are dynamic object switching, temporal-constraint-driven intelligent backtracking, case-based revisions, object-based approach, and so on. Some satisfaction degrees are also defined to measure the usefulness of our method. In addition, look-ahead dynamic object switching is considered, and additional global constraints are introduced and processed. A simple scheme is also used to verify the usefulness of the post processing scheme.

우울증 환자 치료에 있어서 Tianeptine과 Sertraline의 효과와 안전성 비교

이민수,강성민,기백석,연병길,오병훈,이철,채정민,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.2

연구목적: 주요 우울증의 치료에 있어서 티아넵틴과 써트랄린의 임상적 효과와 안정성을 비교하기 위하여 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: DSM-IV 진단 기준에 의거하여 주요 우울증의 진단기준에 부합되고 17항목 해밀턴 우울척도 점수가 14점 이상인 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 총 40명의 환자를 무작위적 방식에 따라 티아넵틴 치료군과 써트랄린 치료군으로 분류하였다. 선탠된 환자에서 다른 항우울제를 복용하고 있는 경우 7일 이상의 약물 배설기간을 가진 후 티아넵틴과 써트랄린을 각각 6주간 투여하였으며, 기준점, 1주후, 2주 후, 4주 후, 6주 후에 HAM-D, MADRS, 그리고 CGI, COVI 등을 사용하여 평가하였다. 본 연구기간 중 발생된 모든 부작용은 부작용의 발생 및 소실 시기, 심한 정도, 발생 빈도, 관련 조치 및 결과에 대하여 증례기록서에 기록하도록 하였다. 결과: 30명(티아넵틴군 15명 ; 써트랄린군 15명)이 6주간의 연구를 완결하였고 티아넵틴 치료군에서는 1일 37.5mg을 투여하였으며 써트랄린군에서는 1일 평균 64.0±22.5mg을 투여하였다. 본 연구 결과 HAM-D, MADRS, CGI 상에서 두 군 모두에서 치료 1주 후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었으며 이는 2주 후, 4주 후, 6주 후에도 지속적인 감소를 보였고 두 군간에 항우울 효과의 차이는 없었다. 활력징후, 일반 혈액학, 생화학, 심전도 검사 등에서는 두 군 모두 유의한 변화는 없었다. 티아넵틴과 관련된 부작용으로 흔히 보고한 증상은 오심(33.3%), 복부 불쾌감(26.7%), 구강 건조(20.0%), 두통(13.3%)등 이었고 써트랄린 치료군에서는 구강 건조(53.3%), 두통(46.7%), 오심(33.3%), 그리고 식욕 부진(33.3%)등으로 티아넵틴군에서 보다 적은 발현빈도를 보였다. 결론: 티아넵틴은 우울증의 치료에 있어서 효과적이고, 내약성이 우수한, 안전한 항우울제이다. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tianeptine and sertraline in the treatment of patients with depression. Method: The study was done on the patients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-IV, who had aHamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAM-D) score ≥ 14 on the first 17 items of the HAM-D. A total of 40 patients were randomly assigned to tianeptine group and sertraline group. Tianeptine and sertraline were prescribed to each group. 6 weeks of each medication was carried out after 7 days of drug excretion period. Evaluation using 17 item HAM-D, Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), and Covi Scale was done on the baseline and after 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. Regrding all side effects that had occurred during the period of our study such as their developed/disappeaed time, severitien, incidences, managements and results have been recorded. Results: A total of 30 patients(tianeptine group 15 ; sertraline froup 15) finished the 6 weeks of research. 37.5mg of the daily dose was regularly prescribed to the tianeptine group, the average amount of 64.0±22.5mg of the final daily dose was prescribed to the sertraline group. Total 17 item HAM-D scores, total points of MADRS and CGI showed significant decrease after 1 week in each treatment froup and continous decrease after 2, 4 and 6 weeks ; and no difference was found between tianeptine group and sertaline group in the antidepressant efficacy. Also there were no significant changes in vital sign, CBC, chemistry, and EKG in each treatment group. The common reported side effects of tianeptine were nausea(33.3%), epigastic distress(26.7%), dry mouth(20.0%), headache(13.3%) and those of sertraline were dry mouth (53.3%), headache(46.7%), nausea(33.3%), anorexia(33.3%). Conclusion: According to the results, tianeptine was effective in improvement of depressive symptoms and was well tolerated and safe in patients with depression.

