홍씨 앞방각측정법의 임상적 유용성

강신희,박기호,홍철,김동명,Shin Hee Kang,M,D,Ki Ho Park,M,D,Chul Hong,M,D,Dong Myoung Kim,M,D 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

Purpose: To compare the Hong`s grading method, utilized for slit-lamp grading of the mid-peripheral angle, with other conventional grading methods. Actual angle was measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for comparison. Methods: Fifteen eyes with narrow angles and eighteen eyes with wide angles were studied. The average age of thirty-three subjects was 46.8±19.2, and the male to female ratio was 1:3.7. The mid-peripheral angle was graded by Hong`s, van Herick`s and Spaeth`s grading system. The actual anterior chamber angle was evaluated by UBM and the correlation between each grading system and actual angle was investigated. Results: The results from the Hong`s grading (r=0.802, R2=0.643, p<0.01), Spaeth`s grading (r=0.728, R2=0.530, p<0.01) and van Herick`s grading (r=0.618, R2=0.382, p<0.01) methods correlated significantly with the actual angles. Conclusions: The Hong`s grading method was an easy and effective tool to evaluate anterior chamber angle. In addition, the results of the Hong`s grading method were closer to the actual angle than the other methods.

Effects of detraining on motor unit potential area, muscle function and physical performance based on CNTF gene polymorphism

( Sang Min Hong ),( Ae Rim Hong ),( Yun A Shin ) 한국운동영양학회 2014 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.18 No.2

Sang Min Hong, Ae Rim Hong and Yun A Shin. Effects of detraining on motor unit potential area, muscle function and physicalperformance based on CNTF gene polymorphism. JENB., Vol. 18, No. 2, pp.151-160, 2014 [Purpose] The purpose of this studywas to identify the effect of detraining on motor unit potential area (SMUP), muscular function and physical performance, accordingto CNTF gene polymorphism. [Methods] For this study, GG (normal homozygote, n = 8) group and GA + AA (mutation heterozygoteand homozygote, n = 10) group were divided by CNTF gene polymorphism and both groups were performed detraining for 4weeks. The data was analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA for verifying the differences between two groups andinteraction using SPSS(ver. 20.0) statistical program. [Results] The results were as follows. First, changes in body compositionwere measured but there was no significant interaction effect between time and group. Seconds, changes in SMUP were measuredby SEMG. Interaction effect between time and group was found lateral vastus during isokinetic exercise of 180°/sec (p<.05). Third, changes in isokinetic muscle strength of 60°/sec and 180°/sec were measured but there was no significant interaction effect. Fourth, significant statistical differences were not showed changes of sports performance after detraining. [Conclusion] In conclusion, there were no significantly differences between GG and GA + AA group after detraining, therefore, further study will be considereda matter in various its interventions such as serum levels of CNTF and changes in receptors and muscle fiber types. [Keyword]detraining, motor unit potential area, muscular function, physical fitness, CNTF gene polymorphism

Ownership Structure of Northeast Asian Countries

Seung Rok Park,Peter Drysdale,Shin Il Kang,In kie Hong 한국경제연구원 2004 한국경제연구원 연구보고서 Vol.2004-02 No.-

