Flangeless Esser PET Phantom 영상 자동 분석 프로그램의 유용성 평가

남궁창경,남기표,김경식,김정선,임기천,신상기,조시만,동경래,NamGung, Chang-Kyeong,Nam, Ki-Pyo,Kim, Kyeong-Sik,Kim, Jeong-Seon,Lim, Ki-Cheon,Shin, Sang-Ki,Cho, Shee-Man,Dong, Kyung-Rae 대한핵의학기술학회 2009 핵의학 기술 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: ACR (American College of Radiology) offers variable parameters to PET/CT quality control by using ACR Phantom. ACR Phantom was made to evaluate parameters which are uniformity, attenuation, scatter, contrast and resolution. Manual analysis method wasn't good for the use of QC because values of parameter were changed as it may user and it takes long time to analysis. Ki-Chun Lim, a nuclear scientist in AMC, developed program that automatically analysis values of parameter by using ACR Phantom to overcome above problems. In this study, we evaluated automatic analysis program's usability, through the comparing SUV of each method, reproducibility of SUV when repeated analysis and the time required. Materials and Methods: Using Flangeless Esser PET Phantom, the ideal ratio of 4 : 1 hot cylinder and BKG but it actually showed a ratio of 3.89 to 1 hot cylinder and BKG. SIEMENS Biograph True Point 40 was used in this study. We obtained images using ACR phantom at Fusion WB PET Scan condition (2 min/bed) and 120 kV, 100 mAs CT condition. Using True X method, 3 iterations, 14 subsets, Gaussian filter, FWHM 4 mm and Zoom Factor 1.0, $168{\times}168$ image size. We obtained Max. & Min. SUV and SUV Mean values at Cylinder (8, 12, 16, 25 mm, Air, Bone, Water, BKG) by automatic program and obtained SUV by manual method. After that, we compared manual and automatic method. we estimate the time required from opened the image data to final work sheet was completed. Results: Automatic program always showed same result and same the time required. At 8, 12, 16 and 25 m cylinder, manual method showed 6.69, 3.46, 2.59, 1.24 CV values. The larger cylinder size became, the smaller CV became. In manual method, bone, air, water's CV were over 9.9 except BKG (2.32). Obtained CV of Mean SUV showed BKG was low (0.85) and bone was high (7.52). The time required was 45 second, 882 second respectably. Conclusions: As a result of difference automatic method and manual method, automatic method showed always same result, manual method showed that the smaller hot cylinders became, the lager CV became. Hot cylinders mean region size, the smaller hot cylinder size becomes we had some trouble in doing ROI poison setting. And it means increase in variation of SUV. The Study showed the time required of automatic method was shorten then manual method.

Rohrer지수에 의한 한국과 중국 연변지역 조선족 아동의 체격비교

남은우,박기만,배성권 韓國學校保健學會 1996 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

This paper was performed to comparative study with the children's body strength status of Ethinc Korean in China and Korea. The subjects of this study were the students of each elementary school located in a rural and a urban areas in China. To compared the elvel of their body strength status, we investigated to the students of 2 elementary schools as comparative group on Kojae Area in Korea. We used student's physical record in the school. The contents of the study were the body weight, the chest circumstance, and the body height of the subjects. To make out the level of the students' physique, we measured by Rohrer Index output through above body height and body weight of them. The results of this were as follows; 1. In the case of Ethinc Korean in China, the average body weight(kilogram) is 28.94±6.68 in male 28.51±7.58 in famels. Comparatively, the average body weight in the case Korean is 31.99±7.23 in male and 31.74 ±7.82 in female. The average body height of Ethnic Korean is inferior about 2~5 Kilograms to that of Korean. 2. The average chest circumstance(centimeter) is 63.51±5.21 in male 63.05±5.87 in female of Ethinc Korean, 65.54±6.43 in male and 64.57±7.81 in female of Korean. Compared to between two group, the average chest circumstance of Ethinc Korean is inferior about 2~4 centimeters to that of Korean. 3. The average body height(centimeter) of Ethinc Korean is 135.28±8.96 in male 134.82±9.74 in female, and that of Korean is 136.68±9.12 in male and 136.10±9.92 in female. Like the preceding below results, the average body height of Ethinc Korean is inferior about 2~5 centimeters to that of Korean. 4. Compared to the fullness degree of physique between two group using Rohrer Index, Ethinc Korean is thiner than Korean. 5. Temporary, in case of children from 10 to 12 years old, female is superior to male through the index contained of the body weight, the chest circumstance, and the body height. It seems that female and male had different maximum growth age.

