Bax Inhibitor-1 Is a pH-dependent Regulator of Ca²⁺Channel Activity in the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Kim, Hyung-Ryong,Lee, Geum-Hwa,Ha, Ki-Chan,Ahn, Taeho,Moon, Ji-Yong,Lee, Bong-Jin,Cho, Ssang-Goo,Kim, Sanguk,Seo, Young-Rok,Shin, Yong-Joo,Chae, Soo-Wan,Reed, John C.,Chae, Han-Jung American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2008 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.283 No.23

<P>In this study, Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) overexpression reduces the ER pool of Ca(2+) released by thapsigargin. Cells overexpressing BI-1 also showed lower intracellular Ca(2+) release induced by the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin as well as agonists of ryanodine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors. In contrast, cells expressing carboxyl-terminal deleted BI-1 (CDelta-BI-1 cells) displayed normal intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization. Basal Ca(2+) release rates from the ER were higher in BI-1-overexpressing cells than in control or CDelta-BI-1 cells. We determined that the carboxyl-terminal cytosolic region of BI-1 contains a lysine-rich motif (EKDKKKEKK) resembling the pH-sensing domains of ion channels. Acidic conditions triggered more extensive Ca(2+) release from ER microsomes from BI-1-overexpressing cells and BI-1-reconstituted liposomes. Acidic conditions also induced BI-1 protein oligomerization. Interestingly subjecting BI-1-overexpressing cells to acidic conditions induced more Bax recruitment to mitochondria, more cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and more cell death. These findings suggest that BI-1 increases Ca(2+) leak rates from the ER through a mechanism that is dependent on pH and on the carboxyl-terminal cytosolic region of the BI-1 protein. The findings also reveal a cell death-promoting phenotype for BI-1 that is manifested under low pH conditions.</P>

Subsidence Ratio after Anterior Cervical Interbody Fusion Using an Intraoperative Custom-made Cervical Cage

Kim, Dok-Ryong,Moon, Byung-Gwan,Kim, Jae-Hoon,Kang, Hee-In,Lee, Seung-Jin,Kim, Joo-Seung The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2007 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.41 No.5

Objective : The postoperative subsidence of anterior cervical interbody fusion for cervical degenerative diseases gives rise to segmental kyphotic collapse, screw loosening, and chronic neck pain. So, intraoperative custom-made polymethylmethacrylate [PMMA] C-cage has been developed to prevent subsidence following anterior cervical fusion. Methods : A total of patients who underwent anterior cervical interbody fusion with a intraoperative custom - made cervical cage filled with local bone and demineralized bone matrix [group A] were analyzed prospectively from June 2004 to June 2005. These were compared with 40 patients who were treated with iliac bone graft [group B]. We evaluated subsidence ratio, change of segmental angle, distraction length and segmental angle. Statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : Group A had a statistically significant decrease in subsidence ratio [$0.64{\pm}0.43%$, p=0.00]. distraction length [$2.42{\pm}1.25\;mm$, p=0.02], and follow angle change [$1.78{\pm}1.69^{\circ}$, p=0.01] as compared with Group B. However, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative segmental angle change [p=0.66]. On the analysis of the correlation coefficient, the parameters showed no interrelationships in the group A. On the other hand, subsidence ratio was affected by distraction length in the group B [Pearson correlation=0.448]. Conclusion : This operative technique would be contributed for the reduction of a postoperative subsidence after the anterior cervical interbody fusion procedure for cervical disc disease with moderate to severe osteoporotic condition and segmental loss of lordosis.

Epidermoid Cyst Arising from the Corpus Callosum

Kim, Dok-Ryong,Kang, Hee-In,Kim, Jae-Hoon,Kim, Joo-Seung The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2007 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.41 No.3

Most of intradural epidermoid cyst arise as slowly growing extraaxial lesions but purely intracerebral epidermoid cysts are rare. A 39-year-old female presented with a headache during several months. Brain computed tomography [CT] scan showed a mass lesion in the both frontal lobe with heterogenous density approximately $5{\times}5cm$ in size. Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] revealed a mass of heterogenous signal intensity on T1, T2-weighted image and faint enhancement with gadolinium [Gd]. Through the both interhemispheric approach, mass was removed subtotally except the calcified portion tightly attached to the corpus callosum. The patient discharged without neurological deficit. The authors report a case of epidermoid cyst in the corpus callosum and discuss the pathogenesis of the intraparenchymal epidermoid cyst.

