동씨침을 시술한 안면경련의 치험 3례

김태우,김효은,조명제,강영화,이재동,Kim, Tae-woo,Kim, Hyo-eun,Cho, Myung-je,Kang, Young-hwa,Lee, Jae-dong 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Objective : Hemifacial spasm is painless uncommon disorder characterized by involuntary paroxysmal movement of one side of face, In this study, the effect of Dong-Si acupuncture therapy for three patients with hemifacial spasm were evaluated. Methods : We have treated them with acupuncture treatment of Dong-Si acupuncture points(Cheuk-Samni and Cheuk-ha-Samni) and evaluated the effect by Scott's scale, For the first two weeks, it was dine once a day, and after two weeks, the other day. Results : Before therapy, the grades of spasm intensity classified by Scott's description in three cases were 3. And after Dong-Si acupuncture therapy, the grade of one case was 0, and two cases were 1. Conclusion : The Dong-Si acupuncture therapy for hemifacial spasm was effective and will be attempted to the patients with it.

하악 제3대구치의 존재여부 및 매복양상이 하악 우각부 골절과 과두 골절의 발생에 미치는 영향

이영주(Young-Joo Lee),송윤정(Yun-Jung Song),홍순민(Soon-Min Hong),채상식(Sang-Sik Chae),강현우(Hyeon-Woo Kang),최동주(Dong-Ju Choi),박준우(Jun-Woo Park) 대한치과의사협회 2012 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.50 No.9

Purpose : This study evaluated the impact of the presence and aspect of mandibular third molars to the mandible angle fracture or condyle fractures in Korean. Materials and Methods : A retrospective study was designed for patients attending the division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kang-dong sacred heart hospital for treatment of mandibular fracture from January 2006 to September 2010. The primary variable was the presence of mandibular third molar and the secondary variable was the aspects of third molar impaction. Mandibular third molars were classified by the impaction depth and the available space as Pell & Gregory system. Outcome variables were the presence of mandibular angle fracture or condyle fracture. Also the source of trauma, age, sex were studied. Hospital charts, radiographs were used for study. Statistic analysis was done with descriptive statistics, the X2-test, linear-bylinear association. P value under 0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results : The number of involved patients was 86. The ratio of male to female patients was about 9:1 for angle fracture and 7:3 for condyle fracture. The most common source of trauma was assault for angle fracture and fall down for condyle fracture. The presence of mandibular third molar increased frequency of angle fracture and decreased condyle fracture with larger impaction depth. But available space of mandibular third molar did not show high association with angle or condyle fractures. Conclusion : Preventive extraction of mandibular third molar is recommended for patients with high risk of angle fracture. Male patients at their third decade or martial artists, police officer could be the case. But it is not recommended for patients with low risk of angle fracture and high risk of condyle fracture relatively. Elder female patients without any symptom on their third molar could be the case.

표면근전도와 전자각도기를 이용한 자동차 부품 조립작업 위험요인 평가

강동묵,이철호,,신용철,김은아,우지훈,조병만,이수일 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: As automobile part manufacturing is characterized by high speed and high repetition, observation methods which are usually utilized for static posture are inappropriate to evaluate musculoskeleatal risk factors. This study quantified the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders on the forearm and suggested exposure limits by estimating the risk factors using surface electromyography (EMG) and electrogoniometer. Methods: Ten percent of the total workers at 3 automobile part manufacturing factories were randomly selected, and 99 male workers were recruited as study subjects. The study was conducted during May 2003 to September 2004. The workers were equipped with electrogoniometers on the wrist and the elbow, surface EMGs on the skin of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscles, and the heart beat recorder during work as indicators of joint movement, local muscle tension and physical work load, respectively. Results: After controlling for age, body mass index and job stress, wrist flexion maximum angle, FDS relative activity (RA) and ECR RA were significantly associated with forearm musculoskeletal symptoms. The odds ratios of the forearm were 5.0(95% CI: 1.1-22.7), 14.0(95% CI: 1.5-128.8) and 7.3(95% CI: 1.1-49.4) for wrist flexion maximum angle more than 76˚, FDS RA more than 2.8%, and ECR RA more than 3.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Joint angle and focal muscle activity were associated with forearm musculoskeletal symptoms. To reduce forearm musculoskeletal symptoms among automobile part manufacturers, the wrist flexion angle, and FDS and ECR activity need to be reduced below the guidelines recommended in this study.

