Production and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in Chitin Catabolic Cascade from a Bacterial Strain Isolated from Soil

( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Jeong In Lee ),( So Yeon Park ),( Yoo Kyeong Jang ),( You Bin Lim ),( Hye Yoon Lee ),( Young Min Jung ),( Hae Chang Lee ),( Jong Hwa Lee ),( Shaheen Amna ),( Jae Kweon Park ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2019 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The present study was aimed to isolate the bacteria producing chitinolytic enzymes including chitin deacetylase (CDA) from soil origin. About 24 bacteria were screened for their chitinolytic enzymes producing ability on the basis of colloidal chitin. Amongst one of the most potent isolates designated to JI-02 was further selected as the most prominent chitinolytic and CDAlike enzyme (CDA-X) producer based on the ability of deacetylation of an artificial substrate pNP-acetamilide. The maximum production of CDA-X in crude enzyme from JI-02 was observed in the presence of 1% colloidal chitin at 37°C and pH 6.4 after 120 h of incubation. Potent enzyme activity of CDA-X was determined toward pNP-acetamilide, demonstrating that optimal pH, temperature and ionic strength of the CDA-X were assessed to be 7.0, 52°C and 125 mM, respectively. Unexpectedly, Nacetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was not fully converted by the action of CDA-X to glucosamine (GlcN) under the established conditions. Further study on enzyme activity toward chitin-oligosaccharides consisting of multi-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)n, n=2-5 may be necessary to elucidate the mode of action which requires the minimum size of (GlcNAc)n. However, our data suggest that CDA-X can convert chitin to chitosan with the maximum yield of approximately 0.08g/L during the fermentation of the strain in the presence of chitin. Furthermore, we found that crude enzyme showed the significant chitosanolytic activity. Taken together, our data suggest that the strain JI-02 may be a potential candidate as a particular strain for better understating of chitin catabolic pathway.

데이터 글러브를 이용한 손 제스처 기반 3차원 게임 구현

유다연,권차욱,곽지민,백화현,김이조,차경애 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2010 情報通信硏究 Vol.7 No.1

데이터 글러브(Data Glove)는 손 제스처를 정의하여 시스템을 제어하는 입력장치로 가상현실기술 및 교육, 의료, 산업분야에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 이는 가상현실 속에 존재하는 사물을 현실에서 제어하게 함으로써 사용자에게 마치 현실 세계의 사물을 제어하는 느낌을 주는 장점을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 이러한 데이터 글러브의 장점을 이용하여 3차원 게임에 적용시키는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 데이터 글러브로 제스처를 정의하고, 트래커(Tracker)와 연동하여 시스템을 구현한다. 구현된 시스템을 실험하기 위해서 OpenGL로 인형 뽑기 게임을 구현하고 사용자가 데이터 글러브를 착용 후 정의된 제스처를 통해 게임을 제어하도록 한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 사용자들에게 좀 더 높은 몰입감을 제공하며, 향후 게임 산업 발전에도 많은 영향을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

손마사지가 허혈성 심질환 환자의 불안에 미치는 효과

현경선,이향련,공송심,윤경자,김현섭,김효남,최지원,김운정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this stuffy was quail-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unfit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blond pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, It Is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.