1 In the first paper “Determinants of Corporate Ownership Structure and their effects on Corporate Governance in South Korea” by Shin-Il Kang, Korea’s unique characteristics, specifically the ownership structure and corporate governance are examined. The author takes a broad perspective by incorporating corporate culture, business leadership, and ownership structure in Korean corporation. Furthermore, he discusses the substitutability of Korean specific features given the rapidly changing economic environment. Under the Korea’s Chaebol structure, controlling shareholders, who are the real owner of firms, have exercised ownership rights while having a large proportion of shares aided by cross shareholdings. This has been possible through the pyramid ownership control structure as well as cross-shareholding among subsidiaries. Market circumstances related to management costs are not favorable to the firm with a dispersed ownership structure. In Korea, that’s the reason why ownership is concentrated. Given such a structure, the owners minimize costs related to management’s risks. Furthermore it proposes that leadership(firm culture) and ownership are substitutes. Concentrated ownership is needed when the leadership is not mature like Korean Chaebol. 2 The second paper “Issues in Japanese Corporate Governance” by Peter Drysdale examines some of the major issues of Japanese corporate governance today. The role of that main bank in corporate governance and inter corporate shareholding has been well documented. Although Japanese banks have rigorously monitored firms and have had an enormous influence on firms’ decisions and strategies through the owning of shares, firm performance under such a main bank system has not always been positive. Opposing views and their rationale regarding the pessimism behind the performance of firms in the main bank system are also explained in this paper. 3 The paper “Corporate Governance in China” by In Kie Hong discusses the current status and the restructuring efforts of China’s corporate governance. In China, state shareholders possess strong control rights over listed companies allowing them to exercise control even beyond their proportion of shareholding. Various governmental organizations(under the Communist Party) acting as representatives of the state as shareholders have influenced firms enormously, particularly regarding matters of organizing the board of directors as well as electing management. However since they have little incentives to manage state(national) assets and have insufficient capacity to monitor a large number of firms of which they are in charge, the principal-agent problem tends to prevail, which adds to the difficulties in preserving the value of state assets as well. 4 The last paper “Ownership Concentration and Corporate Performances in the Northeast Asian Countries” by Seung-Rok Park compares the relationship between corporate governance structure and corporate performance in Korea, Japan, and China by empirically examining the accounting corporate performances and technical efficiency measures. In the case of Korea, ownership concentration was shown to have positively affected all corporate accounting performance variables such as profit margin, return on shareholders’ funds, return on total assets, and return on capital employed. Furthermore, it was also found that ownership concentration positively affected corporate performance by helping improve the technical efficiency of firms. Unlike Korea, in Japan, there was no sign of a positive effect of ownership concentration on the accounting corporate performance and technical efficiency. Moreover, in the case of China, ownership concentration positively affected profit margin and return on total assets, while no positive effects of ownership concentration were found on return on capital employed and return on shareholders’ funds. It is shown in this study that the difference in the rel

Critical role of bile acid (BA) in the cellular entry and permissiveness of Hepatitis B virus in vitro

Hong‑Jai Lee,Bo‑Young Shin,Jae‑Seung Moon,Ailyn Fadriquela,Selikem Abla Nuwormegbe,Chun‑Chang Ho,Jin‑Su Shin,Jee‑Sang Yoon,Sang‑Kyou Lee,Soo‑Ki Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Lack of universal replication system for hepatitis B virus with narrow host range and organ tropism has hampered to uncover the pathogenesis of HBV. Previously, we reported the essentiality of humoral milieu and its components toward HBV and hepatitis C virus survival/viability in vitro. Of these components, the precise role of enterohepatic humoral milieu such as bile acid (BA) on HBV cultivation in vitro and in vivo is unknown. Objective We explored whether BA, specifically taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) would directly regulate the viral DNA and surface antigen expression of HBV in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. Result We found that higher concentration of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) is able to preserve the genomic stability of HBV in cell-free DMEM, showing higher the surface antigenicity than taurocholic acid (tCA). In line, we found that in vitro cell culture condition (100 μmol/L of tCDCA coupled with 1 × 108 g e/mL HBV) would be optimal for HBV entry into target cells. Using this, human (HepG2, Huh7), and rodent (Hepa1c1c7, H4-II-E) hepatoma cell lines were infected by HBV, as evidenced by the presence of HBV biomarkers (HBsAg, and HBV DNA in culture supernatant, as well as HBcAg in cell). Further, cellular entry test revealed that HBV is able to infect 12 different non-hepatic cell lines regardless of species, and organ/tissue, consequently reproducing progeny as confirmed by HBV biomarkers. Last, reinfection test showed that the progenies of HBV from immortalized HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells are able to enter into each or vice versa naïve HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells with or without BA. Conclusion This study demonstrates that enterohepatic humoral milieu such as BA, specifically tCDCA would directly regulate HBV DNA and its surface antigen expression in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. This is the first note to render HBV permissive to human or rodent hepatic and non-hepatic cells via sole manipulation of humoral milieu, thus establishing the platform for in vitro robust replication system of HBV.

Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of Streptomyces seoulensis, a pioneer strain of nickel superoxide dismutase

Jihoon Shin,Shinae Park,Jung‑Shin Lee,Eun‑Jin Lee,Hong‑Duk Youn 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.3

Background Streptomyces seoulensis has contributed to the discovery and initiation of extensive research into nickel superoxide dismutase (NiSOD), a unique type of superoxide dismutase found in actinomycetes. Still so far, there is no information about whole genome sequence of this strain. Objective To investigate complete genome sequence and perform bioinformatic analyses for genomic functions related with nickel-associated genes. Methods DNA was extracted using the Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit then sequenced using a Pacific Biosciences SMRT cell 8Pac V3 DNA Polymerase Binding Kit P6 with the PacBiov2 RSII platform. We assembled the PacBio longreads with the HGAP3 pipeline. Results We obtained complete genome sequence of S. seoulensis, which comprises a 6,339,363 bp linear chromosome. While analyzing the genome to annotate the genomic function, we discovered the nickel-associated genes. We observed that the sodN gene encoding for NiSOD is located adjacent to the sodX gene, which encodes for the nickel-type superoxide dismutase maturation protease. In addition, several nickel-associated genes and gene clusters-nickel-responsive regulator, nickel uptake transporter, nickel–iron [NiFe]-hydrogenase and other putative genes were also detected. Strain specific genes were discovered through a comparative analysis of S. coelicolor and S. griseus. Further bioinformatic analyses revealed that this strain encodes at least 22 putative biosynthetic gene clusters, thereby implying that S. seoulensis has the potential to produce novel bioactive compounds. Conclusion We annotated the genome and determined nickel-associated genes and gene clusters and discovered biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites implying that S. seoulensis produces novel types of bioactive compounds.

장거리 해저 광전송망 분산보상 설계 및 구현

유재덕(Jae Duck Yoo),박홍태(Hong Tae Park),신현식(Hyun Sik Shin),김천석(Chun Suk Kim),신윤호(Yun Ho Shin) 한국전자통신학회 2006 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.1 No.1

현재 국내.외 기간 통신망은 급격히 증가하는 고속 대용량 트래픽을 효율적으로 멀리 전송하기 위해 광증폭기를 이용한 파장분할다중화방식 (DWDM:Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 광전송 시스템 통신망을 구축하고 있다. DWDM광전송 시스템에서 고속, 대용량 및 장거리 전송을 하기 위해서는 기존 3R 광 중계기시스템에서 크게 중요시 않았던 광 fiber의 비선형(non-linearity) 전송제약 요소를 고려하여 통신망을 설계하여야 한다. 광통신망에서 장거리 전송 시 신호펄스 파형의 왜곡을 최소화하기 위해 영분산(zero-dispersion)을 구현하여야 하지만, 영분산으로 인하여 파이버의 비선형 현상이 나타나 신호 스펙트럼 왜곡 현상이 발생하는 문제가 있다. 즉 영 분산과 파이버의 비선형 사이에 서로 상충관계를 해결하여야 고속 대용량 트랙픽을 장거리 전송할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 DWDM 해저 광 통신망에서 고속 대용량 트래픽을 장거리 전송하기 위한 기술을 알아보고, 영분산과 파이버의 비선형 사이에 상충문제를 해결 위한 분산관리 기법을 소개하고, 실제한국-홍콩간 해저 광통신 구간에서 분산 맵 (dispersion map)을 설계 구현하였다. Currently, Most of the Backhual and Submarine s networks are being installed using DWDM and EDFA to deal with dramatically increasing internet traffic. In a conventional type optical system, the so-called 3R repeater, fiber non- linearity was not significant factor but it is one of the most important consideration when designing new DWDM network based on the EDFAs. To minimize the signal pulse distortion in long-haul optical network, Zero-dispersion fiber is indispensable but causes the fiber non-linearity. Therefore this conflicting problems should be managed to transmit a high-speed capacity traffic. In this paper, key technologies in DWDM submarine optic network were found out for a high capacity traffic and introduced the dispersion management way for solving the conflicting problems between Zero-dispersion and non-linearity. Lastly designed a dispersion map in section between Korea and Hong-kong.

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

株式會社의 資本減小

洪愼憙 청주대학교 1966 論文集 Vol.5 No.1

都市空間構造의 變化에 관한 硏究 : 서울의 1980年代를 對象으로

申洪垠 건국대학교 행정대학원 1989 建國大學校 行政大學院 硏究論叢 Vol.17 No.-

理事會의 法律上 地位

洪愼熹 淸州大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.13 No.1