유자 중 limonoid 화합물의 정량 및 분리정제에 관한 연구

우강용,하정욱,우동균 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

남해안에서 생산되는 유자의 씨와 과피중의 limonoid 함량을 HPLC (Spectra Physics 8800, U.S.A)에 의하여 분석 정량해 보았다. Limonoid 화합물 중 limonin과 nomilin은 methanol과 acetone에 의해 비교적 추출이 용이하였으며, acetone과 acetonitrile에 의해서 naringin이 거의 추출되지 않았으나 methanol에 의해서는 상당히 많은 양이 추출되었다. 유자씨에는 107.4mg%의 limonin과 85.39mg%의 nomilin이 함유되어 있으나, 유자 과피중에는 0.05mg%의 limonin과 0.034mg%의 nomilin이 함유되어 있었다. Amberite XAD-2 칼럼상에서 naringin 이 초기에 용출된 다음 100∼150㎖ 사이에서 limonin이 그리고 200∼250㎖ 사이에서 nomilin이 각가 최대의 용출율을 나타냄으로서 limonin과 nomilin의 분리정제 가능성이 확인되었다. Seeds and sarcocarp of citron from the southern part of Korean peninsula were analyzed for limonoid content by HPLC (Spectra Physics 8800, U.S.A) with the Nova-pak C18 column. Limonin and nomilin were well extracted by methanol and acetone, respectively, and little naringin was extracted by acetone or acetonitrile, but extracted in great quantity by methanol. Citron seeds contained 107.4 mg% of limonin and 85.39 mg% fo nomilin, and citron sarcocarp had 50 ppm of limonin and 34 ppm of nomilin. On the Amberite XAD-2 column naringin was elured at first, and then limonin and nomilin were eluted between 100㎖ and 150㎖, and between 200㎖ and 250㎖, respectively.

마이크로 광 조형 기술을 이용하여 미세 유체 시스템을 개발하기 위한 가상 조립 공정의 개발

강현욱,이인환,조동우 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

As it is difficult to construct a micro-fluidic system composed of micro-mixers, micro-channels and/or micro-chambers in a single process, an assembly process is typically used. The assembling and bonding of micro-parts, however, introduces other problems. In this work, a virtual assembly process was developed that can be used to design various micro-fluidic systems before actual fabrication commences. In the process, the information required for the micro-stereolithography process is generated automatically. Consequently, complex micro-fluidic systems can be fabricated in a single process, thereby avoiding the need for additional assembly or bonding processes. Using the developed process, several examples were fabricated.

2차원 Dilaton-중력 이론의 표준 양자화

강동식,강정우,박규은 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1994 科學敎育 Vol.11 No.1

The quantization of the 2-dimensional Dilaton-Gravity theory on a compact spatial section is carried out in a canonical method. The wave function is obtained for a homogeneous & isotropic universe.

生物敎科書에 나오는 植物種類와 鎭海市 初·中·高等學校 庭園樹木과의 比較

姜東萬,鄭宇珪,成敏雄 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1989 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.5 No.-