매복 정도에 따른 대구치 이소맹출의 치험례

이지현,김지연,박기태 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

이소맹출은 치아가 비정상적인 위치나 방향으로 맹출하는 것으로 정의되며 구치부에서는 근심측으로 맹출하여 인접치아의 치근 흡수나 조기 탈락을 야기하여 공간 상실을 일으킬 수 있고, 부분 맹출된 경우 치은 하방의 치아우식 위험성이 증가하고 농양을 형성할 수도 있다. 구치부의 이소맹출 가운데 66% 정도는 가역적인 경우로 특별한 치료 없이 자연적으로 정상적인 맹출이 일어나며, 비가역적인 이소맹출의 경우에는 치아의 맹출 상태, 인접치에 의해 매복된 양, 인접치의 동요도, 통증이나 감염 여부 등의 여러 요인을 고려하여 본격적인 치료가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 비가역적으로 이소맹출된 상악 제1대구치와 하악 제2대구치를 치간이개 고무줄, modified Halterman appliance 그리고 외과적 노출 후 modified Halterman appliance를 이용한 방법 등으로 정상적인 맹출을 유도한 증례를 보고하는 바이다. Ectopic eruption is defined as the eruption of the tooth in an abnormal position or orientation. In the molar region, ectopic eruption may cause distal root resorption and premature exfoliation of the neighbor teeth and uncontrolled space loss is followed. Prolonged partial impaction of the permanent molar may also cause undetected caries or abscess formation of the neighbor teeth. While 66% of ectopically erupting permanent molars are corrected spontaneously without treatment, the treatment is necessary for the irreversible ectopic eruption cases. The optimal treatment approach depends on a number of factors including the clinical eruption status of the molar, amount of enamel ledge and the mobility of the neighbor tooth, and the presence of pain or infection. This case report presents the results of treatment of the ectopically erupting maxillary first permanent molars and mandibular second molars using elastic separators or modified Halterman appliance with or without surgical approach.

도시거주자의 혈중 카드뮴 농도와 간 및 신장 기능과의 상관성 평가

김호현,임영욱,임종한,양지연,신동천 한국환경독성학회 2003 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The possibility that liver and kidney function is adversely affected by current levels of environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd) as investigated in adult men and women in the general population in Seoul. From February to August in 2001, blood and morning spot urine samples were collected from 136 not occupationally exposed group (age range 20~75 years) at 4 survey sites throughout Seoul. Liver and kidney function parameters in serum and urine were examined by conventional methods. The questionnaire included factors, i.e. sex, age, smoking, alcohol, diet habit etc. The geometric mean values for Cd in blood (Cd-B) were 1.43 μg/l. It seemed prudent to conclude that liver and kidney function as not disturbed by the current environmental exposure to Cd in study.

덕성여자대학생의 진로미결정(Career Indecision)요인과 자기효험성(Self-Efficacy Expectation)과의 관계

길형석,이지연 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1997 學生生活硏究 Vol.13 No.-

