Investigation of functional roles of transcription termination factor-1 (TTF-I) in HIV-1 replication

( Seong-hyun Park ),( Kyung-lee Yu ),( Yu-mi Jung ),( Seong-deok Lee ),( Min-jeong Kim ),( Ji-chang You ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2018 BMB Reports Vol.51 No.7

Transcription termination factor-1 (TTF-I) is an RNA polymerase 1-mediated transcription terminator and consisting of a C-terminal DNA-binding domain, central domain, and N-terminal regulatory domain. This protein binds to a so-called ‘Sal box’ composed of an 11-base pair motif. The interaction of TTF-I with the ‘Sal box’ is important for many cellular events, including efficient termination of RNA polymerase-1 activity involved in pre-rRNA synthesis and formation of a chromatin loop. To further understand the role of TTF-I in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-I virus production, we generated various TTF-I mutant forms. Through a series of studies of the over-expression of TTF-I and its derivatives along with co-transfection with either proviral DNA or HIV-I long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven reporter vectors, we determined that wild-type TTF-I downregulates HIV-I LTR activity and virus production, while the TTF-I Myb-like domain alone upregulated virus production, suggesting that wild-type TTF-I inhibits virus production and trans-activation of the LTR sequence; the Myb-like domain of TTF-I increased virus production and trans-activated LTR activity. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(7): 338-343]

메스암페타민 반복투여가 생쥐뇌 각 영역의 [??C]메스암페타민 분포에 미치는 영향

이윤성,이경한,김병태,이숭덕,최연성,이정빈 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

We evaluated whether alterations in regional cerebral methamphetamine(MA) uptake is involved in the behavioral effects of repeated MA administration. Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and control ICR mice were respectively injected with 2㎎/㎏ MA every 48 hr for 8 days, 15㎎/㎏ every 12 hr for 4 days, and saline, Regional cerebral uptakes of [??C] MA, [??Ⅰ]β-CIT, and ??Tc-ECD were measured 7 days later to assess regional MA uptake, transporter density, and blood flow, respectively. The behavioral excitation score increased in group Ⅰ(p<0.0001) and Ⅱ(p<0.05). Striatal[??C]MA uptake (% ID/gram) was 2.5±0.5, 1.4±0.4 in the control group, 2.5±0.5, 1.5±0.1 in group Ⅰ, and 2.1±0.7, 1.2±0.3 in group Ⅱ(30, and 60 minutes, respectively). Striatal to cerebellar uptake ratio at 30 minutes was significantly higher in group Ⅰ(1.43±0.07) compared to the control group(1.35±0.04;p<0.05) and group Ⅱ(1.33±0.11;p<0.05), while the ratio at 60 minutes was lower in group Ⅱ(1.22±0.04) compared to the control group (1.35±0.08;p<0.01) and group Ⅰ(1.38±0.08;p<0.001). There was no difference in regional uptake of ??Tc-ECD between the groups. Striatal uptake ratio of [??Ⅰ] β-CIT was significantly decreased in group Ⅱ(6.2±1.9) vs. control group (10.4±1.7;p<0.001), but not in group Ⅰ(9.6±1.7). Thus, repeated low dose MA enhanced striatal MA uptake without altering regional blood flow or dopamine transporter densities, while high dose MA caused dopaminergic nerve terminal damage. This suggests that enhanced striatal MA uptake has a role in the MA sensitization phenomenon.

자동염기서열분석기를 이용한 혼합시료의 분석 및 정량적 PCR 조건의 확립

이윤성,김병국,이숭덕,이승림,이정빈 大韓法醫學會 1997 대한법의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

To know the amplification pattern according to relative concentration ratio in mixed samples, two STR loci, vwF locus and two VNTR loci, D1S80 locus and D17S5 locus were amplified in DNA with various concentration of two different individuals. At the similiar concentration genotypes of two individuals were easily identified. But when the concentration of one person were lowered to 1/20-1/40 of the other's, the intensity of product bands diminished and hardly discernible. Also different amplification efficiency according to the template length was noted, especially in VNTR loci. Using automatic sequencer and RFLP scan program, the intensity OD of each PCR product band could be calculated, and this correlated, and this correlates the relative amplification efficiency of each allele. By using this we could construct quantitative PCR for the mixed samples. This could be used in practical case work for forensic purpose, and also be a valuable candidate for 'chimerism detection' in case of bone marrow transplatation

