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F-22 Hypersensitivity Reactions to Tuberculosis Drug
( Jinsun Chang ),( Seong Ahn ),( Hong-joon Shin ),( Yu-il Kim ),( Sung-chul Lim ),( Hyeong-won Seo ),( Tae-ok Kim ),( Chul-kyu Park ),( Jung-hwan Lim ),( In-jae Oh ),( Young-chul Kim ),( Yong-soo Kwon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-
Background: Adverse drug reactions to tuberculosis(TB) drugs are common and increase unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Hypersensitivity reactions to TB drug are important and common adverse drug reactions. Little has been studied on this issue. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the clinical data of TB patients with drug hypersensitivity reactions to TB drugs which were demonstrated by drug challenge tests at Chonnam National University Hospital between January 2011 and April 2016. Results: In this study we enrolled a total of 2347 TB patients treated with TB drugs during the study period. Of these patients, 339 patients (14.4 %) had suspected hypersensitivity reactions to TB drugs, and among them hypersensitivity reactions were demonstrated by drug challenge tests in 33 patients (9.7%). Of the 33 patients, 19 patients (57.6%) had single drug hypersensitivity reactions and 14 patients (42.4%) multiple drug hypersensitivity reactions. The median number of TB drugs in multiple drug hypersensitivity reactions was 2.5 (interquartile range, 2.0-3.0). With regard to the causative drugs, rifampin and ethambutol were most common in both single (n=9 [47.4%] concerning rifampin and n=8 [42.1%] concerning ethambutol) and multiple TB drug hypersensitivity reactions (n=9 [64.3%] concerning both drugs). Common clinical manifestations included eosinophilia (72.7%), skin rashes (66.7%), and itching sense (39.4%). Conclusions: Hypersensitivity reactions to TB drugs are common and frequently caused by multiple drugs. Rifampin and ethambutol were the most common drugs causing the reactions.
Toward a Bipolar Apparel GVC? From the Perspective of First-Tier Suppliers
HYUNJI KWON,JINSUN BAE,JOONKOO LEE,SUN WOOK CHUNG 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2021 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.50 No.1
This case study of a Korea-based apparel first-tier supplier examined the evolution of Global Value Chains (GVCs) toward a bi-polar governance structure in the apparel industry, a stronghold of lead-firm dominant and uni-polar chain. It also hypothesized that strategic suppliers" emergence is a necessary condition for the governance transformation towards bipolarity. Company K provides a compelling case to corroborate this hypothesis as it fulfilled a wide array of value chain functions that encourage buyers to form collaborative relationships with them. Our single case study provides a multi-level analysis of how the bi-polarity has emerged (global, industry-level and organizational-level). Its unique contribution to the germane literature is the articulation of organizational strategies that these suppliers undertook to stay cost-competitive while building capability. Supplier upgrading tends to focus on capability building with less regard to how they manage their human resources and ways of working. In this study, we give due attention to organizational changes these first-tier suppliers undertake to secure and improve their positions within GVCs, which holds useful managerial insight for emerging MNEs hoping to do the same.
코일 형상에 따른 전자담배의 열 축적 위험성에 관한 연구
김진선(Jinsun Kim),김성우(Sung-Woo Kim),권성필(Seong-Pil Kwon) 한국화재소방학회 2021 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.35 No.3
본 연구에서는 전자담배의 열 축적 정도와 카르보닐 화합물 생성량에 영향을 미치는 요인들이 연구되었다. 구조적으로 전자담배는 전자회로 장치와 무화기로 구성되어 있다. 무화기 내부에 조립된 코일에 의해 액상이 기화되어열 축적과 카르보닐 화합물 생성이 이루어진다. 코일의 형상에 따른 두 인자 사이의 인과관계가 분석되었다. 무화기내부에 조립된 코일 형상을 X-ray 이미지로 추출해서, 코일 너비의 상대적인 크기에 따라 구분하였다. 그리고 흡·배기 실험을 통하여 열 축적의 정도와 카르보닐 화합물 발생량이 조사되었다. 결과적으로 코일의 상대적 너비, 열 축적의 정도 및 카르보닐 화합물 생성량 간의 관계를 제시하였고, 무화기의 최적 설계를 위해 코일의 상대적 너비를 5이상으로 설정할 것을 제안 하였다. In this study, factors affecting the degree of heat accumulation and amount of carbonyl compound production ofe-cigarettes were studied. Structurally, e-cigarettes consist of an electronic circuit device and a cartomizer. The liquidsolution of the e-cigarette is vaporized by a coil in the cartomizer, where heat accumulation and carbonyl compoundproduction occur. The relationship between the two were analyzed according to the shape of the coil. X-ray images of thecoil shapes within the cartomizer were obtained and classified according to the relative widths of the coils. The degree ofheat accumulation and amount of carbonyl compound generation were examined via inhale and exhale tests. Therelationships among the relative width of the coil, degree of heat accumulation, and amount of carbonyl compoundgeneration were derived. For optimal design of the cartomizer, it is suggested that the relative width of the coil be set toto 5 or more.