본 연구는 1993년 가을학기에 등록한 덕성여자대학생(n=507)을 대상으로 자기효험성(Self-Efficacy Expectations)과 진로미결정(Career Indecision)요인, 기타 세부인적사황과 관련된 변인들 - 나이, 학년, 소속 단과대학, 사회경제적지위(Socio Economic Status), 부모의 학력, 학교외의 특별활동, 일의 경험, 고향, 대부분의 교육을 받은 학교의 위치, 졸업후의 연장교육계획등 -과의 상관관계를 알아보고 이들 변인들중 진로를 결정한 그룹과 미결정한 그룹 여학생과의 차이점을 설명하려는데 그 목적이 있으며, 직업에 대한 구체적 준비와 진로에 대한 그들의 의식화요소, 자신과 일의 세계에 대한 탐색을 통하여 여대생의 진로개발과정을 이해하려는 데 있다. 세부직무분석 (Task-Specific Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale)도구를 통해 자기효험성을 측정하고, 진로측정도구(Career Decision Scale)를 통해 진로미결정 4가지 요인을 측정하였으며, 기타 세부인적사항변인들은 여성이 진로개발 문헌자료 및 선행연구를 통하여 선택되어져 중회귀분석을 통하여 가장 중요한 변인을 판별하여 본 연구 질문에 합당하게 통계처리되었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 보다 근본적인 여대생의 진로태도를 이해하고 여성의 진로이론을 바탕으로한 실제적 진로상담이 이루어질 것이 제안된다. 여대생들에게 일반적으로 나타나는 높은 점수의 언어/대인관계직무와 관련된 각종 직업군의 소개와 탐색 정보를 제공하고 교육훈련기회까지 확장되는 진로상담의 역할이 요구되어진다. 한편 여대생을 비전통직(남성직) 직업 선택으로 유도하기 위한 기술관련 자기효험기대치를 높여주는 진로전환과정의 프로그램도 개발되어야 할 것이다. 여성 스스로의 직업에 대한 태도 및 인식전환도 중요한 과제이므로 직업인으로써의 여성역할모델을 제공하고 그것을 생애를 통해 개발할 수 있도록 여성의 생애경력개발 프로그램까지 진로상담에 포함시켜 활성화하여야 할 것이다. 아울러 학교차원에서 매년 대학입학생과 졸업생을 대상으로 그들의 진로의향을 조사하고 그것을 토대로 교양과목을 개설하여 일의 세계(The World of Work)에 대한 간접경험 및 지식의 기회를 제공함으로 원하는 진로와 관련된 자기효험기대치를 높여 성공적인 여성의 생애경력을 위한 토대를 마련함이 바로 교육과 일(School to Work)과의 효과적인 연계체계라 제안하며, 끝으로, 여대생의 진로방향과 일치된 정확한 일의 정보 및 노동시장의 동향을 체계적으로 제공하는 일도 여성의 성공적인 생애경력 개발을 유도하는 여자대학교의 역할이라 제안한다. This study was designed to investigate the utility of Bandura's self-efficacy theory in relationship to the understanding and treatment of the career indecision of female students in Korea, The total subject were 507 female undergraduate students enrolled in 1993 Autumn semester at the Ducksung Women's University. Focuses were upon investigating relationships between career indecision measured by the Career Decision Scale(CDS) and self-efficacy expectations measured at the task-specific level. The major purpose of the study were to 1) investigate the relationship between women's career indecision and self-efficacy expectations, and other selected background characteristics such as age, grade level, major field. social economic status(SES), parent's educational background, additional enrichment educational activities, previous work experience, location where most education was completed, hometown, educational and career plan after completion of college and attitude regarding planning family and its influence on their career plans, and 2) to describe the differentiation between decided and undecided students on the suggested variables. A short form of background characteristics questionnaire was used to measure extrneous variables. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used to analyze the data. In order to meet research questions 1,2,3, canonical correlation analysis was performed. Discriminant analysis was also used for questions 4 and 5. In addition, due to the many dummy variables, one technical strategy for deciding what background variables to include in the independent variable set for this cannoical correlation was used. The strategy was to run the multiple regression on each of the dependent variables in order to decide which of the independnet variables are important(significant). There were 8 regressions of 4 sub-scales of CDS and 4 sub-scales of TSOSS with selected background characteristics. Only the sets of dummy variables that were demonstrated to be important by the regression analysis were included in the canonical correltiaon. When using multiple regression, regression assumptions regarding multicollinearity and residuals were checked. There was not evidence that the assumptions were violated. According to the findings, there are different sub-types of undecided students. Therefore, a counselor is recommended to proceed differently with students who are undecided because they are confused and lack information about occupations than with those who are undecided because several occupations have greats appeal for them. Especially, an educational policy maker should pay attention to the fact that females placed on decided group tended to show higher needs for support and external barriers in making career decisions. Therefore, educational policy makers are recommended to provide adequate policy for school to work transition to implement their career decisions in the college school life. For example, the work experiences or internship program in the college school fear should encourage the females to practice their intended career direction by providing a broadening opportunity. This study was relational in nature. A relational study cannot establish cause and effect relationships between variables. Therefore, the investigator sought only to explain and predict relationships among variables. Comparative research is recommended to determine the extent to which these findings are applicable in other education settings and different cultures.