중학교 남자 테니스 선수의 운동기능수준별 시합 전 경쟁상태불안

남인수,최인태,전중기,윤재만,고성경,이종삼,임승현 대구대학교 인문과학연구소 2008 人文科學硏究 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is any difference in the level of competitive state anxiety according to the level of motor skill before the game and to provide the players with basic data for the mental practice. The subjects of this study consist of 20 men's a middle school tennis players. The experimental group was divided into superior players group and inferior players group. And then by using a CSAI-2 questionnaire, three subfactors of competitive state anxiety, or cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety and state self-confidence were measured. The method of measurement was carried out three times, or one week, one day and two hours before the game. The results of this study were as follows. First, About both cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, inferior players were significantly higher than superior players. Second, About state self-confidence, superior players were significantly higher than inferior players. Third, As the game was around, both cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety which all the players including superior and inferior players had increased. But the state self-confidence of all players decreased.

관절염 환자의 실태와 관련요인에 대한 분석적 연구

정승기,남철현,신두만,양숙희,김기열,이미경,문기내 대한보건협회 2002 대한보건연구 Vol.28 No.3

This study was conducted to examine the condition of patients with arthritis and its related factors. Data were collected from 100 people who suffered from arthritis in Seoul. Busan, Daegu, Daejun, Junjoo, and pohang from April 2, 2000 to July 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. 6L0% of the subjects were female. The incidence rate of arthritis was higher in the higher age group, lower educated group, and thinner group. In case of male, the incidence rate was higher in the groups of single, residents in big cities, and technicians. In case of female, it was higher in the groups of the married, residents in towns or villages, and housewives. 2. According to the parts of arthritis, knee joint covered 67.4% and backspine joint covered 9.0%. The incidence rate of arthritis was higher in the groups of forties, housewives, single, irreligious people, residents in towns and villages, primary school graduates, thin people, and walk exercisers. 3. The arthritis patients felt pain most when they stood up (31.5%). According to the time when they felt pain most, the time when they were active during daytime was 31.5% and nighttime was 29.8%. When they got up in the morning was 22.4%, while 10.9% felt pain all cay long. 4. they had arthralgia knees and cramp in crook of the knees (21.8%). Their knees ticked when they moved (21.1%). The had to rest hands on anyplace when they stood up (18.7%) and they could not completely unfold their knees. 5. The medical institutions which diagnosed them showed significant difference in the variables of sex, age, marital status, religion, place in residence, education level, economic status, obesity level, exercise, parts of arthritis, and posture of feeling pain. from above results, it can be concluded that it is necessary to develop appropriate medical treatment on the basis of the respondents' socio-democraphic characteristics, pain parts, period of having a pain, satisfaction level with treatment and its related factors. Therefore, related professionals and organizations must develop education program for prevention of arthritis in order to educate them.

Zymomonas mobilis CP 3를 이용한 연속식 에칠알콜 제조에 효모 추출물과 옥수수 씨눈 추출물이 미치는 영향

金男紀,姜元萬 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

By the protection effect of some nutrients in yeast extract and corn germ extract from the inhibitions of substrate and products and increased cell mass, higher ethyl alcohol productivity can be obtained by using lower than 1% yeast extract and 0.33% corn germ extract concentration, likewise a soluble protein, lipid, soy flour extract, and the mixture of protein and lipid, in continuous ethyl alcohol production system by Zymomonas mobilis CP 3. At 0.2% yeast extract and 0.33% corn germ extract, the maximum selling price of produced ethyl alcohol per unit cost of added materials was shown and the maximum increased rate of ethyl alcohol concentration was obtained at 0.6% yeast extract and 0.33% corn germ extract. Ethyl alcohol yield was changed only a little but cell yield was generally increased by increasing in the concentration of yeast extract in this study.

Ti 鎔接材의 機械的 特性 및 殘留應力의 分布에 關한 硏究

최병기,장경천,국중민,정장만,구남열 한국산업안전학회 2003 한국안전학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The objective of this paper was to investigate the welding characteristics according to the restraint condition, the pass number, and the shield gas quantity with titanium commonly using in power stations, aircrafts, ships, and so forth. The residual stress distribution was measured under restraint and nonrestraint welding conditions. The tensile strength and elongation of the 4 pass welded specimen were shown higher about 10% and 30% than those of the 7 pass welded specimen at the same welding conditions respectably. Also, the more shield gas quantity and the shorter natural cooling time, the higher tensile strength and the lower elongation.