Acacetin inhibits neuronal cell death induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in cellular Parkinson’s disease model

Kim, Sang Min,Park, Yong Joo,Shin, Myoung-Sook,Kim, Ha-Ryong,Kim, Min Jae,Lee, Sang Hun,Yun, Seung Pil,Kwon, Seung-Hwan Elsevier 2017 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.27 No.23

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Acacetin (5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone), a flavonoid compound isolated from <I>Flos Chrysanthemi Indici</I>, chrysanthemum, safflower, and <I>Calamintha</I> and <I>Linaria</I> species has been shown to have anti-cancer activity, indicating its potential clinical value in cancer treatment. In this study, we sought to study the potentials of acacetin in preventing human dopaminergic neuronal death via inhibition of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neuronal cell death in the SH-SY5Y cells. Our results suggest that acacetin was effective in preventing 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death through regulation of mitochondrial-mediated cascade apoptotic cell death. Pretreatment with acacetin significantly inhibited neurotoxicity and neuronal cell death through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) dysfunction. Acacetin also markedly acted on key molecules in apoptotic cell death pathways and reduced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β). These results suggested that acacetin could inhibit 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death originating from ROS-mediated cascade apoptosis pathway. Thus, the results of our study suggest that acacetin is a potent therapeutic agent for PD progression.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Genome Analysis of the Domestic Dog (Korean Jindo) by Massively Parallel Sequencing

Kim, Ryong Nam,Kim, Dae-Soo,Choi, Sang-Haeng,Yoon, Byoung-Ha,Kang, Aram,Nam, Seong-Hyeuk,Kim, Dong-Wook,Kim, Jong-Joo,Ha, Ji-Hong,Toyoda, Atsushi,Fujiyama, Asao,Kim, Aeri,Kim, Min-Young,Park, Kun-Hyan Oxford University Press 2012 DNA research Vol.19 No.3

<P>Although pioneering sequencing projects have shed light on the boxer and poodle genomes, a number of challenges need to be met before the sequencing and annotation of the dog genome can be considered complete. Here, we present the DNA sequence of the Jindo dog genome, sequenced to 45-fold average coverage using Illumina massively parallel sequencing technology. A comparison of the sequence to the reference boxer genome led to the identification of 4 675 437 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, including 3 346 058 novel SNPs), 71 642 indels and 8131 structural variations. Of these, 339 non-synonymous SNPs and 3 indels are located within coding sequences (CDS). In particular, 3 non-synonymous SNPs and a 26-bp deletion occur in the <I>TCOF1</I> locus, implying that the difference observed in cranial facial morphology between Jindo and boxer dogs might be influenced by those variations. Through the annotation of the Jindo olfactory receptor gene family, we found 2 unique olfactory receptor genes and 236 olfactory receptor genes harbouring non-synonymous homozygous SNPs that are likely to affect smelling capability. In addition, we determined the DNA sequence of the Jindo dog mitochondrial genome and identified Jindo dog-specific mtDNA genotypes. This Jindo genome data upgrade our understanding of dog genomic architecture and will be a very valuable resource for investigating not only dog genetics and genomics but also human and dog disease genetics and comparative genomics.</P>