신경모세포종의 화학 및 방사선요법이 치아우식활성도에 미치는 영향

이지현,박기태,성기웅,김지연 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

소아암 환자의 치료 방법으로 주로 사용되는 항암화학요법이나 방사선요법이 구강 건강에 미치는 영향은 매우 크다. 구강 점막염, 타액 분비율의 변화, 구강내 감염을 야기할 수 있고, 부분무치증, 왜소치, 치근 발육이상, 저석회화증이 나타날 수 있다. 본 연구는 신경모세포종으로 치료 받은 환아들에 있어 항암치료가 치아우식증 발생 위험도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과에 신경모세포종으로 내원하여 화학 및 방사선치료요법을 받은 환아들을 대상으로 Dentocult.. SM, Dentobuff.. Strip을 이용하여 항암치료 후의 타액 분비율, 타액 완충능, 타액 내의 Streptococcus mutans 수를 알아보고 정상 어린이들의 결과와 비교하였으며, 신경모세포종 환아에서 처음 치료를 시작한 나이, 치료 종결 후 경과 시간에 따라 치아우식활성도가 어떻게 달라지는지에 대해서도 알아보았다. 그 결과 타액 분비율은 환아가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 낮은 결과를 보인 반면(p<0.05), 타액 완충능과 Streptococcus mutans 수는 환아와 대조군 간에 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 환아에서 치료를 시작한 나이나 치료 종결 후 경과 시간에 따른 치아우식활성도에서도 통계적 유의차는 없었다. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy used for the treatment of pediatric cancer may have many adverse effects on the oral cavity. Oral mucositis, reduced salivary flow, oral infection, hypodontia, microdontia, arrested root development, and enamel hypoplasia are common oral complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of cancer therapy on dental caries activities. The children who had been treated for neuroblastoma in the department of pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, were included and healthy children served as controls. The salivary flow rate, salivary buffering capacity, and Streptococcus mutans counts of both groups were evaluated using Dentocult SM and Dentobuff Strip. The dental caries activity related to the age at the start of treatment and the time elapsed since treatment completion were also evaluated. As a result, neuroblastoma patients had significantly lower salivary flow rate than the controls, while there were no significant differences between two groups as for salivary buffering capacity and Streptococcus mutans counts. The dental caries activities related to the age at the start of treatment and the time elapsed since treatment completion were not significantly different.

사회적 지지의 개념모델

강지연,김현숙 김천과학대학 2001 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.27 No.-

Social support has been wildly used concept in the field of health science as well as in the social science. A positive relationship between social support and health is generally accepted in the literature. However, the set of dimensions used to define social support is inconsistent. This study was designed to analyse the concept of social support and to propose a conceptual model of social support. Social support has two different dimensions, functional and structural, and the social integration or embededness connects these two dimensions. In the contest of structural dismension support is an interpersonal process embedded in an array of social exchanges. Researchers who cling to this idea have focused on the social network and support system of clients. Functional aspect of social support suggests four of most frequently used defining attributes of the concept: emotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal. This type of researchers recognizing the importance of support for continued functioning and wellbeing, especially in time of stress and crisis. As an intervention strategy, the provision of social support is highly valued in nursing.