한국인 인슐린비의존형 당뇨병 환자에서 피부 섬유아세포의 PC-1 mRNA 양과 체질량지수 및 인슐린 감수성

이성근,이성규,김현만,이관우,정윤석,신영구,박덕배 대한당뇨병학회 1997 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.21 No.4

Determination of permethrin resistance allele frequency of human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis, populations by quantitative sequencing

Deok Ho Kwon,Keon mook Seong,Kyong Sup Yoon,J. Marshall Clark,Won Ja Lee,Yong Joon Ahn,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.05

A quantitative sequencing (QS) protocol that detects the frequencies of sodium channel mutations (M815I, T917I and L920F) responsible for knockdown resistance in permethrin-resistant head lice was tested as a population genotyping method. Genomic DNA fragments of the sodium channel α-subunit gene that encompass the three mutation sites were PCR-amplified from individual head lice with either resistant or susceptible genotypes, and combined together in various ratios to generate standard DNA template mixtures for QS. Following sequencing, the signal ratios between resistant and susceptible nucleotides were calculated and plotted against the corresponding resistance allele frequencies. Quadratic regression coefficients of the plots were close to 1, demonstrating that QS is highly reliable for the prediction of resistance allele frequencies. Prediction of resistance allele frequencies by QS in several globally collected lice samples including 12 Korean lice populations suggested that permethrin resistance varied substantially amongst different geographical regions. Three local populations of Korean lice were determined to have 9.8-36.7% resistance allele frequencies, indicating that an urgent resistance management is needed. QS should serve as a preliminary resistance monitoring tool for proper management strategies by allowing early resistance detection.

Gunjaojatanginhibits experimental metastasis via immunomodulation of T helper cells and macrophages

Seong-Deok Lee,Yun-Hee Rhee,Sung-Hoon Kim 한의병리학회 2004 대한동의병리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.12

Y Chromosome Haplotypes in Koreans

Lee, Soong-Deok,Lee, Dam-Ho,Kim, Ki-Beom,Lee, Yoon-Seong,Lee, Jung-Bin 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Y 염색체에 존재하는 다형성 STR 유전좌인 DYS19 유전좌, DYS388 유선좌, DYS389 유전좌, DYS390 유전좌, DYS391 유전좌, DYS392 유전좌, DYS395 유전좌들의 법의학적 이용 가능성을 알아보기 위해 한국인 1054명을 대상으로 각각의 유전좌에 대하여 PCR증폭을 시행한 후 polyacrylamide gel을 이용하여 전기영동을 시행하여 대립유전자를 확인하였다. 유전좌마다 6-22개의 대립유전자가 관찰되었고, 각 유전좌에서 부권배제율은 0.28-0.886이었다. 각 유전좌들에서 대립유전자들은 각각 반복서열에 따라 구별되었고, 'interallele'은 관찰되지 않았다. 각각의 유전좌에서 반복서열은 3-4 bp로 구성되어 있었다. 388 부계쌍에서 DYS19 유전좌에서 1예, DYS388유전꼭에서 1예, DYS389 유전좌에서 2예, DYS391 유전좌에서 3예, DYS392유전좌에서 1예, DYS395 유전좌에서 1예 등 모두 9예의 돌연변이가 8가족에서 관찰되었다. 한국인에서의 대립유전자 분포 등과 같은 자료들이 다른 민족의 것과 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 연구대상 유전좌들은 모두 Y 염색체에 존재하고, 이들은 서로 연관되어 있을 가능성이 높으므로 일배체형으로 표현할 수 있다. 모두 563 종류의 일배체형을 확인하였다. 연구대상 가운데 630명은 서로 다른 사람임에도 불구하고 같은 일배체형을 공유하고 있었다. 가장 흔한 일배체형의 경우 77명이 서로 같은 형을 공유하고 있었다. 단지 한 사람에서만 관찰된 일배체형은 매우 흔해 424종류가 있었다. 이와 같은 결과로 Y 염색체에 존재하는 STR 유전좌를 이용한 일배체형은 다형성이 매우 높아 부계 확인이나 질도말과 같은 법의학적 증거물 검사에 매우 유용함을 알 수 있었고, 본 연구결과는 한국인에 대한 고유 자료로서 매우 유용하다고 본다. In this study the population data at seven STR loci on the Y chromosome, DYS19, DYS388, DYS389, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393 are described for 1054 Koreans. In each locus, 6-22 alleles were noted, and allelic distribution patterns were found to be different from those of other populations. The PD was 0.28-0.886 and no interallele was noted. In 388 father-son pairs, 9 cases of mutation, one in DYS19 locus, one in DYS388, two in DYS389, three in DYS391, one in DYS392 and one in DYS393 locus were noted. In total 573 different haplotypes were noted. 630 cases shared the same haplotype with someone among 1054 object studied. Even in case which showed different haplotypes, many cases showed differences only in one locus and genotypes in the remaining seven loci were the same. The discrimination between mutation and different haplotypes seems to be problematic in these situations. Experiences for the large scale haplotype data base in Koreans were described.