간암을 동반한 윌슨병(Wilson`s disease)1 예

김철,김은주,김대중,김홍수,이문호,김선주,박상흠,정일권,남기룡 대한소화기학회 1999 대한소화기학회지 Vol.33 No.3

Wilson's disease is an autosomal inherited disorder of copper metabolism; impaired copper excretion into the bile leads to copper accumulation in liver, brain and other organ. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has rarely been reported as a sequele of Wilson' s disease. It has been shown experimentally that copper has an inhibitory effect on the factors responsible for HCC development in rats, and the low prevalance of HCC in case with Wilson' s disease may result from hepatic copper deposition which has been postulated to have a protective effect against hepatic oncogenesis. The clinica features of these cases are characterized by relatively advanced age at diagnosis, the presence of cirrhosis and a male predominance. It is suggested that hepatic copper content in the patient with Wilson' s disease who was treated with penicillamine and subsequently developed HCC may be decreased toward a nonprotective range in response to penicillamine therapy. We report the one case of patient with Wilson' s disease combined with HCC.

α-Lipoic acid attenuates vascular calcification <i>via</i> reversal of mitochondrial function and restoration of Gas6/Axl/Akt survival pathway

Kim, Hyunsoo,Kim, Han-Jong,Lee, Kyunghee,Kim, Jin-Man,Kim, Hee Sun,Kim, Jae-Ryong,Ha, Chae-Myeong,Choi, Young-Keun,Lee, Sun Joo,Kim, Joon-Young,Harris, Robert A,Jeong, Daewon,Lee, In-Kyu Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Vol.16 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Vascular calcification is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease and leads to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although several reports have implicated mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease, little is known about the potential role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the process of vascular calcification. This study investigated the effect of α-lipoic acid (ALA), a naturally occurring antioxidant that improves mitochondrial function, on vascular calcification <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. Calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with inorganic phosphate (Pi) exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, as demonstrated by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, the disruption of mitochondrial structural integrity and concurrently increased production of reactive oxygen species. These Pi-induced functional and structural mitochondrial defects were accompanied by mitochondria-dependent apoptotic events, including release of cytochrome <I>c</I> from the mitochondria into the cytosol, subsequent activation of caspase-9 and -3, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation. Intriguingly, ALA blocked the Pi-induced VSMC apoptosis and calcification by recovery of mitochondrial function and intracellular redox status. Moreover, ALA inhibited Pi-induced down-regulation of cell survival signals through the binding of growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6) to its cognate receptor Axl and subsequent Akt activation, resulting in increased survival and decreased apoptosis. Finally, ALA significantly ameliorated vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB>-induced aortic calcification and mitochondrial damage in mice. Collectively, the findings suggest ALA attenuates vascular calcification by inhibiting VSMC apoptosis through two distinct mechanisms; preservation of mitochondrial function <I>via</I> its antioxidant potential and restoration of the Gas6/Axl/Akt survival pathway.</P>

Ultrasound Characteristics of The Abdominal Muscle Thickness during Prone Hip Extension Test in Subjects with and without Lower Back Pain

Eui-Ryong Kim,Byeong-Jin Kim,Won-Nyeong Cho,Min-Joo Ko 한국임상움직임치료학회 2023 한국임상움직임치료학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Background Deep abdominal muscles have a stabilizing role in the lumbo-pelvic region both increasing intra-abdominal pressure and lateral tension on thoracolumbar fascia. Prone hip extension (PHE) is commonly used as a reliable self-perturbation task to test lumbopelvic stability. To our knowledge, no study has directly evaluated abdominal muscle thickness with and without lower back pain (LBP) using ultrasound measurements during the PHE test. Objectives The purpose of the present study is to investigate the changes in the thickness of the trans-verse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) during PHE using USI in subjects with and without LBP. Methods Seventy-three subjects (37 with LBP, 36 without LBP) were allocated. Three repeated ultra-sound imaging (USI) measurements were recorded in the prone resting position and during the PHE test in a day. Ultrasonography was used to determine the task-related changes in the thickness of abdominal muscles at resting and during the PHE test. Results The muscle thickness of the TrA and IO in the LBP group was significantly lower compared to without the LBP group during the PHE test (p < 0.05). While, the muscle thickness of the EO in the LBP group was significantly greater compared to without the LBP group during the PHE test (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings indicate that Individuals with LBP was lower muscle thickness of TrA and IO and greater muscle thickness of EO compared to the without LBP group. The findings of this study may be useful data for comparing the effects before and after exercise on muscle thickness of TrA, IO, and EO in LBP and planning treatment.