개선된 중성염 전해공정을 이용한 모의 방사성금속폐기물의 제염

이지훈,육완이,양호연,하종현 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.2

원자력발전소에서 주로 발생되는 금속폐기물인 탄소강을 중성염전해질인 1.7M의 황산나트륨(Na₂SO₄)과 질산나트륨(NaNO₃)을 이용하여 기존전해제염과 개선된 전해제염공정의 비교실험을 수행하였다. 양극은 인코넬, 음극은 티타늄으로 하여 상온에서 1시간동안 반응시켜 금속폐기물 모재의 weight loss, 두께변화, 전해질 내 침전물농도, SEM을 이용하여 제염전후의 금속폐기물 표면의 형상을 분석하였다. 실험결과 개선된 전해제염 적용시 전해질 종류별 전류밀도 변화에 따른 실험에서는 전류밀도가 0.1∼0.6A/cm²으로 증가함에 따라 1.7M의 황산나트륨 적용시 금속폐기물 모재의 두께변화는 0.48±0.005∼67.7±0.02um, 1.7M의 질산나트륨 적용시에는 0.06±0.005∼17.7±0.05로 나타나 같은 전류밀도에서 황산나트륨 적용시 금속폐기물 모재의 표면 제염효율이 더욱 높은 양상을 보였다. 또한 전류밀도 0.3 A/cm² 및 1.7M의 황산나트륨의 조건에서 개선된 전해제염 적용 시 9.8±0.01um의 금속폐기물 두께변화를 보여 기존전해제염 적용시인 3.7±0.03um의 금속폐기물 두께변화보다 2배 이상의 표면 제염효과를 보였다. Conventional and modified electrolytic decontamination experiment were performed in the 1.7 M solution of sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate for decontamination of carbon steel as the simulated metal wastes which have been produced in large amounts from nuclear power plants. Anode and cathode were used as inconel and titanium respectively. The reaction time and temperature were 1 hr and 25℃. The analyses were performed of the characteristics such as weight loss and thickness change of metal waste, suspended solid in electrolyte and SEM observation. In modified electrolyte decontamination system with increased current density ranged from 0.1 to 0.6 A/cm², the metal waste showed thickness changes of 0.48±0.005 to 67.7±0.02um in 1.7 M sodium sulfate and those of 0.06±0.005 to 17.7±0.05um in sodium nitrate. Metal waste in modified electrolyte decontamination system showed the thickness change of 9.8±0.01um while it reacted up to 3.7±0.03um in conventional system with 0.3 A/cm² of current density and 1.7 M sodium sulfate. Decontamination efficiencies of modified electrolytic process are much higher than that of conventional electrolytic process when both are applied to metal waste.

噴霧法에 依한 硫化亞鉛 薄膜의 電場發光 調査

손연규,윤지홍,권태향,한광수,이자현 안동대학교 기초과학연구소 1991 基礎科學 硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1

The study of Electroluminescence has been begun with that the two Germans, B. Gudden & R. W. Pohl in 1920 examined the remaining lights by dint of adding Electric Field at the fluorescent substance, and from 1952 the study became brisk, in 1960 made a peak, and afterward it was diminished. The above facts were appeared through H. E. Ivey`s investigation. The cause was it that the light-efficiency and the brightness were very pessimistic, though the beginning of EL-Study was given in the development of illumination. In 1950, however, with the initiative that C. W. Jerome of Sylvania Co. deviced and announced EL-Lamp, EL-Fluorescent substances were embed and merchandised as EL-Panels, and after a while it was applied to EL-Lamps, Expression Apparatuses, Light Amplifier, Logic Circuit and so on, with which the use frequency got high, and it has been developed as a promising Electronic Industry. But in our country, considering the various conditions, in order to find out the possibility of EL-Production within the home country, Impurity was introduced to ZnS powder, EL of ZnS : Cu, Cl & ZnS : Cu, Mn, Cl could be manufactured, and surveying the Voltage Characteristics, the Frequency Characteristics, and the Spectral Response of the manufactured things, the fundamental technique-problems about the composition of ZnS powder, the introduction of impurity, the formation of thin-thickness, and the construction of Cell, etc were solved gradually. 1. The quantity of Cu must commonly be more one order than in the use of Photoluminescence, as a whole 10(-3)gm,atm/mole ZnS is fitted, and Mn suitable in about 10 times of Cu. 2. Yellow color must dope Cu as well as Mn, when the quantity of Cu fixed to a certain amount, in case that the quantity of Mn is decreased, it be turned into Yellow color, if it is increased, it be taken Orange color. 3. In vacuum flowing HzS gas and baking at the moment, it is said that EL of which brightness is high, but in the air we can secure ZnS : Cu, Cl EL. only. 4. In referring to the conditions 1, 2, 3, I can infer that EL-manufacture if possible in our country.