학교 정원의 교재원화를 위한 기초조사로써 1984년 3월부터 1988년 10월까지 국민학교 자연, 중학교 과학, 고등학교 생물 교과서에 출현하는 관다발식물과 진해시내 19개 초·중·고등학교의 정원에 식재되어 있는 수목의 종류와 빈도 등을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 생물 교과서에 출현하는 전체 관다발 식물은 91과 182속 192종 21변종 1품종 총 214종이었다. 이들 중에는 국민학교 33종 중학교 63종 고등학교에 208종이 포함되었다. 생물 교과서에 나오는 목본 식물은 전체 37과, 58속, 68종, 8변종 1품종 총 77종이었고 이들 중에는 국민학교 8종, 중학교 22종, 고등학교에 73종이 포함되었다. 2. 생물 교과서에 나오는 관다발 식물의 총빈도는 1576이고 국민학교 238, 중학교 268, 고등학교 1074였다. 종당 평균 출현회수는 전체 74회, 국민학교 7.2회, 중학교 7.2회 고등학교 2.5회였다. 3. 진해시내 19개 학교 정원에 식재되어 있는 수목은 전체 53과 96속 126종 33변종 6품종 총 165종이었고 10개 국민학교에 139종, 4개 중학교에 77종, 5개 고등학교에 114종이 식재되어 있었다. 4. 10개교에 식재된 종의 총빈도는 1019이고 종당 평균빈도는 6.2였다. 전체 학교에 식재된 수목은 개입깔나무, 가이쓰카 향나무, 둥근향나무, 장미, 회양목, 무궁화, 사철나무, 개나리의 8종이고 은행, 편백, 서리화백, 측백, 두꺼운 잎유카, 버짐나무, 왕벚나무, 꽝꽝나무, 단풍나무, 동백, 아왜나무 11종이 빈도 80%이상이었다. 5. 19개교의 총개체수는 24531주, 학교당 평균 개체수는 1291주, 국민학교 1562주, 중학교 1445.5주, 고등학교 625.8주였다. 종당 평균 개체수는 전체학교에서 148.7주, 국민학교 112.4주, 중학교 75주, 고등학교 27.4주였다. 1000주 이상 식재된 수목은 측백(4075), 개나리(1986), 사철나무(1915), 연산홍(1730), 무궁화(1509), 편백(1295), 둥근향나무(1112), 회양목(1043)이었고 이들 8종이 전체의 43.2%를 차지하였다. 나자식물이 종수에 있어 21.2%, 개체수에 있어 43.0% 였고 상록수가 종수에 있어 43.0%, 개체수에 있어 74.2%였다. 6. 19개교의 총종수는 165종이고 학교당 평균 종수는 53.4종이었고 국민학교 59.8종, 중학교 37.2종 , 고등학교 53.6종이었다. 가장 종수가 많은 학교는 진해 고등학교로 84종이었고, 가장 적은 학교는 진해종합고등학교로 21종이었다. 7. 진해시 학교 정원에 식재된 수목 165종중 생물 교과서에 나오는 수종은 46종으로 관다발 식물의 21.0%, 수목의 59.7%였다. 그러나 생물 교과서에 나오는 식물중에서 학교 정원에 식재되어 있는 학교당 평균 종수는 국민학교 4.6종, 중학교 3.2종, 고등학교 12종이었다. 이 수치는 생물 교과서에 나오는 목본식물의 수에 각각 57.5%, 14.1%, 16.4% 였고, 관다발식물의 수에 비해 각각 13.9%, 5.1%, 5.8%에 해당하였다. 8. 진해시 학교 정원에 식재된 수목은 교육적 기능보다는 관상 위주로 식재되었고 침엽수와 상록수가 지나치게 많이 식재되어 적절한 조정이 필요하다. This paper was carried out to investigate the kinds of vascular plants and their frequencies appearing in the books of the elementary school; "wise life" and "nature". in the books of the high school; "biology". These investigations were compared the kinds of the garden trees and their frequencies of 10 elementary. 4 middle. and 5 high schools and total 19 schools in chinhae city and the vasular plants writtern in the biology text books as a basic research for the teaching gardenization of school gardens from March. 1984 to August. 1988. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The biology text books appeared total 214 kinds of the vascular plants. According to classification, they were 91 families, 182 genera, 192 species, 21 varieties , and 1 forma. These consisted of 33 kinds in the books of the elementary school; "wise life" and "nature " , 63 kinds in the books of the middle school; "general science", and 208 kinds in the books of the high school; "biology". In all the biology text books the woody plants were total 77 kinds or 37 families, 58 genera, 68species, 8 varieties, and 1 form. Among them, the woody plants of 8 kinds in the elementary school, 22 kinds in the middle school, and 73 kinds in the high school were contained. 2. Total frequency of vascular plants appearing in the biology text books was 1576 times. Among them, the vascular plants of 238 times in the elementary school, 268 times in the middle school, and 1074 times in the high school appeared. Average frequency per species was 74 times in total species of all the biology text books, 7.2 times in the wise life and nature text books of the elementary school, 7.2 times in the general science text books of the middle school, 2.5 times in the biology text books of the high school. 3. The woody plants in school garden in Chinhae city were 165 kinds. According to classification, they were 53 families, 96 genera, 126 species, 33 varieties, and 6 forma in the gardens of total 19 schools. The woody plants of 139 kinds in the gardens of 10 elementary schools, 77 kinds in the gardens of 4 middle schools, and 114 kinds in the gardens of 5 high schools were planted. 4. Total frequency of kinds planted in 19 schools and average frequency per species was 1019 times 6.2 times. The woody plants appearing in the garden of schools were 8 kinds of Cedrus deodara, Juniperus chinensis var. kaizuka, J. chinensis var. globosa, Rosa hybrida. Puxus microphylla var, koreana, Hibiscus syriacus, Euonymus japonca, and Forsythia koreana, 11 kinds of Ginkgo biloba, Chamaecyparis obtus, C. pisifera var. squarrosa, Thuja orientalis, Yucca recurrifolia, Platanus orientalis, Prunus yedoensis, Ilex crenata var. microphylla, Acerplantanum var. palmatum, Camella japonica, and Viburnum aieabuki were 80% or over in frequency appearing in the gardens of 19 schools. 5. Total individuals appearing in the gardens of 19 schools were 24531 trees. Average individual number per school was 1291 trees in all the schools, 1562 trees in the elementary schools, 14455 trees in the middle schools, and 625.8 in the high schools. Average individual number per species was 148.7 trees in all the schools, 112.4 trees in the elementary schools, 75 trees in the middle school and 27.4 trees in the high schools. The greatest individual number among 19 schools in Chinhae city was 3994 in Daeya elementary school. The smallest individual number among 19 schools in Chinhae city was 271 in Chinhae comprehensive senior high school. 6. The woody plants appearing 1000 trees or over in the gardens of 19 schools were T. orientalis(4075), F. koreana(1986), E. japonica(1915), Rhododendron obusum(1730), H.syriacus(1509), C. obtus(1294), J.chinensis var. globosa(1112), and P. microphylla var. koreana(1043). These 8 species were 43.2% of total individual number. The ever green trees appeared 43.0% in the species numbers and 74.2% in the individual number. 7. The woody plants in all the school garden were 165 species in total. Average species number in each school were 53.4 species in total schools, 59.8 species in the elementary schools, 37.2 species in the middle schools, and 53.6species in the high schools. The greatest species number among 19 schools in Chinhae city was 84 species in Chinhae senior high school. The smallest species number among 19 schools was 21 species in Chinhae comprehensive senior high school. The woody plants appearing in the biology text books among 165 species growing in the school gardens in Chinhae city were 46 species. These species numbers were under 21.0% of vascular plants and 59.7%of woody plants appearing in the biology text books. These species number of the woody plants growing in 19 school gardens among the woody plants appearing in the biology text books were 4.6 species in the elementary schools, 3.2 species in the middle schools, and 12 species in the high schools. These species numbers were under 57.7%, 14.1%, and 16.4% in the numbers of woody plants of the biology text books and 13.9%, 5.1% and 5.8% in the number of vascular plants of the biology text books. 8. The authors could find out that the plants planted in the school garden were not suitable to use for the teaching material plants because of planting only the woody plants of school garden for landscape rather than plants for teaching materials. Therefore some of the improvement for the teaching material garden of school were issused in the discussion.