Poster Session : PS 1241 ; Pulmonology : Massive Barium Sulfate Aspiration in Patient with Multiple Comorbidities : A Case Report

( Hae Ryong Yun ),( Joo Han Song ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Se Kyu Kim ),( Kyung Soo Chung ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Barium sulfate is a relatively insoluble salt of barium used as a radiographic contrast medium. A barium swallowing test is generally safe, but aspiration is well-reported complication during upper gastrointestinal contrast material studies. Especially massive aspiration of barium is potentially life-threatening because of mechanical interference with gas exchange. The overall mortality rate of massive barium aspiration is approximately 30% and exceeds 50% in patient with initial shock or apnea, secondary pneumonia, or adult respiratory distress syndrome. Predisposing factors for the occurrence of aspiration can include any conditions affecting the functional integrity of the oropharyngeal and esophageal segments such as old age, disordered swallowing, neuromuscular dysfunction, alcoholism, head and neck cancer and psychological illness. We hereby report a fatal case of large amount of barium aspiration in an elderly patient. 66-year-old man with a history of Grave`s disease, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, congestive heart failure and mitral valve replacement was admitted to treat thyrotoxicosis. And he underwent a radiographic contrast study with barium sulfate because of dysphagia about semi-solid food. During upper gastrointestinal radiographic contrast study, he was abruptly aspirated with large amount of barium, resulting in hypoxemic respiratory failure. Chest X-ray showed endobronchial deposition of barium sulfate in whole lung. A bronchoscopy was carried out but failed to remove aspirated barium. Unfortunately, he progressed to the multiple organ dysfunction syndromes and died shortly thereafter despite of treatment with fiuid resuscitation, vasoactive agents, antibiotics, ventilator and renal replacement support. Barium swallow study is a good diagnostic tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia. However its complication can be fatal for an elderly patient with multiple comorbidities. We suggest clinicians should consider other methods instead of upper gastrointestinal radio contrast study with barium sulfate in these patients.

Predictive performance of the new race-free Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations for kidney outcome in Korean patients with chronic kidney disease

( Hyoungnae Kim ),( Young Youl Hyun ),( Hae-ryong Yun ),( Young Su Joo ),( Yaeni Kim ),( Ji Yong Jung ),( Jong Cheol Jeong ),( Jayoun Kim ),( Jung Tak Park ),( Tae-hyun Yoo ),( Shin-wook Kang ),( Kook 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.4

Background: The new Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations without a race coefficient have gained recognition across the United States. We aimed to test whether these new equations performed well in Korean patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: This study included 2,149 patients with CKD G1-G5 without kidney replacement therapy from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with CKD (KNOW-CKD). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the new CKD-EPI equations with serum creatinine and cystatin C. The primary outcome was 5-year risk of kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT). Results: When we adopted the new creatinine equation [eGFR_cr (NEW)], 81 patients (23.1%) with CKD G3a based on the current creatinine equation (eGFR_cr) were reclassified as CKD G2. Accordingly, the number of patients with eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m² decreased from 1,393 (64.8%) to 1,312 (61.1%). The time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for 5-year KFRT risk was comparable between the eGFR_cr (NEW) (0.941; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.922-0.960) and eGFRcr (0.941; 95% CI, 0.922-0.961). The eGFR_cr (NEW) showed slightly better discrimination and reclassification than the eGFR_cr. However, the new creatinine and cystatin C equation [eGFR_cr-cys (NEW)] performed similarly to the current creatinine and cystatin C equation. Furthermore, eGFR_cr-cys (NEW) did not show better performance for KFRT risk than eGFR_cr (NEW). Conclusion: Both the current and the new CKD-EPI equations showed excellent predictive performance for 5-year KFRT risk in Korean patients with CKD. These new equations need to be further tested for other clinical outcomes in Koreans.