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신재호,Sung-Jin Park,Hyun-Jin Cho,Geumhee Gwak,Byung-Noe Bae,Ki Whan Kim,Hong-Yong Kim2,Kyeongmee Park,Sehwan Han 한국유방암학회 2009 Journal of breast cancer Vol.12 No.1
Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)/neu amplification affects the cell proliferation through the modulation of multiple G1 cell cycle regulators in breast tumor cells. We performed this study to investigate whether retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and p27Kip1 were differently expressed according to the HER2 amplification status in human breast cancer. Methods: HER2 amplification was assayed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and the expression of cell cycle regulators were assayed by immunohistochemistry on 153 consecutive invasive breast cancers. The proliferative activity of breast cancer was analyzed according to the HER2 amplification and cell cycle protein expression status. Results: HER2 amplification was observed in 39 (25.5%) of 153 breast cancers. In the HER2 amplified breast cancers, the pRB expression was significantly increased (p=0.011) whereas there was no significant relationship between HER2 amplification and p27Kip1 expression. There was an inverse correlation between pRB expression and Ki-67 labeling index in the HER2 amplified breast cancers (p=0.036). In contrast, Ki67 labeling index was significantly decreased as p27Kip1 expression increased in HER2 non-amplified breast cancers (p=0.028). In HER2 non-amplified breast cancers, we could not observe any association between the pRB expression and Ki67 labeling index. Conclusion: The proliferation of the breast cancers was associated with pRB expression in HER2 amplified tumors whereas it was associated with p27Kip1 expression in HER2 non-amplified tumors. The results of the current study indicate that the cell proliferative activity of the breast cancer is under different growth signal pathways according to HER2 amplification status.
Interrelation of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, and p27Kip1 Expression on Tissue Arrays of Breast Cancer
Sehwan Han,Young-Duck Kim,Hong-Yong Kim,Hong-Joo Kim,Kyeongmee Park,Byung-Noe Bae,Suk Yong Ryu,Ki Hwan Kim 대한암학회 2002 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.34 No.5
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical impact of the alteredexpression of cell cycle regulators in stage I and II breastcancers.Materials and Methods: The interaction between cyclinD1/E and p27Kip1 expressions were analyzed usingtissue microarray (TMA) technology in 133 breast cancers.Data from the immunohistochemical assays of 3molecules were merged, and analyzed, with a Ki67labeling index of the same tumors.Results: Cyclin D1 was expressed in 72 breast carcinomas(54.1%) and cyclin E in 60 (45.1%) out of the 133breast carcinomas. Expressions of cyclin D1 and cyclinE were inversely related to each other, and significantlyassociated with the estrogen receptor (ER) expressionand differentiation of the breast carcinoma. The expressionof cyclin E was significantly decreased in tumorsexpressing cyclin D1 (p=0.022). There was a trend forcyclin D1 expression to increase in tumors expressingp27Kip1 (p=0.053), but the expression of cyclin E didnot correlate with p27Kip1 expression. The Ki67 labelingindex was markedly increased in tumors expressing cyclinE, whereas it was significantly decreased in the cyclin D1or p27Kip1 expressing-tumors. From survival analysis,cyclin E expression was the only significant variable forthe prediction of poor survival.Conclusion: The abnormal expressions of cell cycleregulatory molecules are prevalent, and interrelated witheach other in breast cancer. Integration of TMA technologyallowed a high-throughput analysis for correlating molecularthe in situ findings, with the clinico-pathologicinformation. Among the three molecules studied, thecyclin E had a prognostic implication for stage I and IIbreast cancer. (Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34:388-393)
Electrochromic Diffraction from Nanopatterned Poly(3-hexylthiophene)
Kim, Yuna,Kim, Yoonjung,Kim, Sehwan,Kim, Eunkyoung American Chemical Society 2010 ACS NANO Vol.4 No.9