시효전 템퍼링처리가 페라이트계 내열강의 미세조직과 기계적 성질에 미치는 영향

강창룡,김재환,김익수,서장현,배동수,이해우 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.5

This study investigated the effect of the tempering before aging on the precipitation of Laves phase and mechanical properties of 10Cr-6W and 10Cr-6W-3Co ferritic heat-resistant steels. Laves phase was precipitated by aging, which increase tensile strength but decreased elongation and impact value. Toughness was rapidly decreased by the presence of the very fine disk-like Laves phase precipitated at early aging stage. Strength and impact value were decreased by tempering treatment and that is due to the increase of the particle number per unite area and to larger particle size of Laves phase. Laves phase increased by adding Co, and consequently strength was increased and elongation and toughness were decreased. (Received February 26, 2004)

단순 스무딩 스플라인 함수 추정

강상길,이우동,윤용화,김종태 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學 Vol.2 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 선형 스무딩 스플라인에 대한 단순하고 구체화된 형태를 제안하고, 구체화된 선형 스무딩 스플라인 형태를 통하여 스무딩 스플라인의 특성을 이해하고는 어떻게 비모수 함수 추정량의 도구로서 사용될 수 있는지를 보인다. 또한 예제를 통하여 다른 비모수적 추정량들과 비교하였다. In this paper, we give simple and closed form of linear smoothing spline. Through the form, we understand the characteristics of smoothing spline, and show that how the smoothing spline can be used as a tool for estimator of nonparametric functin. And an example is given for comparison of our esttimator with another nonparametric estimators.

S-P표를 이용한 학습평가자료의 작성과 활용

강동진,정원우 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1997 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.21 No.-

ISM and S-P table method is a widely used as a learning evaluation model at JAPAN. This method is fit to make a constructing of learning plan, learning evaluation, analysis of problem and student's record, and guidence of learning. In this paper, We implimented this method in science study of middle school with the process and details. and suggested a framing and practical use of learning evaluation materials by using S-P table.