한국인의 하악 구치의 근관 형태에 관한 후향성 연구

정일영,금기연,이승종,이찬영 大韓齒科保存學會 1997 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.22 No.2

A retrospective in vivo study of endodontically treated mandiblar molars was conducted. The radilographs and clinical records of mandibular molars that had been treated endodontically in the Dental hospital of Yonsei University from 1986 to July 1997 were reviewed and categorized. A total of 1751 cases were studied and following results were obtained. 1. The number of root canals in mandibular first permanent molar in d Korean population revealed three in 53.2%, four in 23.0%, two in 18.4%, C-shaped canal in 5.0%, and one in 0.4%. 2. In mandibular second molar, three canals was observed in 53.3%, four in 22.2%, two in 14.9%, C-shaped canal in 9.1%, and one in 0.6%. 3. In the results of the percentage of 4 canals of mandibular first molars at various age, before age 20, 37.7% was obtained whereas 19.3% after 30. 4. 7.94% of mandibular first molars examined were found to have three roots. 5. The mandibular second molar had C-shaped canals in 9.1%.

깨달음과 치유 : "그리스도 요법" 서설

이정기 연세대학교 신과대학 2004 신학논단 Vol.37 No.-

江原道 自然休養林 프로그램의 方向 摸索

李龍揆,崔晶棋 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2004 Journal of Forest Science Vol.20 No.-

본 연구는 강원도 내 자연휴양림의 프로그램의 현황을 파악하여 향후 자연휴양림의 발전 방향을 모색하고자 실시하였다. 2003년 현재 강원도는 19개소의 자연휴양림(국유림 11개소, 공유림 4개소, 사유림 4개소)을 조성·운영하고 있으며, 현행 시행되고 있는 프로그램으로는 숲해설, 산악자전거, 산악 마라톤, 산악스키, 숲속 음악회, 숲교실 등이 시행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 강원도 자연휴양림 프로그램의 새로운 방향을 위해서 문화·복지·교육 프로그램을 축으로 하여 발전 방향을 모색하였다. 문화 프로그램으로는 「전통가옥체험 프로그램」, 「오지체험 프로그램」, 「산촌 특산물 프로그램」을 구상하였으며, 복지 프로그램은 「노인복지프로그램」과 「장애인 복지 프로그램」을, 교육프로그램으로는 「숲속의 지구촌 교류」프로그램 조성과 「인성교육 프로그램」을 제시하였다. 앞으로 주 5일 근무제 도입으로 휴향수요가 대폭적으로 증가할 것으로 예상되므로 관광 강원도의 이미지를 부각시키기 위해서 자연휴양림의 지속적인 관심과 다양한 프로그램 개발이 더욱 증진되어야 할 것이다. This study was carried out to find new perspective of forest, recreation program in Gangwon-do. Gangwon-do has now 19 forest recreation sites (national forest : 11, public forest : 4, private forest ; 4) where forest interpretation, mountain bike, mountain marathon, mountain ski, forest music concert, various forest class are held. In order to develop the new programs for forest recreation program in Gangwon-do, study considered culture program, welfare program and education program. For culture program, the experience program in traditional house, the experience in the back region and the experience in special product of mountain village were suggested. For welfare programs, the welfare programs for the old and the handicapped were shown. For education program, forest global village program and personality program were devised. According to introduction of 5 day-work per week, the population for recreation are expected to strongly increase, so Gangwon-do representing the image of tour province should improve continuous concern and various developing programs for forest recreation.