<P>Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films were patterned by a soft lithography technique using a nanopatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold to generate one-dimensional (1D) grating and two-dimensional (2D) crossed line pillar patterns. The redox currents (<I>i</I><SUB>p</SUB>) were significantly increased due to the facilitated diffusion of ClO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>−</SUP> counterions associated with redox processes at the P3HT electrode as analyzing cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed at different scan rates (ν). It was found that the diffusion coefficient (<I>D</I><SUB>f</SUB>, cm<SUP>2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>) for ion diffusion in the patterned electrode was much larger than that of the pristine P3HT electrode. Furthermore, the value of <I>D</I><SUB>f</SUB> in the 2D electrode was three times higher than that in a pristine film. As a result of such facilitated charge transport, the electrochromic (EC) properties of the patterned P3HT electrode were greatly enhanced and dependent on the dimension of the pattern. Thus, the electrochromic efficiency (<I>E</I><SUB>e</SUB>), including the coloration (<I>E</I><SUB>c</SUB>) and bleaching efficiencies (<I>E</I><SUB>b</SUB>), was higher as the dimension of the pattern was increased; <I>E</I><SUB>e</SUB> was maximized in the 2D patterned P3HT film. In a patterned cell, electrochromic diffraction was reversibly observed with a switching efficiency (<I>R</I><SUB>DE</SUB>) of 2 and 2.5 for the 1D and 2D patterned cells, respectively.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2010/ancac3.2010.4.issue-9/nn1016378/production/images/medium/nn-2010-016378_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn1016378'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Inverted organic photovoltaic cells using three-dimensionally interconnected TiO2 nanotube arrays.
Kim, Sehwan,Koh, Joo Hwan,Kim, Jong Hak,Kim, Eunkyoung American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.4
<P>Here we describe a simple sol-gel method to fabricate inverted organic photovoltaics (OPV) using interconnected TiO2 nanotubes (inter-TiO2 NT) as an efficient electron transport layer. Three-dimensionally inter-TiO2 NT arrays were prepared by spin-coating a TiO2 precursor solution on the ZnO nanorod (NR) template grown via the liquid phase deposition method. Upon etching of ZnO NRs, inter-TiO2 NT arrays were generated, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). A blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) deeply infiltrated into the pores of inter-TiO2 NT, as revealed by FE-SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of inter-TiO2 NT-based inverted OPV reached 3.0% at an air mass of 1.5 (100 mW/cm2), which is a 25% performance improvement compared to flat TiO2 films derived from the sol-gel process or commercial paste. The efficiency improvement arises from facilitated charge separation and collection due to the increased TiO2 interface arera and efficient transport pathway.</P>
Development and Test of a Cooling System for a 154 kV Superconducting Fault Current Limiter
Kim, Heesun,Han, Young Hee,Yang, Seong-Eun,Yu, Seung-Duck,Park, Byung Jun,Park, Kijun,Yoo, Jaeun,Kim, Hye-Rim,In, Sehwan,Hong, Yong Joo,Yeom, Hankil Korea Electric Power Corporation 2015 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.1 No.1
The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is an electric power device that limits the fault current immediately in a power grid. Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) has been developing a 154 kV, 2 kA SFCL since 2011 to protect power grids from increasing fault current and improve the stability and quality of electric power. This SFCL adopts 2G YBCO wires and operates at 71 K and 5 bars. In this paper, a cooling system for the 154 kV SFCL and its cooling test results are reported. This cooling system uses a Stirling-type cooler to make sub-cooled liquid nitrogen ($LN_2$), which cools the superconductor modules of the SFCL. The $LN_2$ is circulated between the cooler and the cryostat that contains superconductor modules. The $LN_2$ also plays the role of a high voltage insulator between the modules and the cryostat, so the pressure was maintained at 5 bars for high insulation performance. After installation in a test site, the cooling characteristics of the system were tested. In this operation test, some important data were measured such as temperature distribution in $LN_2$, pressure change, performance of the heat exchanger, and cooling capacity of the total system. Consequently, the results indicate that the cooling system operates well as designed.
Proving the origin of magnetically inhomogeneity of FeRh film using polarized neutron reflectometry
Sehwan Song,Jiwoong Kim,Chang-woo Cho,Jisung Lee,Dooyong Lee,Doukyun Kim,Hyegyoung Kim,Haeyong Kang,Chul-Hong Park,Jun Kue Park,Jae Hyuck Jang,Noboru Miyata,Neeraj Kumar,Yeong-Ah Soh,Chanyoung Hwang,B 한국자기학회 2022 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.2