이진선(Jinsun Lee),최진혁(Jinhyuk Choi),권혁희(Hyeok Hee Kwon),강준원(Joon Won Kang) 대한소아신경학회 2017 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.25 No.3
Purpose: Paroxysmal non-epileptic event (PNE) is a common seizure-like symptom in children. With regard to therapy, a decrease in iron levels was reported in breathholding spells, but not in other PNEs. The effects of iron supplementation were investigated on various PNEs. Methods: Medical records of patients who visited our clinic with seizure-like symp toms were retrospectively reviewed at Chungnam National University Hospital, from March 2013 to March 2016. Results: A total of 29 patients (65.9%) were boys and 15 (34.1%) were girls. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 39.3 weeks and 3,200 g, respectively. The mean age at the time of visit was 23.5 months. Of the 11 patients who underwent brain imaging, 10 (90.9%) had normal findings and 1 (9.1%) had subdural hemorrhage. An electroencephalogram was performed in 29 patients; 26 of them had normal findings (89.7%), 2 (6.9%) had slow background, and 1 (3.4%) had epileptiform discharges. A total of 31 patients (70.5%) had iron levels lower than 80 µg/dL. Iron supplementation was administered in 4 of the 13 patients with normal iron status and in 21 of the 31 patients with low iron status. A significant improvement in the frequency and severity of symptom was observed in 91.7% of patients who received iron supplementation (P<0.05). Conclusions: Symptoms improved in 80% of patients with PNE, and a higher rate of symptom improvement could be expected with iron supplementation.
A Double-Edged Sword of Strong Ties: The Case of a Korean MNC and its Labor Auditing
SUN WOOK CHUNG,HYUNJI KWON,JINSUN BAE,JOONKOO LEE 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2021 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.50 No.1
This study introduces one Korean multinational corporation and its labor audit process to offer a deeper understanding of a lead firm’s supplier audit on the ground. Specifically, we examine how the close relationship between a buyer company and its suppliers-particularly in the context of partnered foreign expansion-positively and negatively affects its labor audit process, focusing primarily on audit style, coverage, and outcomes. While building on the recent consensus that buyers’ auditing is more likely to benefit from a long-term, capacity-building approach rather than a short-term, policing one, we suggest that this relationship is more complex than the current literature assumes. Examining one Korean MNC’s supplier labor audit, we found that their close, sticky relationship functions as a double-edged sword. On the one hand, this labor audit-which is comprehensive across all labor-related areas-has significantly contributed to improving suppliers’ labor standards through long-term, close interaction. This audit also helped its suppliers reshuffle their HR and labor relations practices. This finding is generally consistent with the positive view of the long-term, capacity-building model in existing literature. However, our findings also demonstrate that this close and sticky relationship can prevent buyer firms from imposing penalties and renders contract termination even more difficult. We also found that, due to their interconnectedness, any problem related to buyer factories can directly cause corresponding problems in supplier factories. In short, by introducing a specific Korean case, this study seeks to advance and enrich the current discussion of corporate-based supplier labor auditing.
Clinical manifestations of headache in children younger than 7 years
Kang, Bu Seon,Lee, Jinsun,Choi, Jin Hyuk,Kwon, Hyeok Hee,Kang, Joon Won The Korean Pediatric Society 2018 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.61 No.11
Purpose: Headache is a common symptom during childhood. It is usually persistent and requires special care. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of headache in children <7 years of age. Methods: We reviewed 3 years of clinical files on children <7 years of age with a chief complaint of headache. Results: This study included 146 children (66 males, 80 females; mean age, $5.5{\pm}1.0years$). Mean symptom duration was $5.8{\pm}7.9months$. Attack durations were longer than 2 hours in 31 patients, shorter than 2 hours in 70 patients, and unchecked in 45 patients. Attack frequency was $15.1{\pm}10.6$ times per month. Pain locations and characteristics were also variable. Mean pain severity score was $5.1{\pm}2.2$ on the visual analog scale. Of 38 patients who underwent electroencephalography, 9 showed positive findings. Of 41 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging, 20 showed positive findings. The diagnoses were migraine (including probable migraine) in 34, tension-type headache in 5, and congenital malformations in 3. Medications were used in 29 patients: acetaminophen in 17, ibuprofen in 8, naproxen sodium in 1, and topiramate or amitriptyline in 3. Conclusion: In children aged <7 years, headache has a relatively benign course, but detailed history taking is needed for more accurate diagnosis.