유동층 생물반응기의 구조변화에 따른 하수처리

박종만,이재용,김철경,고창웅,김남기 대한상하수도학회 2004 상하수도학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the biofilm reactors capable of doing high efficiency treatment. Vertical fluidized bed biofilm reactor(VFBBR) and spiral fluidized bed biofilm reactor(SFBBR) was used for their performence in biodegradation of artificial sewage. The factors influencing the efficiency of those reactors were compared with difference of physical condition. They had same size but different structure to gain access of its unique characteristics. When recycle solution with flow rate of 22 mL/min and artificial sewage with flow rate of 2-10 mL/min were fed into two reactors in aerobic state, the average COD, removal rate for biodegradation of SFBBR was greater than VFBBR. After reactor feed sewage was constantly maintained as flow rate of 4 rnL/min and the recycle solution were changed to 10-32 mL/min respectively, the average COD,, removal rate of artificial sewage in SFBBR was greater than VFBBR. In this experiment for addition of support media into two reactors SFBBR was 4.1% excellent than VFBBR. Above all, SFBBR excelled VWBR in boidegradation of organic matter in sewage.

建築工業敎育科 敎育改善에 관한 硏究 : 敎育課程을 中心으로 Focused on the development of curriculum

李昌甲,朴萬植,延吉煥,崔武革,李基男 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1981 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

Due to the radical change of society and the technological innovation, it is inevitable to rearrange the educational objective of the Department of Architectural Engineering Education and to reorganize the curriculum responding to the objective. In this study, all the current curricula of architectural institutions have been analized to identify problems, and the educational objective of the department of architectural engineering education have been established based on the objective of the College of Industrial Education. As the result of the above studies, the model curriculum for the major subjects have been developed in order to have following characteristics. 1. The required subjects were limited to the basic fields in order to cover the education in the technical high school. 2. The elective subjects were organized into three fields, namely, architecture, structural engineering, and building materials and construction to meet the diversified demands to a possible maximum extent.

Butyl Acetate를 이용한 Ethyl Alcohol의 추출

이용철,강원만,김남기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1989 論文集 Vol.40 No.2

Iso-butyl acetate and sec-butyl acetate were used in this experiment as solvents for the extraction of ethyl alcohol from the range of 5% to 50% ethyl alcohol-water mixture at 50℃ and 80℃. 100%∼400% of them to pure ethyl alcohol(g-solvent/g-ethyl alcohol), were added into ethyl alcohol solution At 50℃, the best effect of iso-butyl acetate and sec-butyl acetate was shown on at 10% ethyl alcohol solution and about 300% of solvent and 20% ethyl alcohol solution and about 300% of solvent respectively. But at 80℃, the best effect of them was shown on at 35% solution and about 400% of iso-butyl acetate and 25% solution and about 400% of sec-butyl acetate more than ethyl alcohol. At higher temperature and ethyl alcohol concentration, iso-butyl acetate was more useful solvent for the extraction cf ethyl alcohol than sec-butyl acetate. Extraction rate was increased with increasing the amount of solvent added into ethyl alcohol solution in the range of 100%∼400% to net ethyl alcohol.

Perceived Stress Levels and Associated Factors in Adult Patients with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma: A Prospective Survey Study

Man Ji(Man Ji),Jin-Soo Kim(Jin-Soo Kim),Sung Uk Baek(Sung Uk Baek),Young Kook Kim(Young Kook Kim),Ki Tae Nam(Ki Tae Nam),Jong Young Lee(Jong Young Lee),Hye Jin Lee(Hye Jin Lee),Jinho Jeong(Jinho Jeong 대한안과학회 2022 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.36 No.5

Purpose: To investigate adult primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients’ perceived stress levels and to examine the associations with their clinical characteristics. Methods: Sixty-seven POAG patients, excluding those meeting the exclusion criteria (retinal or neurological disease diagnoses) comprised the study population. A validated questionnaire, namely Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), was used to assess stress level. Additional data on glaucoma surgery history, medical benefit receipt, comorbidities, and daily antiglaucoma medication number were collected. The clinical characteristics of high (PSS-10 ≥15) and low stress (PSS-10 <15) patients and the risk factors associated with high stress level were subjected to a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: The patients were 56.8 ± 12.6 years of age on average, and 29 (43.3%) were female. The mean PSS-10 level was 13.5 ± 5.3 (range, 1–27) for the entire patient group; 31 patients (46.3%) were in the high stress group. In the high stress group relative to the low stress group, best-corrected visual acuity in the better eye was lower (p = 0.044) and the visual field defects, in both eyes, were more severe (better eye, p = 0.005; worse eye, p = 0.026). A logistic regression analysis indicated that severe visual field defect in the better eye (odds ratio, 1.159; 95% confidence interval, 1.016–1.323; p = 0.028) and lower best-corrected visual acuity in the better eye (odds ratio, 4.707; 95% confidence interval, 0.580–6.189; p = 0.072) were both likely to associated with high stress level in patients with POAG. Conclusions: These findings suggest an association between severe visual function loss and higher mental stress level in POAG patients. Stress level, therefore, might be an important consideration in POAG patient management.