성상세포종에서 등급에 따른 p53 단백 발현의 차이

기근홍,양정원,이승학,이민오,성정희 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.1

Background and Objectives: Mutation or inactivation of the p53 is important mechanism in a wide variety of human tumors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between expression amount of p53 protein and the grade of astrocytic gliomas. Materials and Methods: This study analyzes 40 paraffin-embedded astrocytic glioma, including 10 cases of low grade, 20 cases of high grade, and 10 cases of maligant glioma (glioblastoma multiforme) were used to analyze the status of abnormal accumulation of wild type of p53 protein. The evaluation of the immunostaining result was based on the percentage of positive neoplastic cells. Results: Average positive cell rate of p53 protein were 4.2%, 35.4% and 16.2% in low grade astrocytoma, high grade astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme, respectively. Conclusion: p53 gene mutations were correlated with histologic grade of glial tumors. High grade and glioblastoma multiforme showed higher positive cell rate than low grade astrocytoma. These results suggest that the high positive rates of p53 protein is related to the poor prognosis.

주요우울증에 대한 Milnacipran의 효과 및 안정성 : Fluoxetine과의 비교

이민수,함병주,기백석,김정범,연병길,오강섭,오병훈,이철,정한용,지익성,최병무,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This 6-week, open label randomized, multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the antidepressant effect and safety of milnacipran and fluoxetine in patients with major depression. Methods : The study was done in patients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-IV who score ≥17 in 17 items Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (17-item HAM-D) and score ≥25 in Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A total of 87 patients were randomized to milnacipran group and fluoxetine group. In cases of the patients taking other antidepressants, 6 weeks of each medication was administered after 7 days of drug excretion period. The evaluation was done using 17 item HAM-D, MADRS, Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), and COVI scale after baseline, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. The side effects that had occurred during the period of our study were put in records by developed/disappeared time, severities, incidences, managements and results. Results : A total of 87 patients were enrolled. 70 (mitnacipran group 39 ; fluoxetine group 31) of them were included for the 6 weeks of research and 17 of them dropped out with in the first week, not due to adverse reactions or deficiency of effects. Total 17 item HAM-D scores, total points of MADRS, and CGI showed significant decrease after 1 week in each treatment group and continued decrease after 2 weeks and 4, 6 weeks. But there was no difference between milnacipran group and fluoxetine group in the antidepressant effect. There were no significant changes in vital sign, CBC, chemistry, and EKG in each treatment group. The commonly reported side elfects of minlacipran were nausea (25.0%), headache (10.7%), vomiting (7.1%),constipation (7.1%), dizziness (7.1%) and those of fluoxetne were GI trouble (11.1%), diarrhea (11.1%), insomnia (11.1%),agitation (5.6%), and dizziness (5.6%). Conclusion : Milnacipran was effective for the improvement of depressive symptoms and was well tolerated and safe in patients with depression.

대장에 발생한 샘암종에서 MUC1과 MUC2 점소 발현의 의의

이윤경,이주호,이용,심재영,박정훈,오수섭,박진실,기근홍 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.2

Background : Mucins possess the unique function of protecting and lubricating the epithelial surface and other important functions such as call growth, direct implication in the fetal development, the epithelial renewal and differentiation, the epithelial integrity, carcinogenesis, immune regulation, cellular adhesion and metastasis. Purpose : This study was done to provide the significance of alteration of MUC1 and MUC2 expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma, A series of 131 colorectal adenocarcinomas including 11 mucinous carcinomas were screened immunohistochemically for their expression of MUCI and MUC2, Materials and mehtods : Of 131 carcinomas, 76 (58,5%) were MUCI positive and 91 (68, 9%) were MUC2 positive, In normal colonic goblet cells, MUCl was not expressed but MUC2 was expressed in cytoplasm, Conclusion There were up-regulation of MUCI and down-regulation of MUC2 in colorectal carcinomas, The frequency of MUC2 positivity according to differentiation was statistically reliable. (p=0.0001)