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( Dae Sung Kim ),( Sun Jung Kwon ),( Moon Jun Na ),( Ji Woong Son ),( Oh Jung Kwon ),( Sun Hee Oh ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Reintubation is associated with increased mortality. In the previous study, reintubation is a consequence of respiratory failure after extubation and occurs in 16% within 48 hours after planned extubation. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a supportive therapy that improves mortality in acute respiratory failure. Applying high fi ow nasal cannula (HFNC) can be immediately an alternative method in place of noninvasive respiratory support in patients with postextbation. However, the benefi t of the use of HFNC after extubation was not clear. Methods: We conducted study retrospectively to examine whether HFNC can reduce the risk of reintubation in patients after extubation in the ICUs. A total of 62 extubated patients who received treatment with HFNC were included in the analysis from Nov. 2011 to Jul. 2014. Patients were liberated from mechanical ventilation using daily spontaneous breathing trail. We set HFNC as follows. fiow rate was 30~60L/min and fraction of inspired oxygen (fiO2) could retain peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) above 90% and pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) above 60mmHg. We checked clinical parameters and arterial blood gas analysis after extubation. The primary outcome was the rate of reintubation after extubation. Results: The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 158 hours and median PaO2/fiO2 ratio on time of ventilator weaning day was 246.4 mmHg. Six patients (9.7%) were required reintubation. Three patients (4.8%) and three patients (4.8%) were required reintubation within 48 hours and after 48 hours after extubation. The median time from extubation to reintubation was 72.5 hours. Conclusions: The use of HFNC as respiratory support after extubation in ICU patient was effective method for preventing reintubation.
DaeSung Kim,JinHwan Lee,ManYoung Yang,HongYong Bhae,Jae Wook Jeon 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
The reliability is defined as a probability that a system will perform properly for a specified period of time without any failures, and it is considered as one of the important design attributes. In automotive industry, safety-critical systems such as the electrical power steering (EPS) are considering dynamic redundant systems, which are configured two identical controllers, to ensure the higher functionality, reliability and distributed intelligence which can recover from failures. Two identically configured controllers (one active, one backup) should swap roles within the deadline in the redundancy scheme when a system failure is detected in active controller. A challenge of dynamic redundant systems is to determine a precise role as the active controller to operate a system, error detection of the active controller and how to take over to a backup controller in the defined time. Moreover, a role of each controller has to be independently protected to ensure mutual exclusion under safety requirements. This paper studies dynamic redundant architectures and arbitration control methods that can provide full fault-tolerance without any deviation of functionality even in the presence of faults. The system performance of the dynamic redundant architecture is evaluated experimentally by actual test scenarios to show the practical implication of our architecture.
Daesung Kim,Jeongseok Ha IEEE 2015 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.63 No.10
<P>In this work, we propose a novel design rule of block-wise concatenated Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BC-BCH) codes for storage devices using multi-level per cell (MLC) NAND flash memories. BC-BCH codes designed in accordance with the proposed design rule are called quasi-primitive BC-BCH codes in which constituent BCH codes are deliberately chosen for their lengths to be as close to primitive BCH codes as possible. It will be shown that such quasi-primitive BC-BCH codes can achieve significant improvements of error-correcting capability over the existing BC-BCH codes when an iterative hard-decision based decoding (IHDD) is assumed. In addition, we propose a novel collaborative decoding algorithm which targets at resolving dominant error patterns associated with the IHDD. Error-rate performances of error-control systems with the proposed quasi-primitive BC-BCH and existing BC-BCH codes are compared. For more comprehensive performance comparisons, systems with a hypothetically long BCH code and a product code are also considered in the comparisons.</P>
Stiffness Modulus Comparison in Trackbed Foundation Soil
Daesung Kim,Hojin Cho,Jaebeom Park,Yujin Lim 한국철도학회 2015 International Journal of Railway Vol.8 No.2
The primary function of the trackbed in a conventional railway track system is to decrease the stresses in the subgrade to be in an acceptable level. A properly designed trackbed layer performs this task adequately. Many design procedures have used assumed and/or are based on critical stiffness values of the layers obtained mostly in the field to calculate an appropriate thickness of the sublayers of the trackbed foundation. However, those stiffness values do not consider strain levels clearly and precisely in the layers. This study proposes a method of computation of stiffness that can handle with strain level in the layers of the trackbed foundation in order to provide properly selected design values of the stiffness of the layers. The shear modulus values are dependent on shear strain level so that the strain levels generated in the subgrade in the trackbed under wheel loading and below plate of Repeated Plate Bearing Test (RPBT) are investigated by finite element analysis program ABAQUS and PLAXIS programs. The strain levels generated in the subgrade from RPBT are compared to those values from RC (Resonant Column) test after some consideration of strain levels and stress consideration. For comparison of shear modulus G obtained from RC test and stiffness moduli Ev2 obtained from RPBT in the field, many numbers of mid-size RC tests in laboratory and RPBT in field were performed extensively. It was found in this study that there is a big difference in stiffness modulus when the converted Ev2 values were compared to those values of RC test. It is verified in this study that it is necessary to use precise and increased loading steps to construct nonlinear curves from RPBT in order to get correct Ev2 values in proper strain levels.
( Dae Sung Kim ),( Minhyeok Lee ),( Oh Jung Kwon ),( Inbeom Jeong ),( Ji Woong Son ),( Moon Jun Na ),( Sun Jung Kwon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.78 No.4
A 45-year-old man presented with dyspnea and hemoptysis during exercise. A chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multifocal diffuse patchy ground glass opacity and interlobular septal thickening in both the lungs. Permeability pulmonary edema or pulmonary hemorrhage was suspected. Serologic studies for autoimmune disorders and vasculitis were negative. There was no laboratory evidence of coagulopathy, other hematopoietic disease or infectious disease. Considering correlation with exercise, we diagnosed exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) or exerciseinduced pulmonary edema (EIPE). The patient was managed with antifibrinolytics, antibiotics, and antitussive agent. After a week, follow-up chest CT revealed completely resolved pulmonary hemorrhage. About 2 months after the first event, he visited again with dyspnea and hemoptysis during running. In the present study, we report a case of recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage after exercise.