Pillar Type Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon Flash Memory Cells with Modulated Tunneling Oxide

Lee, Sang-Youl,Yang, Seung-Dong,Yun, Ho-Jin,Jeong, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Yu-Mi,Kim, Seong-Hyeon,Lee, Hi-Deok,Lee, Ga-Won,Oh, Jae-Sub The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2013 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.14 No.5

In this paper, we fabricated 3D pillar type silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) devices for high density flash applications. To solve the limitation between erase speed and data retention of the conventional SONOS devices, bandgap-engineered (BE) tunneling oxide of oxide-nitride-oxide configuration is integrated with the 3D structure. In addition, the tunneling oxide is modulated by another method of $N_2$ ion implantation ($N_2$ I/I). The measured data shows that the BE-SONOS device has better electrical characteristics, such as a lower threshold voltage ($V_{\tau}$) of 0.13 V, and a higher $g_{m.max}$ of 18.6 ${\mu}A/V$ and mobility of 27.02 $cm^2/Vs$ than the conventional and $N_2$ I/I SONOS devices. Memory characteristics show that the modulated tunneling oxide devices have fast erase speed. Among the devices, the BE-SONOS device has faster program/erase (P/E) speed, and more stable endurance characteristics, than conventional and $N_2$ I/I devices. From the flicker noise analysis, however, the BE-SONOS device seems to have more interface traps between the tunneling oxide and silicon substrate, which should be considered in designing the process conditions. Finally, 3D structures, such as the pillar type BE-SONOS device, are more suitable for next generation memory devices than other modulated tunneling oxide devices.

Reemergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on Jeju Island

Lee, Sunhee,Ko, Deok-Ho,Kwak, Seong-Kyu,Lim, Chung-Hun,Moon, Sung-Up,Lee, Du Sik,Lee, Changhee The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2014 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.54 No.3

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains responsible for recent outbreaks in the United States have been occurring in Mainland Korea since late 2013. Over the past 10 years, PEDV outbreaks have not been reported on Jeju Island. However, in late March of 2014, PEDV re-emerged on Jeju Island and was found to be genetically identical to PEDV strains currently circulating in Mainland Korea. The present study was conducted to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of PEDV and more effective preventive measures against PED.

Understanding of the functional role(s) of the Activating Transcription Factor 4(ATF4) in HIV regulation and production

( Seong-deok Lee ),( Kyung-lee Yu ),( Seong-hyun Park ),( Yu-mi Jung ),( Min-jeong Kim ),( Ji-chang You ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2018 BMB Reports Vol.51 No.8

The activating transcription factor (ATF) 4 belongs to the ATF/CREB (cAMP Response Element Binding bZIP [Basic Leucine Zipper]) transcription factor family, and plays a central role in the UPR (Unfolded Protein Response) process in cells. The induction of ATF4 expression has previously been shown to increase the replication of HIV-1. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this effect and the factors involved in the regulation of ATF4 function are still unknown. Here, we demonstrate first that knocking out ATF4 using siRNA shows a strong negative effect on HIV-1 production, indicating that ATF4 is a functional positive cellular factor in HIV-1 production. To determine the mechanism by which ATF4 regulates the HIV-1 life cycle, we assessed the effect of the overexpression of wild type ATF4 and its various derivatives on HIV-1 LTR-mediated transcriptional activation and the production of HIV-1 particles. This effect was studied through co-transfection experiments with either reporter vectors or proviral DNA. We found that the N-terminal domains of ATF4 are involved in HIV-1 LTR-mediated transcriptional activation, and thus in HIV-1 production. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(8): 388-393]